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Kajian Lafaz 'Ām dan Khāṣ dalam Ushul Fikih serta Implikasinya terhadap Penetapan Hukum Islam Musliadi; Abdul Syatar; Fatmawati
AHKAM Vol 5 No 3 (2026): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : Lembaga Yasin AlSys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ahkam.v5i3.11261

Abstract

Although the concepts of ‘ām and khāṣ expressions have been widely discussed in the literature on Ushul Fiqh, studies comprehensively analyzing their implications for the process of Islamic legal determination remain relatively limited. This study aimed to analyze the concepts of ‘ām and khāṣ expressions, the forms of their use in the texts of the Qur’an and Hadith, and their implications for the process of Islamic legal istinbāṭ. The study employed a qualitative approach using library research. Data were obtained through a documentation study of Ushul Fiqh texts, Qur’anic exegesis texts, books, and relevant scholarly journal articles and were subsequently analyzed using descriptive-analytical and content analysis methods. The findings showed that ‘ām expressions contain a general scope of legal application, whereas khāṣ expressions restrict the applicability of a law to certain objects, individuals, or conditions. The mechanism of takhṣīṣ serves to restrict the generality of an expression, thereby producing a more precise and proportional legal interpretation that is aligned with the objectives of Sharia. Understanding the relationship among ‘ām, khāṣ, and takhṣīṣ expressions also has important implications for the consistency and accuracy of the process of Islamic legal istinbāṭ. This study concludes that mastery of linguistic principles concerning general and specific expressions is an essential element in determining Islamic law methodologically. These findings contribute to the development of Ushul Fiqh studies, particularly by strengthening the methodology of Islamic legal determination based on linguistic analysis of Sharia sources. Keywords: Ushul Fiqh; ‘Ām Expressions; Khāṣ Expressions; Takhṣīṣ; Legal Istinbāṭ
Retorika Dakwah di kelurahan Tassililu kec. Sinjai Barat Dalam Mencegah Radikalisme Musliadi Musliadi; R. Firdaus Wahyudi
INKAMKU : Integrasi Akademisi dan Masyarakat yang Berkualitas Vol 2 No 2 (2023): INKAMKU : Journal of Community Service
Publisher : Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Komunikasi Islam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47435/inkamku.v2i1.2198

Abstract

Da'wah rhetoric is the art of conveying da'wah messages, this art aims so that the messages conveyed by the preacher can be well received by listeners in an effort to prevent radicalism in Tassililu village, especially to youth or mosque youth, da'wah rhetoric training activities are certainly an alternative that can be done so that young people or young people in the mosque can understand and accept sentences or da'wah messages conveyed by a da'i so that later when they grow up they can distinguish between sentences that can lead to actions that contain elements of radicalism. The method used Delivery of material and discussion and practice. The attitude of the youth of the mosque when carrying out preaching practices, the smooth process of communication in preaching, is a method used by humans in an effort to share meaning through the transmission of symbolic messages which is very important.
PENYULUHAN AGAMA TENTANG ”PERNIKAHAN DINI TERHADAP PSIKOLIGI ANAK” nuraisyah kartini; Musliadi
INKAMKU : Integrasi Akademisi dan Masyarakat yang Berkualitas Vol 3 No 1 (2024): INKAMKU : Journal of Community Service
Publisher : Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Komunikasi Islam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47435/inkamku.v3i1.2736

Abstract

Penyuluhan mengenai pernikahan dini membahas tentang perkawinan yang melibatkan pasangan remaja di bawah usia yang dianggap wajar. Praktik pernikahan dini seringkali menyebabkan masalah seperti kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, perceraian, kemiskinan, stunting, penyalahgunaan budaya, dan dampak negatif lainnya. Tujuan utama penyuluhan ini adalah untuk mengurangi angka pernikahan dini dan stunting di Desa Gantarang, Kecamatan Sinjai Tengah, Kabupaten Sinjai. Sasaran utama kegiatan ini adalah masyarakat, terutama remaja yang berisiko tinggi terlibat dalam pernikahan dini. Metode yang digunakan mencakup observasi, penyuluhan, dan dokumentasi. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat sasaran memberikan respons yang positif terhadap kegiatan ini dan aktif terlibat dalam pelaksanaannya. Harapannya, hal ini dapat meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat mengenai dampak negatif dari pernikahan dini dan stunting, sehingga diharapkan dapat menghindari praktik tersebut.
Pembinaan TK/TPA didesa gantarang Kec sinjai tengah kab sinjai asriani muh. yunus; musliadi
INKAMKU : Integrasi Akademisi dan Masyarakat yang Berkualitas Vol 3 No 2 (2024): INKAMKU : Journal of Community Service
Publisher : Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Komunikasi Islam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47435/inkamku.v3i2.2742

Abstract

Abstrak Membaca dan memahami Al-Qur’an sangatlah penting bagi umat Islam karena Al-Qur’an merupakan sumber utama umat Islam dalam menjalankan kehidupan sehari-hari. Namun jika dilihat dari kemampuan membaca dan memahami Al-Qur’an, hasilnya akan berbeda-beda. Mengingat pentingnya pendidikan Al-Qur’an, maka adanya TK/TPA sebagai wadah untuk belajar dan oleh karena itu perlunya Pembina ataupun orang tua untuk memastikan setiap anak dapat membaca dan menulis Al-Qur’an dengan benar, kemudian mengimplementasikan isinya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Sehingga dalam hal ini penulis melakukan penelitian yaitu pembinaan TK/TPA di desa Gantarang. Pelaksanaan pembinaan ini penulis menggunakan metode deskriptif yaitu menjelaskan dan menggambarkan secara spesifik berdasarkan kegiatan yang dilakukan melalui pengajaran. Hasil dari pembinaan ini, anak-anak dapat memahami dan membaca Al-Qur’an dengan baik dan benar serta anak-anak semakin rajin dan lancar dalam membaca Al-Qur’an.
JUDICIAL REASONING AND DISPARITY IN ISLAMIC FAMILY LAW: A MAQĀṢID-BASED ANALYSIS OF POST-DIVORCE MAINTENANCE AND CHILD CUSTODY Musliadi, Musliadi; Kurniati, Kurniati; Mustafa, Zulhasari; Haque, Muhammad Faizul
al-Mawarid Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum (JSYH) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): al-Mawarid Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum (JSYH)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/mawarid.vol8.iss2.art9

Abstract

Purpose – This study aims to analyse judicial disparities in determining post-divorce maintenance and ḥaḍānah (child custody) from the perspective of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah by comparing Decision of the Yogyakarta Religious Court No. 348/Pdt.G/2021/PA.YK and the Decision of the Jepara Religious Court No. 1492/Pdt.G/2021/PA.Jepr. Method – This study employed a normative legal research method using case, statutory, and conceptual approaches. The two decisions are comparatively analysed to identify differences in the application of legal norms, construction of facts, assessment of evidence, and judicial reasoning in determining post-divorce maintenance and ḥaḍānah, with maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah serving as an evaluative framework for assessing the justice and welfare achieved through the decisions. Findings – The study finds that judicial disparity is reflected not only in differences in the rulings concerning post-divorce maintenance and ḥaḍānah, but also in the construction of facts, interpretation of legal norms, assessment of evidence, and weighting of the interests of the parties. Judges assign different weights to parents’ economic capacity, caregiving circumstances, continuity of the child’s living arrangements, and the child’s material and psychological needs. These differences demonstrate that judicial discretion plays an important role in contextualising legal norms according to concrete circumstances while simultaneously creating potential for inconsistency when not accompanied by clear reasoning parameters. From the perspective of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, variations in judicial outcomes may be justified when oriented toward maṣlaḥah and the protection of lineage, life, intellect, and property. Conversely, disparities unsupported by material facts and adequate reasoning may undermine legal certainty and protect women and children’s rights. Contribution/Limitations – This study offers a maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah-based evaluative framework to distinguish legitimate judicial variation from problematic disparities in cases concerning post-divorce maintenance and ḥaḍānah. Its limitation lies in the use of only two judicial decisions as the primary cases, which limits the generalisability of the findings to Religious Court practices across Indonesia. Value/Originality – The originality of this study lies in integrating maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, judicial reasoning, and the best interests of the child principle to analyse judicial disparity. This approach shifts the focus from differences in judicial outcomes alone to evaluating the quality and legitimacy of judicial reasoning in realising substantive justice.