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Optimasi Pembuatan Film Biodegradabel dari Komposit Pati Sagu – MCC yang Dimodifikasi dengan Asam Sitrat Trisuciati Syahwardini; Bahruddin; Ida Zahrina
Journal of Bioprocess, Chemical and Environmental Engineering Science Vol 1 No 2 (2020): Journal of Bioprocess, Chemical, and Environmental Engineering
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, UNRI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (200.425 KB) | DOI: 10.31258/jbchees.1.2.39-51

Abstract

Optimization is a way to find variable values that are considered optimal, effective, and efficient to achieve the desired results. The approach that is more often used for optimization problems with multi-variables is the desirability function. The components carried out by the optimization are microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) (x1), citric acid (x2), sorbitol (x3) with the response are Tensile Strength (Y1), Elongation (Y2), Modulus young (Y3), Biodegradability (Y4), and Water Uptake (Y5). Optimization is done by using Design Expert 10.0.1 Software. Through Desirability Function analysis, the optimum treatment composition was obtained at the MCC filler variation of 18% w / w starch, citric acid 3% w / w starch, and sorbitol 33% w / w starch with the optimum response value predicted for tensile strength (Y1) = 11.38 MPa; Elongation (Y2) = 13.54%; Young's modulus (Y3) = 118.05 MPa; Biodegradability (Y4) = 46.89%; and Water Uptake (Y5) = 52.13%. The combined desirability value is 0.551
Prediksi Kesetimbangan Cair-Cair Sistem Pati-PVA-Air dengan metode UNIFAC Lusiana Sri Wahyuni; Bahruddin; Ida Zahrina
Journal of Bioprocess, Chemical and Environmental Engineering Science Vol 1 No 2 (2020): Journal of Bioprocess, Chemical, and Environmental Engineering
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, UNRI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (154.155 KB) | DOI: 10.31258/jbchees.1.2.52-62

Abstract

The manufacture of bioplastics by mixing PVA with starch, for example from sago, cassava, sweet potatoes, and potatoes and so on have been widely practiced. However, in some cases, blending of the polymers may not produce the desired properties due to the lack of miscibility between the mixed polymers. So that in making bioplastics a mixture of starch and PVA requires data support of the miscibility of raw materials for making bioplastics into water solvents. Miscibility can be predicted using UNIQUAC Functional - group Activity Coefficient (UNIFAC) method. The activity coefficient resulting from the UNIFAC calculation of the ternary system of starch, PVA and water shows that the activity coefficient of starch tends to increase with increasing starch composition, while the activity coefficient of PVA is not very stable. The water activity coefficient shows the opposite tendency. Temperature does not seem to have a significant effect on the composition of starch and PVA, from the calculation obtained the starch composition of 0.01045 - 0.15325 and PVA 0.38407 - 0.23860. Likewise, water shows that the heating temperature does not really affect the composition of the water. The calculation of the balance of the mixture is carried out to get the right composition for the mixture of starch, PVA and water to form a perfectly mixed mixture. The results of calculating the composition in equilibrium are shown in the ternary diagram. The diagram shows a single-phase graph, where if a mixture containing 2 components dissolves completely, it will form a single-phase region.
Kesetimbangan Cair-Cair Sistem Polipropilena dan Maleated Natural Rubber Russita Martani; Bahruddin Bahruddin; Amun Amri
Journal of Chemical Process Engineering Vol 4, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1351.269 KB) | DOI: 10.33536/jcpe.v4i2.333

Abstract

Pada campuran polipropilena (PP)-maleated natural rubber (MNR), MNR berfungsi sebagai compatibilizer yang melakukan modifikasi terhadap permukaan matrik PP untuk memudahkan masuknya filler sehingga dihasilkan campuran yang lebih kompatibel. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan kemampuan campur maleated natural rubber (MNR) dalam polipropilena (PP) pada berbagai variasi suhu. Penelitian diawali dengan prediksi kesetimbangan cair-cair sistem PP-MNR dengan menggunakan metode UNIFAC dilanjutkan dengan validasi model kesetimbangan. Validasi model kesetimbangan cair-cair sistem PP-MNR diawali dengan mencampurkan karet alam dan maleic anhydride (MAH) dalam internal mixer untuk penyiapan MNR. MNR yang telah disiapkan lalu dicampurkan dengan PP dalam internal mixer dengan kadar MNR dan temperatur proses divariasi berdasarkan prediksi kesetimbangan cair-cair UNIFAC. Kemudian campuran PP-MNR dianalisa dengan uji difference scanning calorimetry (DSC). Hasil uji DSC digunakan untuk melakukan validasi hasil perhitungan kesetimbangan cair-cair UNIFAC. Hasil perhitungan UNIFAC merupakan kesetimbangan cair-cair sistem PP-MNR berupa kadar MNR dan temperatur proses pencampuran. Pada campuran ini MNR berfungsi sebagai compatibilizer. Kadar MNR pada campuran adalah 4,4%–11,16% dan temperatur proses adalah 170 o C–210 o C. Semakin besar kadar MNR dalam campuran, semakin rendah suhu proses pencampuran. Hasil validasi uji DSC sesuai dengan prediksi kesetimbangan cair-cair sistem PP-MNR menggunakan metode UNIFAC.
POTENSI PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DAN SEKTOR UNGGULAN DALAM PEREKONOMIAN KOTA PAREPARE Muhammad Nur; Muhammad Nasri Katman; Sudirman Sudirman; Bahruddin Bahruddin
Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Peradaban Vol 7 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/jiap.v7i2.26847

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses perhitungan PPh Pasal 23 dan alternatif perbandingan PPN terhutang antara transaksi reinvoicing dan reimbursement. Pendekatan  penelitian ini menggunakan riset pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada PT. Cahaya Hikmah Logistik  Makassar. Sumber Data yaitu data primer dengan metode pengumpulan data yakni wawancara langsung di objek penelitian serta dukungan data sekunder lainnya serta metode analisis data yang mengacu pada pemanfaatan teori sebagai bahan pendukung penelitian di lapangan.Hasil Penelitian ditemukan bahwa Penerapan Pajak Penghasilan (PPh) Pasal 23 atas jasa freight forwarding pada PT. Cahaya Hikmah Logistik sudah sesuai dengan dasar hukum Peraturan Menteri Keuangan No.141/PMK.03/2015. Adanya perbandingan penerapan PPN antara reinvoicing dan reimbursement.Kata Kunci : Freight Forwarding, PPh 23, PPN, reinvoicing, reimbursementThis study aims to determine the process of calculating PPh Article 23 and the alternative comparison of payable VAT between reinvoicing and reimbursement transactions. This research approach uses a qualitative research approach. The research was conducted at PT. Cahaya Hikmah Logistik Makassar. Data sources are primary data with data collection methods, namely direct interviews in the research object and other secondary data support and data analysis methods that refer to the use of theory as supporting material for field research. The research found that the application of Article 23 Income Tax (PPh) for freight forwarding services at PT. Cahaya Hikmah Logistics is in accordance with the legal basis of the Minister of Finance Regulation No.141 / PMK.03 / 2015. There is an comparison of the application of VAT between reinvoicing and reimbursement.Keywords : Freight Forwarding, Value Added Tax Article 23 Of Income Tax, reinvoicing, reimbursement
Kajian uji gelar aspal modifikasi berbasis karet padat jenis crepe rubber pada skala pilot Bahruddin Bahruddin; Arya Wiranata; Eri Malindo; Alfian Malik; Robby Kumar
Unri Conference Series: Community Engagement Vol 3 (2021): Seminar Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/unricsce.3.602-610

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic that hit Indonesia had a significant impact on the industrial sector. One of them is the natural rubber industry which has experienced a decline due to export restrictions from natural rubber export destination countries. This has a direct impact on rubber farmers who suffer financial losses. The formation of a new natural rubber downstream industry for natural rubber modified asphalt is a solution to increase national rubber consumption without relying on exports. Therefore, the purpose of carrying out the asphalt title test based on natural rubber type crepe rubber is to evaluate technical feasibility and educate the public about using natural rubber for domestic needs. This service method consists of several stages: observing the absorption potential of natural rubber, analyzing technical feasibility, and evaluating the degree test of natural rubber modified asphalt. The degree test was carried out on the 10-meter road around the Faculty of Engineering, Riau University. The results of the degree test show that the modified asphalt raw material is based on crepe rubber, the asphalt sample marshall test that was held, and the core drill test meets the 2018 Highways standard. The degree test that has been carried out can educate the community and rubber farmers through APKARKUSI regarding natural rubber processing technology and compound making. Crepe rubber and the technology of making modified asphalt and applying modified asphalt for roads.
Upgrading Characteristics of Empty Fruit Bunch Biopellet with Addition of Bintaro Fruit as Co-firing Idral Amri; Aris Aprianto Cahyono; Bahruddin
Journal of Bioprocess, Chemical and Environmental Engineering Science Vol 2 No 2 (2021): Journal of Bioprocess, Chemical, and Environmental Engineering
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, UNRI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jbchees.3.1.1-8

Abstract

The low density of mass and energy are the main reason for the underutilization of great potential of Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) as a raw material of alternative and renewable fuels. The using of bintaro fruit as co-firing and treatment of torrefaction – densification processes were believed to increase the density of mass and energy of the EFB biopellet. This study aims to determine the effect of residence time, compaction pressure, and addition of bintaro fruit to the characteristics of EFB biopellet according to ISO 17225-6 standards. Biopellet manufacture was carried out two processes sequence, namely the torrefaction process and the densification process. The torrefaction process was carried out at 275oC with residence time variations 30, 45, and 60 minutes. The densification process was carried out without binder with compaction pressure variations 30, 40, and 50 bar. The addition of bintaro fruit was intended as co-firing of EFB at a ratio 70:30. The best characteristics of biopellet were obtained under conditions of 60 minutes residence time and 50 bar compaction pressures with 3.00% of moisture content, 7.90% of ash content, 8.70% of volatile content, 80.40% of fixed carbon content, 4719.59 cal/gr of heating value, and 1.28 gr/cm3 of density. Characteristics of moisture content and volatile content decreased while ash content, fixed carbon content, and heating value increased with increasing residence time. Characteristics of density increased with increasing compaction pressure. Characteristics of proximate and heating value increased while density properties of biopellet decreased with the addition of bintaro fruit as co-firing.
Penentuan Kadar Bleaching Earth dan Phosporic Acid Pada Proses Degumming dan Bleaching Crude Palm Oil Wira Irawan Rossani; Bahruddin; Amun Amri
Journal of Bioprocess, Chemical and Environmental Engineering Science Vol 2 No 2 (2021): Journal of Bioprocess, Chemical, and Environmental Engineering
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, UNRI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jbchees.3.1.1-14

Abstract

Oil from palm oil processing into crude palm oil generally still contains impurities, so it is necessary to carry out a physical refining process which includes pre-treatment and deodorization processes consisting of degumming and bleaching processes to remove gum and other impurity components. The purpose of this study was to determine the ratio of phosphoric acid in the degumming process using phosphoric acid and the bleaching process using bleaching earth on the quality of crude palm oil and degumm bleach palm oil. The degumming treatment used phosphoric acid with several concentrations, namely 0.5% and 1%, which was compared with the control using bleaching earth with the percentage of use 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2% (crude palm oil before degumming process and after degumming process). Analysis of crude palm oil quality includes free fatty acid (FFA), DOBI, peroxide value (BP), phosphorus content, water content, and iron content of crude palm oil and DBPO. The results of this study indicate that the process after degumming using phosphoric acid at a concentration of 0.5% produces ffa 2.01-3.30 %), DOBI (1.55-2.13), PV (0-1.64mg O2/100mg ), phosphorus (3.76-11.01 ppm), water content (0.21-0.43), iron content (0.17-0.54) . The degumming process using 1.0% phosphoric acid produces ffa 1.65-3.59 %), DOBI (1.68-1.91), PV (0-2.54mg O2/100mg), Phosphorus (2.24- 15.41ppm), water content (0.24-0.88), iron content (0.11-0.61). Which is effective for saving production costs in the treatment with 0.5% phosphoric acid concentration and the use of 1% bleaching earth.
Pengembangan Tahap Awal Industri Hilir Karet di Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi Bahruddin Ibrahim; Almasdi Syahza; Djaimi Bakce; Irdoni Irdoni; Said Zul Amraini; Ida Zahrina; Ivan Fadhillah; Arya Wiranata; Syoffinal Syoffinal
Prosiding Konferensi Nasional Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat dan Corporate Social Responsibility (PKM-CSR) Vol 3 (2020): Peran Perguruan Tinggi dan Dunia Usaha Dalam Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Untuk Menyongsong
Publisher : Asosiasi Sinergi Pengabdi dan Pemberdaya Indonesia (ASPPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (252.629 KB) | DOI: 10.37695/pkmcsr.v3i0.845

Abstract

Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi merupakan daerah produsen komoditi karet alam terbesar di Provinsi Riau. Sejumlah besar gabungan kelompok tani (GAPOKTAN) karet di beberapa desa dan didukung oleh pemerintah daerah sudah membentuk Asosiasi Petani Karet Kuantan Singingi (APKARKUSI), untuk melakukan pengendalian kualitas dan pelelangan bahan olah karet (bokar). Asosiasi ini juga berencana akan mengembangkan industri hilir berbahan baku utama bokar. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk melakukan persiapan awal terkait dengan rencana pengembangan produk hilir karet tersebut. Kegiatan tahap awal ini meliputi penentuan kualitas bokar dari petani yang berafiliasi dengan APKARKUSI, jenis produk hilir karet tahap awal dan perencanaan tata letak mesin dan sarana produksinya, dan spesifikasi yang diinginkan pasar dari produk sandal karet sebagai salah satu jenis produk hilir karet yang akan dikembangkan. Kualitas bokar yang dikelola oleh APKARKUSI relatif sangat baik (yaitu dengan kadar karet kering berkisar 60-65 %). Jenis produk hilir karet yang siap diproduksi adalah brown crepe rubber, dimana kinerja proses produksinya masih perlu dioptimalkan. Spesifikasi produk sandal karet yang akan diproduksi bersifat dinamis, yaitu dengan mempertimbangkan faktor model, kualitas, kenyamanan dan harga. Untuk proses produksinya, perlu merujuk kepada tata letak mesin dan sarana produksi yang dapat menhasilkan kinerja yang efektif dan efisien.
Pembuatan Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) Dari Pelepah Kelapa Sawit Razita Hariani; Adhy Prayitno; Bahruddin Bahruddin
Jurnal Sains dan Ilmu Terapan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2020): Juli : Jurnal Sains dan Ilmu Terapan
Publisher : Politeknik Kampar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (298.147 KB) | DOI: 10.59061/jsit.v3i1.13

Abstract

Pelepah kelapa sawit mempunyai kandungan selulosa sebesar 40,96%. Selulosa merupakan bahan baku utama sintesis karboksi metil selulosa (CMC). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi optimum sintesis CMC dari pelepah kelapa sawit menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Sintesis CMC terdiri dari dua tahap yaitu alkalisasi dan eterifikasi. Faktor yang diteliti pada penelitian ini adalah rasio Natrium Monokloroasetat (NaMCA) : selulosa, dan waktu eterifikasi. Respon yang dioptimasi pada CMC yang dihasilkan adalah derajat substitusi (DS), viskositas, pH dan kemurnian. Kondisi optimum sintesis CMC dari selulosa pelepah kelapa sawit didapatkan pada berat NaMCA 8 g dan waktu eterifikasi 4 jam. Hasil dari perhitungan RSM menunjukkan CMC dengan kondisi optimum memiliki nilai DS sebesar 0,81, viskositas 5,72 cP, pH 7,67 dan kemurnian 99,56% sedangkan uji verifikasi menunjukkan nilai DS sebesar 0,83, viscositas 5,81 cP, pH 7,56 and kemurnian 99,67%.
Biosurfactant Production from Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853 with Carbon Source from Crude Palm Oil for Oil Recovery Amraini, Said Zul; Muria, Sri Rezeki; Bahruddin, Bahruddin; HS, Irdoni; Artha, Ulfa Dwi; Susanto, Reno
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 10 No 1 (2022): Edition for May 2022
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2022.10-sai

Abstract

Biosurfactants are surfactants that are synthesized by microorganisms using organic materials and have biodegradable properties, making them environmentally friendly. One of the applications of biosurfactants in the recovery of petroleum. This study aims to determine the type of biosurfactant produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria using crude palm oil as the main carbon source, to determine the effect of variations in pH and CPO concentration on surface tension reduction and emulsification, and compare the best biosurfactant with surfactant synthesis. The production of biosurfactants has 3 stages, namely the bacterial preparation, the biosurfactant production, and the analysis in the form of surface tension, emulsification, crude oil removal, and FTIR. The best biosurfactant was obtained at pH 7 and a carbon source concentration of 3% v/v with surface tension and emulsification values ​​of 42.49 mN/m and 58%, respectively. The pH value and CPO concentration can affect the growth in the biosurfactant production process, thus also affecting the surface tension and emulsification values. The biosurfactants obtained were rhamnolipid biosurfactants. The biosurfactants produced in this study have lower crude oil recovery capabilities than synthetic surfactants with crude oil removal values ​​of 57.78% and 79.34%, respectively.
Co-Authors Ade Putra Ade Rahayu Putri Adhy Prayitno Adrianto Ahmad Adrianto Ahmad Adrianto Ahmad Adrianto Ahmad Adrianto Ahmad Adrianto Ahmad Adrianto Ahmad Ady Maulana Afrianti, Dwi Afrila Afrila Afrilianti, Azyarah Afrilla, Nurul Ahmad Fadli Ahmad Fadli Ahmad Riadi S Hasibuan Aidil Akbar Akbar, Anif Aulia Alfian Malik Almasdi Syahza Alumni STIKES Husada Borneo Ambtenarie Jessica Sihombing, Ambtenarie Jessica Aminuyati Amir Hamzah Amrizal Amrizal ' Amun Amri Andreas Sahat Parsaulian Andri Mulia Angelina Angelina Anugerah Rifaldi Aras Mulyadi Aris Aprianto Cahyono Artha, Ulfa Dwi Arya Wiranata Arya Wiranata Arya Wiranata Bramansyah Riswanda Briliantina Rossa Cindy Oktaviani Damayanti, Elok David Andrio Deliana, Putri DESI PURNAMA SARI Dewi Maya Sari Dian Anggraini Purba Dian Eka Indriani Djaimi Bakce Donny Kurniawan Dwifirman, Widya Edi Saputra Efriyeldi, Efriyeldi Ekawati, Lestari Endro Siswoko Eri Malindo Fachry Abda El Rahman Fadhila Nursyifa Fadli, A Fauzi, Subehan Firdaus Septiawan Fitra Annisa Gede Wibowo Gunawan Gunawan Hamsar Hamsar Handayani, K.H Sri Hara Novarisa Nanda Hasrul Hasrul Hendri, Zwilla Oktoriana Heni Sugesti Herlili Peronika Herry Novriansyah Hotnida Butar Butar HS, Irdoni. Ida Zahrina Idral Amri Idral Idral Irdoni HS Irdoni Irdoni Irdoni Irdoni Irdoni Irdoni Irdoni Irdoni Isra, Muhammad Ivan Fadhillah Ivan Fadhillah Jabosar Ronggur Hamonangan Panjaitan Jahrizal Khairat Khairat, Khairat Khairat, Khairat KRISTINA WIJAYA Liendra Juniarti Lita Darmayanti Lubis, Abdillah Lubis, Apriadi Luci Octaria Lusiana Sri Wahyuni M. Iwan Fermi Maradona Maradona Mariatul Qiftiah Melda Helena S Melly Anggraeni Mery Christina Meysara Meysara MS, Frasucia Aquaviva Muchlis Ade Putra Mudinillah, Adam Muhammad Anshar Muhammad Muhammad Muhammad Muhammad Muhammad Nasri Katman Muhammad Nur Muhammad Reza Muhammad Rivai Nadimisia, Tiara Dwisca Ni putu Vidya Primarista Nirwana Nirwana Nonot Suwarno Nopi Andri Musfa, Nopi Andri Novriyani, Vivi Nurazizah Nurazizah, Nurazizah Nurhidayah Nurhidayah Nurul Aini Thaibil Fadhly ojsadmin Oktaviani, Cindy Pakpahan, Cindy Peji Nopeles Puskesmas Guntung Payung R Firmansyah Rani Yuliantari Razita Hariani Rina Gunarti Rizky Sandy Harahap Robby Kumar Robby Kumar Romfis, Dio Rosmawati, Putri Roy Marthin Panjaitan Rozanna Sri Irianty RS Khusus Bedah Siaga Banjarmasin Russita Martani Russita Martani Septian, Septian Septiana Veronika S Septiana Veronika s, Septiana Veronika Shaleh, Idries Hamidi Siti Sakinah Sonny Wijaya Sri Helianty Sri Helianty Sri Rezeki Muria Sri Rezeki Muria STIKES Husada Borneo Sudirman Sudirman Sugesti, Heni Sumarno Sumarno Sunardjo SUSANTO, RENO Susanty, Wenny Suwondo Suwondo Syahwardini, Trisuciati Syamsu Herman Syarfi Daud Syarfi, Syarfi Syarfie, Syarfie Syelvia Putri Utami Syelvia Putri Utami Syelvia Putri Utami Syoffinal Syoffinal Thamrin Thamrin Toety Marliaty Trisuciati Syahwardini Trisuciati Syahwardini Trisuciati Syahwardini Umar Umar Ummy Aisyah Rochaeni Viodita Rizki Vivi Novriyani W, Ririen Wahyu Suci Rahmani Wahyu Suci Rahmani Wenny Susanty Wira Bima Stevent Sembiring Wira Irawan Rossani Wiranata, Arya Yanny Sartika Yelmida Azis Yoga Deswan Suwary Yoga Pratama Yogi Chandra Yolanda, Putri Gusti Yulia, Indri Yunus, Aulia Yusnila Halawa Zainal Abidin Zuchra Helwani Zul Amraini, Said Zuliarti, Indah Zultiniar Zultiniar Zultiniar, Zultiniar