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Inhibition Effects of Culture Filtrates and Volatile Compounds of Antagonistic Microbes Isolated from Vermicompos and Compost Teas on the Growth of Alternaria solani Sor. in Vitro Istifadah, Noor; Septiandini, Adelia; Hartati, Sri; Widiantini, Fitri
CROPSAVER Vol 5, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v5i2.43278

Abstract

Alternaria solani Sor. is one of destructive pathogens in solanaceous plants including tomato. Bacteria and yeast isolated from water extract of organic matters are potential as biological control agents of plant pathogenic fungi. Mechanisms of antagonism of bacteria and yeast can be through antibiosis. This study was conducted to examine the abilities of culture filtrate and volatile compounds produced by antagonistic bacteria and yeast isolated from compost and vermicompost teas to inhibit the growth of A. solani in vitro. The experiments were arranged in randomized complete design with four replications. The culture filtrate experiment applied well diffusion method, while the volatile compound effect experiment used petri dish sandwich method. The results showed that the culture filtrates of four bacteria and three yeast isolates inhibited the growth of A. solani in vitro by 16.6-87.5%. The highest inhibition level was showed by KSB4 isolate (Bacillus subtilis), a bacterial isolate from cow manure compost tea. In the volatile compound effect experiment, the tested bacteria and yeast isolates inhibited the pathogen growth by 31.3-75.2%, with the highest inhibition was showed by KcB3, a bacterial isolate from vermicompost tea. The isolate that its culture filtrate and volatile compounds both showed high inhibition level (62.7% and 87.5%) on A. solani growth was KSB4 isolate (B. subtilis).
Capability of Three Yeast Species in Suppressing Green Mold (Penicillium digitatum) on Siam Citrus Fruit (Citrus nobilis) Hartati, Sri; Utari, Elinda Dwi; Rasiska, Siska; Istifadah, Noor
CROPSAVER Vol 5, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v5i2.42173

Abstract

Green mold is one of the main diseases in citrus fruits caused by Penicillium digitatum. One of the managements that can be used to control this disease is by using yeasts as antagonistic agents. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of yeast to suppress Green mold caused by P. digitatum in siam citrus (Citrus nobilis Lour.). The study was conducted using a completely randomized design. The treatments were the application of yeast, consisting of Aureobasidium pullulans isolate Dmg 11 DEP, Rhodotorula minuta isolate Dmg 16 BE, Candida tropicalis isolate Lm 13 BE, fungicide benomyl, and control. The results showed that A. pullulans isolate Dmg 11 DEP, C. tropicalis isolate Lm 13 BE, and R. minuta isolate Dmg 16 BE were able to suppress the growth of P. digitatum in vitro on dual culture method, with suppression levels ranged from 14.64%-21.02%. The greatest suppression was caused by R. minuta isolate Dmg 16 BE. The formation of volatile compounds test results were ranged from 14.51%-34%, and the highest suppression was on C. tropicalis isolate Lm 13 BE. Application of the yeasts on siam citrus fruit was able to reduce the pathogen’s growth, and the suppressions were 28.87% to 68.72%. R. minuta isolate Dmg 16 BE caused the highest suppression.
Toksisitas Minyak Biji Azadirachta indica A. Juss Dengan Bahan Sinergis Sesamum indicum L. Terhadap Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith Maulana, Raihan Rahmat; Dono, Danar; Istifadah, Noor
Agrimasta Vol 3, No 1 (2025): November
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/agrimasta.v3i1.68282

Abstract

Spodoptera frugiperda adalah hama pada tanaman jagung yang dapat mengakibatkan kerugian yang besar bagi para petani jagung. Minyak biji nimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) dapat digunakan sebagai insektisida nabati karena memiliki salah satu senyawa yang bersifat toksik. Minyak wiijen (Sesamum indicum L.) diketahui dapat meningkatkan keefektifan suatu insektisida karena salah satu senyawa yang bersifat sinergis yaitu sesamin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh toksik campuran minyak biji nimba dan minyak wijen terhadap larva S. frugiperda dan mengkaji sifat sinergis minyak wijen terhadap minyak biji nimba. Penelitian ini terdiri dari uji toksisitas menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 6 perlakuan 4 kali ulangan dan dilanjutkan dengan analisis sifat campuran. Uji toksisitas dilakukan dengan menggunakan minyak biji nimba tunggal dan campuran minyak biji nimba dengan minyak wijen,  konsentrasi minyak biji nimba tunggal yang digunakan sebesar 0,5%; 0,9%; 1,7%; 3,2%; 6%; dan Kontrol, lalu konsentrasi campuran minyak biji nimba dengan minyak wijen 0,5%; 0,8%; 1,4%; 2,4%; 4%; dengan perbandingan 1:1. Hasil uji toksisitas menunjukkan campuran minyak bersifat toksik dengan LC50 dan LC95 masing-masing sebesar 1,102% dan 2,416% pada 16 Hari Setelah Perlakuan (HSP). Campuran minyak biji nimba dengan minyak wijen dapat memberikan dampak lebih baik dalam menimbulkan mortalitas pada hama S.frugiperda. Hasil analisis sifat campuran minyak biji nimba dengan minyak wijen mendapatkan nilai nisbah sinergistik 2,402, dari hasil tersebut menunjukkan minyak wijen dapat bersinergis dengan minyak biji nimba.
Kombinasi Mikrob Antagonis dan Air Rendaman Kompos untuk Menekan Penyakit Bercak Cokelat pada Daun Tomat Istifadah, Noor; Muslim, Azis; Widiantini, Fitri; Hartati, Sri
Jurnal Agrikultura Vol 36, No 3 (2025): Desember, 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/agrikultura.v36i3.68219

Abstract

Penyakit bercak cokelat yang disebabkan jamur Alternaria solani merupakan salah satu kendala dalam budidaya tanaman tomat. Pengendalian penyakit secara ramah lingkungan dapat dilakukan melalui aplikasi mikrob pengendali penyakit dan penggunaan bahan organik. Artikel ini membahas hasil penelitian yang mengevaluasi efek pencampuran mikrob antagonis (isolat bakteri dan khamir) serta kombinasi mikrob dengan air rendaman kompos terhadap kemampuannya dalam menekan penyakit bercak cokelat pada daun tomat. Selain pengujian pada tanaman tomat, dilakukan juga percobaan secara in vitro untuk mengevaluasi kompatibilitas dan pengaruh campuran mikrob terhadap kemampuannya dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur A. solani. Percobaan secara in vitro menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan lima ulangan, sedangkan percobaan pada tanaman tomat menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa bakteri isolat KSB4 (Bacilus subtilis) dan khamir isolat KDK11 asal air rendaman kompos bersifat kompatibel dan dapat menghambat pertumbuhan jamur A. solani secara in vitro sebesar 57,50%-65,23%. Kemampuan isolat mikrob secara tunggal atau campurannya tidak berbeda secara nyata. Aplikasi isolat mikrob antagonis secara tunggal, campuran, air rendaman kompos maupun kombinasinya dapat menekan penyakit bercak cokelat pada tanaman tomat sebesar 78,77%-97,12%.  Pencampuran isolat mikrob antagonis atau kombinasi mikrob antagonis dengan air rendaman kompos tidak menghasilkan penekanan penyakit bercak coklat yang lebih baik daripada perlakuan secara tunggalnya.
Chitosan NPs. and Nano Anredera cordifolia Leaf Extract Suppressed the in vitro Growth of Colletotrichum sp. and Anthracnose on Shallot Hersanti, Hersanti; Rahadian, Andara Melati; Hidayat, Yusup; Istifadah, Noor
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 48, No 3 (2026): October 2026 (IN PRESS)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v48i3.4758

Abstract

Anthracnose disease, caused by Colletotrichum sp., may cause over 50% yield loss on shallot. Effective and sustainable control methods using plant-based fungicides, developed with advanced technology like nanotechnology, seem promising. This study was objected to evaluate the effectiveness and determine the effective concentration of nano binahong leaf extract (Anredera cordifolia) combined with chitosan nano particles (chitosan  NPs.) in controlling the in vitro growth of Colletotrichum sp. and reducing anthracnose disease on shallot plants. The in vitro experiment was arranged in the completely randomized design, while the in vivo in the randomized complete block design, with nine treatments and three replications. The treatments were application of the formulation included a control, chitosan NP.s (250-750 ppm), nano binahong leaf extract (500-1000 ppm), their combinations, 1% acetic acid, and 80% mancozeb. The results indicated that applications of chitosan NPs., both alone and in combination with nano binahong leaf extract, were effective in suppressing the in vitro growth of Colletotrichum sp. The most effective treatment, nano chitosan 500 ppm combined with nano binahong leaf extract 250 ppm, reduced anthracnose disease on shallots by 66%, equal to the application of mancozeb.