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All Journal e-CliniC JURNAL BIOMEDIK Damianus Journal of Medicine Narra J
Nurdjannah J. Niode
Universitas Sam Ratulangi
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Dual anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects of stingless bee propolis on second-degree burns Manginstar, Christian O.; Tallei, Trina E.; Salaki, Christina L.; Niode, Nurdjannah J.; Jaya, Hendra K.
Narra J Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v5i1.2359

Abstract

Propolis, a natural resinous product from stingless bees, is widely recognized for its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. However, its combined effects in addressing both inflammation and infection in second-degree burns have remained insufficiently explored. The study aimed to investigate the dual role of propolis in modulating inflammation and preventing bacterial infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a second-degree burn model. Propolis was collected from stingless bees in Gowa, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, and extracted using methanol. Second-degree burns were induced in male Rattus norvegicus, which were then divided into three groups: one treated with propolis, another silver sulfadiazine (positive control), and third with NaCl (negative control). After seven days of treatment, the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) proteins in wound samples was analyzed using immunohistochemistry. The antimicrobial activity of the propolis extract was assessed using the disc diffusion assay, followed by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) testing. Network pharmacology analysis was also conducted to assess the anti-inflammatory activity of propolis. Results showed that propolis significantly reduced TNF-α expression and increased VEGF expression, which might enhance VEGF-mediated angiogenesis, leading to improved wound healing compared to controls. The antimicrobial tests demonstrated strong activity against MRSA and P. aeruginosa, with inhibition zones correlating with higher extract concentrations. The MIC value of the propolis extract was 198.66 µg/µL against MRSA and 212.06 µg/µL against P. aeruginosa. Network pharmacology analysis revealed key proteins, including Jun proto-oncogene (JUN), estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src (SRC), involved in the regulation of TNF-α and VEGF, further supporting the synergistic effects of propolis. This study demonstrates that stingless bee propolis effectively promotes tissue regeneration and prevents infection in second-degree burns, highlighting its potential as an alternative to conventional treatments for wound care.
Co-Authors Adji, Aryani Alson . Sambonu, Alson . Baguna, Tirsa Christina Salaki Dwi H. Danardono, Dwi H. Dwi Y.F. Isa, Dwi Y.F. Earlia, Nanda Fatimawali . Ferra O. Mawu, Ferra O. Grace M. Kapantow Gunawan, Ellen Herry E. J. Pandaleke Herry E.J. Pandaleke, Herry E.J. Herry E.J. Pandeleke, Herry E.J. Hizir Sofyan Idroes, Ghazi M. Jaya, Hendra K. Julian Jonathan, Julian Kairupan, Tara S. Kapantouw, Grace M. Kawengian, Shirley ES. Lorettha Wijaya Maharani, Ayu Mamuaja, Enricco H. Manginstar, Christian O. Marlyn G. Kapantow Marthen C. P. Wongkar, Marthen C. P. Maulana, Aga Maulydia, Nur B. Mellyanawati Mellyanawati Mikyal Bulqiah, Mikyal Muhammad Subianto Nana N. Jayadi, Nana N. Niken Ernaningtyas, Niken Nova Hellen Kapantow Noviandy, Teuku R. Palimbong, Florencia Pandjaitan, Marini C. Pieter L. Suling Preisy G. I. Tampi, Preisy G. I. Pusung, Andreas V. Putri, Devita Rinaldi Idroes Rotty, Linda WA. Siahaan, Romauli E. Silvia Nathalia Stella R. Nelwan Suhendra, Rivansyah Susanti, Ratna I. Thigita A. Pandaleke Trina E. Tallei, Trina E. Tumilaar, Jibrando Wibawa, Anthony S. Wungouw, Herlina IS. Yulianty Sanggelorang