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SUSI LESTARI
Jurusan Teknologi Hasil Perikanan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sriwijaya, Indralaya, Ogan Ilir 30662 Sumatera Selatan Telp./Fax. (0711) 580934
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Journal : JOURNAL OF APPLIED INFORMATICS AND COMPUTING

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Aircraft Image Classification on a Small-Scale Dataset using MobileNetV2 with Grad-CAM as Explainable AI Lestari, Susi; Dzulfiqar, Mohamad Alif; Lubis, Ahmadi Irmansyah; Nova, Muhammad Andi; Zaimah, Zaimah; Mulyadi, Mulyadi
Journal of Applied Informatics and Computing Vol. 9 No. 5 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Batam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30871/jaic.v9i5.10546

Abstract

This study explores aircraft image classification using MobileNetV2 combined with Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM) for model interpretability. A dataset of 1,500 balanced images—helicopters, propeller aircraft, and jets—was split into training, validation, and testing sets with data augmentation to reduce overfitting. Transfer learning with pre-trained MobileNetV2 achieved an accuracy of 87.56%, with macro-average precision and recall of 85.76% and 87.69%. Grad-CAM visualizations confirmed that correct predictions relied on distinctive features such as rotor blades, propellers, and engines, while misclassifications often stemmed from background distractions or less discriminative areas. These findings demonstrate the potential of lightweight architectures for small-scale datasets and highlight the value of Explainable AI in validating deep learning models. The study provides a practical reference for educational contexts and offers directions for future work with larger datasets.
Co-Authors Abid, Syaiful Agapa, Ancelince Agus Mualim Agus Supriadi Ahmad Ripai Ahmadi Irmansyah Lubis Andini, Jesicha Anna Ida Sunaryo Purwiyanto Arum Surya Utami Asmawati, Hardini Anna Astutik, Eftya Ningrum Dwi Wahyu Astutik, Eftyaningrum D W Astutik, Eftyaningrum Dwi Azissah, Danur Cris Kuntadi Deliana , Deliana Deliana, Deliana Demetaouw, Novalin Dewita Puspawati Dian Nugroho, Gama Diani Aliansy Dinge, Fenny Dolvy, Dolly Dwi Inda Sari, Dwi Inda Eftyaningrum Dwi Wahyu Astutik Endah Purwanti Handayani Erni Purbiyanti, Erni Fakhri Inayati Said, Fathia Fatchan Achyani Ferdinand Hukama Taqwa Fretes, Rachel De Hanifah, Anggini Harlinda Widia Putri Harsono Harsono Hasanah, Kusmawati Hasnia Hasnia hasnia, Hasnia Heppy Purbasari Herpandi . Indah Widiastuti INDRAWATI, SRI WAHYU Irianti, Oktavia Syam Itlay, Ona Januar Ariyanto Januarti, Putri Amelia Jerry Antonio Kartiwa, Tasya Oktaviani Khairunisa, Miska Kiswanto, Rahmat Haryadi Kriska, Kriska Kurniawan Kurniawan Laila Hayati Leo Aldianto Lestari, Tiyan Febriani Lestari, Tyan Febriyani Makualaina, Fenska Narly mansawan, frida Mindaryani, Yustri Minsih Mochamad Syaifudin, Mochamad Mohamad Alif Dzulfiqar Muhammad Andi Nova Mukhlis Mukhlis Mulyadi Mulyadi Murwati Murwati Napitupulu, Ilham Hidayah Narianti, Narianti Nasrianti, Nasrianti Natalia Lisma Br Sembiring Nisai Muslihah, Nur Nopeliana, Nopeliana Novita Rahmawati, Novita Nugroho , Gama Dian Nugroho, Gama Dian Nurfadilah, Siski Nurhijrahen, Pranita Kartika Candra Nurhilmi, Nurhilmi Palino, Keryn Amanda Patmawati Hasan Pranita Kartika Candra Nurhijraheni Pratimi, Yustika Rahmawati Pratiwi, Ketut Priutami, Dionesia Puspa Ayu Pitayati Putra, Alhadi Yan Putri, Harlinda. W Putri, Herlinda W. Putu Rika Permana, I Gusti Rachmawati, Siti Hanggita Rahmawati, Yustika Ratna Yulistyaningisih Ratnasari Ratnasari Ridhowati, Sherly Rinto Rinto Ritonga, Utan Sahiro Ritongga, Utan Sahiro Rodiana Nopianti Sadiah, Nurhalimatul Saifudin, Muhammad Fakhri Saldianti, Siti Salla, Nirani Sari, Serly Novita Satria Rio Sandro SG, Hardiman Shanti Dwita Lestari Sitanggang, Hotmauli BR. Siti Hanggita Rachmawati J Siti Nurjanah Sobolim, Heni Sripatmi Surahman, Feri Surdin, Iskandar Suyoto Suyoto Tiyan Febriyani Lestari Utami, Fetty Satu Ryan Viania, Wiwit Wamu, Alin Wandik, Temide Widyastuti, Choiriyah Wiwit Vitania Wulandari Wulandari Yovitaro Noviana N Yulia Sari Yunindyawati Yunindyawati Yustika Rahmawati Pratami Zaimah, Zaimah Zen, Azizah