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SUSI LESTARI
Jurusan Teknologi Hasil Perikanan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sriwijaya, Indralaya, Ogan Ilir 30662 Sumatera Selatan Telp./Fax. (0711) 580934
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Journal : JOURNAL OF APPLIED INFORMATICS AND COMPUTING

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Aircraft Image Classification on a Small-Scale Dataset using MobileNetV2 with Grad-CAM as Explainable AI Lestari, Susi; Dzulfiqar, Mohamad Alif; Lubis, Ahmadi Irmansyah; Nova, Muhammad Andi; Zaimah, Zaimah; Mulyadi, Mulyadi
Journal of Applied Informatics and Computing Vol. 9 No. 5 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Batam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30871/jaic.v9i5.10546

Abstract

This study explores aircraft image classification using MobileNetV2 combined with Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM) for model interpretability. A dataset of 1,500 balanced images—helicopters, propeller aircraft, and jets—was split into training, validation, and testing sets with data augmentation to reduce overfitting. Transfer learning with pre-trained MobileNetV2 achieved an accuracy of 87.56%, with macro-average precision and recall of 85.76% and 87.69%. Grad-CAM visualizations confirmed that correct predictions relied on distinctive features such as rotor blades, propellers, and engines, while misclassifications often stemmed from background distractions or less discriminative areas. These findings demonstrate the potential of lightweight architectures for small-scale datasets and highlight the value of Explainable AI in validating deep learning models. The study provides a practical reference for educational contexts and offers directions for future work with larger datasets.
Co-Authors Abid, Syaiful Agapa, Ancelince Agus Mualim Agus Supriadi Ahmad Ripai Andini, Jesicha Anna Ida Sunaryo Purwiyanto Ariyanto, Januar Arum Surya Utami Asmawati, Hardini Anna Astutik, Eftya Ningrum Dwi Wahyu Astutik, Eftyaningrum Dwi Azissah, Danur Cris Kuntadi Deliana , Deliana Demetaouw, Novalin Dian Nugroho, Gama Diani Aliansy Dolvy, Dolly Dwi Inda Sari, Dwi Inda Dzulfiqar, Mohamad Alif Eftyaningrum Dwi Wahyu Astutik Endah Purwanti Handayani Fakhri Inayati Said, Fathia Fatchan Achyani Hanifah, Anggini Harlinda Widia Putri Harsono Harsono Hasanah, Kusmawati hasnia hasnia, Hasnia Herpandi . Indah Widiastuti Irianti, Oktavia Syam Itlay, Ona Kartiwa, Tasya Oktaviani Khairunisa, Miska Kriska, Kriska Kurniawan Kurniawan Laila Hayati Leo Aldianto Lestari, Tyan Febriyani Lubis, Ahmadi Irmansyah Makualaina, Fenska Narly mansawan, frida Minsih Mukhlis Mukhlis Mulyadi Mulyadi Murwati Murwati Nasrianti, Nasrianti Natalia Lisma Br Sembiring Nopeliana, Nopeliana Nova, Muhammad Andi Novita Rahmawati, Novita Nugroho, Gama Dian Nurfadilah, Siski Nurhijrahen, Pranita Kartika Candra Nurhilmi, Nurhilmi Pranita Kartika Candra Nurhijraheni Priutami, Dionesia Puspa Ayu Pitayati Putri, Harlinda. W Putri, Herlinda W. Putu Rika Permana, I Gusti Rachmawati, Siti Hanggita Rahmawati, Yustika Ratna Yulistyaningisih Ratnasari Ratnasari Ridhowati, Sherly Rinto Rinto Rodiana Nopianti Sadiah, Nurhalimatul Saifudin, Muhammad Fakhri Saldianti, Siti Salla, Nirani Satria Rio Sandro SG, Hardiman Shanti Dwita Lestari Sitanggang, Hotmauli BR. Siti Hanggita Rachmawati J Siti Nurjanah Sobolim, Heni Sripatmi Surahman, Feri Surdin, Iskandar Suyoto Suyoto Tiyan Febriyani Lestari Viania, Wiwit Wamu, Alin Wandik, Temide Wiwit Vitania Wulandari Wulandari Yovitaro Noviana N Yunindyawati Yunindyawati Yustika Rahmawati Pratami Zaimah, Zaimah Zen, Azizah