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All Journal Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Buletin Agrohorti Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Pelita Perkebunan Jurnal Penelitian Karet Journal of Regional and Rural Development Planning Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Journal of Tropical Crop Science Buletin Palma
Supijatno
Departemen Agronomi Dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB University), Jl. Meranti, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Environmental Science Social Sciences

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Portable Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Support Vector Regression for Fast Quality Evaluation of Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia) Widyaningrum Widyaningrum; Yohanes Aris Purwanto; Slamet Widodo; Supijatno Supijatno; Evi Savitri Iriani
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 14, No 2 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v14i2.515-526

Abstract

Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia) is a high-value agricultural product, with its quality influenced by essential factors such as moisture and vanillin content. Conventional techniques for evaluating these characteristics are inefficient, require sample destruction, and are impractical for swift assessments. This research explores the feasibility of using portable Near-Infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with Support Vector Regression (SVR) to enable quick and noninvasive property prediction. Spectral information was obtained from vanilla samples using two portable NIR instruments, SCiO (740–1070 nm) and Neospectra (1350 2550 nm). Preprocessing techniques such as normalization, SNV, MSC, first derivative, first derivative-SNV, and first derivative-MSC were applied. For moisture content prediction, SCiO achieved an R² of 0.768, an RMSE of 4.720%, an RPD of 2.075 and an RER 10.197 using Min-Max normalization, while Neospectra yielded an R² of 0.758, an RMSE of 5.161%, an RPD of 2.033 and an RER 9.325 with MSC preprocessing. In contrast, predicting vanillin concentration proved more challenging, with SCiO achieving moderate accuracy with an R² 0.406, an RMSE 0.379%, an RPD 1.297, an RER 5.039, and Neospectra demonstrating limited performance with an R² 0.172, an RMSE 0.576%, an RPD 1.098 and an RER 3.315. These findings highlight the potential of portable NIR spectroscopy as a practical tool for assessing vanilla quality, particularly for moisture content, in industrial and field applications. Keywords: Moisture content, Portable NIR spectroscopy, Support vector regression, Vanilla planifolia, Vanillin content.
Manajemen Tenaga Kerja Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) di Kebun Cikasungka, Banten Mulyawan, Zidane; Ahmad Junaedi; Supijatno, Supijatno
Buletin Agrohorti Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): Buletin Agrohorti
Publisher : Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/agrob.v13i1.60702

Abstract

Kelapa sawit merupakan sumber devisa terbesar Indonesia dari sub sektor perkebunan. Manajemen tenaga kerja yang baik di perkebunan kelapa sawit sangat penting dilakukan agar perusahaan mampu mencapai produktivitas tinggi secara berkualitas dan berkelanjutan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Cikasungka pada bulan Februari sampai Juni 2023. Penelitian bertujuan mendapatkan pengalaman dan kompetensi tentang pengelolaan tenaga kerja di perkebunan kelapa sawit. Pengamatan dan penghimpunan data difokuskan pada manajemen tenaga kerja meliputi pengorganisasian tenaga kerja, prestasi kerja, disiplin dan kualitas kerja, dan penerapan Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO). Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis secara menggunakan uji t-student pada taraf 5% dan uji korelasi Rank Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tenaga kerja Kebun Cikasungka telah bekerja secara disiplin dengan kualitas kerja yang baik. Pihak manajemen Kebun Cikasungka telah menerapkan aspek berkelanjutan dan tanggung jawab terhadap pekerja dengan baik. Kata kunci: disiplin kerja, ISPO, kualitas kerja, prestasi kerja
Analisis Pengelolaan Pemupukan Tanaman Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.) Sebagai Bagian Dari Best Management Practices Di Kebun Mesuji Adrian, Fahrul; Supijatno; Junaedi, Ahmad
Buletin Agrohorti Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): Buletin Agrohorti
Publisher : Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/agrob.v13i1.60817

Abstract

Kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) merupakan tanaman berumur panjang sehingga kemampuan lahan dalam menyediakan unsur hara menjadi suatu kebutuhan yang penting. Manajemen pemupukan di lapangan harus dilakukan secara optimal untuk mencapai pemupukan yang efisien dan efektif sesuai jenis pupuk, dosis, waktu, cara aplikasi, serta pengawasan pemupukan yang lebih tepat. BMP atau praktik pengelolaan terbaik adalah tindakan agronomis untuk menemukan teknik terefektif agar perbedaan produksi aktual dengan potensinya berkurang serta menekan dampak terhadap lingkungan dengan memakai sumber daya produksi secara efisien. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Mesuji, dari bulan Februari hingga Juni 2023. Penelitian bertujuan mempelajari pemupukan kelapa sawit, serta menguraikan perbandingan pengelolaan pemupukan kebun yang dikelola secara komersial dan kebun yang dikelola dengan praktik Best Management Practices. Pengamatan yang dilakukan yaitu pada rekomendasi dan realisasi Pemupukan, ketepatan pemupukan, dan data produksi. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji t-student. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan BMP dan standar tidak menunjukkan perbedaan dalam hasil maupun input pemupukan. Untuk hasil pada blok BMP dan standar tidak berbeda nyata dan belum terlihat secara signifikan karena input masih sama, mengingat praktik BMP di kebun Mesuji baru dilakukan dalam rentang 2 tahun terakhir. Kata kunci: decanter solid, efisiensi pemupukan, empty fruit bunch, evaluasi agronomi
Konsentrasi dan Waktu Aplikasi Paklobutrazol, Pengaruhnya terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Mutu Benih Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Monch) Anggraini, Dwi Vista; Widajati, Eny; Sari, Maryati; Supijatno
Buletin Agrohorti Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): Buletin Agrohorti
Publisher : Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/agrob.133.65443

Abstract

Sorgum varietas Samurai memiliki tinggi tanaman mencapai 198.7 cm, sehingga mudah rebah serta menyulitkan pemeliharaan dan pemanenan. Aplikasi paklobutrazol bertujuan menghambat pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman serta meningkatkan kualitas fisiologis benih. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan konsentrasi dan waktu aplikasi paklobutrazol yang tepat untuk menghasilkan benih sorgum bermutu tinggi. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari April 2023 hingga Februari 2024 di kebun percobaan Lewikopo. Konsentrasi paklobutrazol yang diberikan adalah 1000 ppm dan 1500 ppm, waktu aplikasi pada umur 5 dan 7 minggu setelah tanam.  Mutu benih diuji pada saat panen dan setelah penyimpanan (1, 2, dan 3 bulan). Aplikasi paklobutrazol 1000 ppm pada umur 5 minggu setelah tanam merupakan perlakuan yang tepat untuk menekan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman. Perlakuan dosis paklobutrazol ini menghasilkan peningkatan yang signifikan pada diameter batang, panjang daun, dan lebar daun serta mutu benih yaitu daya berkecambah dan bobot kering kecambah normal. Aplikasi paklobutrazol secara nyata menurunkan kandungan giberelin dalam benih. Aplikasi paklobutrazol 1500 ppm pada 7 minggu setelah tanam menurunkan mutu benih setelah simpan berdasarkan tolok ukur daya berkecambah, kecepatan tumbuh, dan potensi tumbuh maksimum. Kata kunci: daya berkecambah, giberelin, kecepatan tumbuh
Variation in Leaf Morphology of Sago Trees (Metroxylon sagu) in South Borneo Province, Indonesia. Rahman, Hasan Basri Arif; Bintoro, Mochamad Hasjim; Supijatno, Supijatno
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 8 No. 02 (2021): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.8.02.51-59

Abstract

Natural populations of sago (Metroxylon sagu) in Indonesia show morphological variations in its organs, particularly the leaves. The existing variations resulted in sago type names provided by the locals. The sago plant types include Mahang, Buntal, Salak, Madang and Gandut. Sago leaves are economically important in Indonesia, mainly because they provide a potentially profitable and environment-friendly source of house roofing materials. Determining leaf variation among sago plants would provide information for a better way of choosing which among the current accessions/varieties of sago has the best leaf quality and production. Leaf variations in sago were recorded in shape, size, and color. The aim of this study are a) to compare differences in leaf morphology among sago types obtained from different geographic areas, and b) to determine whether these different sago types correspond to certain sago plant grouping. The qualitative and quantitative analysis showed variations in leaf characteristics of sago trees. Additionally, this study shows that based on leaf variations, the sago of South Borneo Province can be separated into two groups. The first group is Mahang and Gandut, which have long rachis, leaflets and leaves, and largest leaf area. The second group composed of Buntal, Salak and Madang accessions, which have short rachis and leaves, and smallest leaf area. Other results showed that there were characters that contributed significantly to the diversity of sago plants in the study area including spines, white stripe or banding on the rachis and petiole length. In line with our results, Mahang and Gandut accessions are the best accessions to be cultivated in the area, because they have wider leaves which support higher rates of photosynthesis. Further study should be conducted on phylogenetic using DNA sequencing to confirm divisions of the two sago groups.
The Effect of Fertilizer Treatment on the Morphology of Maize (Zea mays) Planted in An Intercropping System in the Immature Oil Palm Plantation Alhaviz, Alhaviz; Hariyadi, Hariyadi; Supijatno, Supijatno
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 8 No. 03 (2021): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.8.03.187-194

Abstract

Applying and optimizing an intercropping system between oil palm and seasonal crops such as maize in the immature palm oil plantation is one way of obtaining additional income for farmers until the main crop (oil palm) mature and ready to harvest. The aim of the research was to determine the effects of fertilizers, particularly nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) on the growth and production of maize in an intercropping system with oil palm. The experiment, using one-factor randomized complete block design, was conducted at the Cikabayan Experimental Station, IPB University, Indonesia, from August to December 2020. Four set-ups were prepared corresponding to four different fertilizer applications as follows: A0 (without treatment), A1 (240 g Urea + 80 g KCl + 320 g SP-36 per plot), A2 (480 g Urea + 160 g KCl + 320 g SP-36 per plot), A3 (720 g Urea + 240 g KCl + 320 g SP-36 per plot). Applying the highest dosages of N and K (A3), significantly increased plant height, fresh weight, number of leaves, leaf area, stem diameter, cob length, cob weight, and husk-free cob weight. Intercropping maize with immature oil palm did not affect the oil palm growth.
Morphology and Starch Production Potential of Sago Palm Found in Village Haripau, East Mimika Subdistrict, Mimika, Papua Province, Indonesia Nurulhaq, Muhammad Iqbal; Bintoro, Muhammad Hasjim; Supijatno, Supijatno
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 9 No. 01 (2022): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.9.01.31-38

Abstract

Papua, Indonesia is the largest sago palm (Metroxylon spp) distribution area in the world. Most (85%) of the total sago area in the world is in Indonesia, and 95% of the sago area in Indonesia is in Papua and West Papua. Field observation of accessions of sago palm was conducted at the sago growing area at Hiripau village. The aim of the study was to determine the diversity of sago palm accessions from Hiripau village and compare their morphology and starch production. Based on interviews with the local farmers, the four accessions of sago palm that dominated the Hiripau area are Nakowai, Mapartaro, Tuhai, and Korearipi. These accessions vary in the spine characteristics, features of the trunk, leaf, pith, and starch production. Sago Mapartaro leaves are the largest (23.56 m2) and the leaflet areas are almost twice the size of the other accessions. Tuhai has the highest starch yield but it has high ash content resulting in low starch quality.
Water Footprint Analysis of Different Techniques of Cocoa Propagation Santosa, Edi; Supijatno, Supijatno; Wachjar, Ade; Rohman, Fadil; Abdoellah, Soetanto
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 10 No. 03 (2023): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.10.03.153-165

Abstract

The nursery phase plays a crucial role in rejuvenating cocoa plantations as it significantly impacts the quality and productivity of the mature trees in the field. However, despite its significance, there remains a lack of understanding regarding its contribution to the water footprint (WF) in cocoa production. This study aims to assess the WF of various propagation techniques to promote sustainable nursery practices. Data on nurseries were collected at the Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute in Jember, East Java, Indonesia, from June 2017 to January 2018. The results revealed that propagation accounted for a total WF ranging from 74.28 to 319.41 m3.ha-1 of established cocoa trees, with an average of 186.68 m3. This total WF consisted of 9.02 to 12.89 m3 (7.69%) attributed to seed production and 61.39 to 283.34 m3 (92.30%) attributed to the nursery phase. Among the different nursery techniques studied, the production of true seedlings exhibited the lowest WF, followed by side grafting. To optimize cocoa rejuvenation and minimize WF, it is crucial to carefully select the appropriate nursery technique. Further evaluation is necessary to explore the potential benefits of implementing precision irrigation techniques to reduce WF during the nursery phase. By focusing on sustainable nursery practices, we can enhance the overall sustainability of cocoa production.
Optimasi Dosis Pupuk Kalsium dan Magnesium pada Bibit Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) di Pembibitan Utama Ningsih, Eltis Panca; ,, Sudradjat; ,, Supijatno
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 43 No. 1 (2015): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (405.181 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v43i1.9596

Abstract

Oil palm is one of the important plantation crops in the plantation sector. Increased oil palm plantation area causes the need for the availability of oil palm seedlings in large quantities. Good quality oil palm seedlings were obtained through intensive maintenance especially fertilization. Fertilizers needed for the growth of oil palm seedlings include calcium and magnesium fertilizers. The objective of this experiment was to determine the optimum rates of calcium and magnesium fertilizer for oil palm seedling (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). This experiment was conducted at Cikabayan Experimental Station, IPB Darmaga, Bogor, from December 2011 to November 2012. The experimental design used was factorial randomized block design with three replications. The first factor was Ca fertilizer rates i.e., 0, 5, 10,  and  20 g CaCO3 plant-1. The second factor was Mg fertilizer rates, i.e., 0, 24, 48,  and 96 g MgSO4  plant-1. The results showed that calcium affected stomatal density, whereas magnesium fertilizer affected morphological and physiological variables (stomatal density and chlorophyll content) of oil palm seedling. Based on the plant height and stem diameter, the recommended rate of magnesium fertilizer for 8 months oil palm seedlings in the main nursery was 58 g plant-1. This total rate should be applied at different amount every month from 1-8 month, at 2.0, 2.0, 8.0, 9.3, 8.8, 9.3, 9.4 and 9.3 g MgSO4 plants-1, respectively. The optimum rate of calcium fertilizer was not able to be determined in this research. Keywords: chlorophyll, leaf, morphology, physiology
Optimasi Dosis Pupuk Nitrogen dan Fosfor pada Tanaman Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Belum Menghasilkan Umur Satu Tahun Shintarika, Feni; ,, Sudradjat; ,, Supijatno
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 43 No. 3 (2015): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (323.549 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v43i3.11252

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe accuracy of fertilizer dosage for one-year-old oil palm plants is very important. The objective of the research was to determine the optimum rates of Nitrogen and Phosphorus fertilizers for young oil palm. The experiment was conducted at IPB-Cargill Teaching Farm of Oil Palm at Jonggol, from March 2013-March 2014. This study consisted of two separate experiments namely (1) Optimizing Nitrogen and (2) Optimizing Phosphorus. Both experiments used randomized block design with one factor and three replications. The treatments were five rates of nitrogen or phosphorus (0, 135, 270, 405, 540 g N per plant; 0, 135, 270, 405, 540 g P2O5 per plant). The results showed that nitrogen fertilizer rates increased height linearly at 10 month after treatment (MAT) and quadratically at 12 MAT. Stem girth, frond production and leaf area of 9th frond increased quadratically with N rates (9, 10, 12 MAT). Nitrogen fertilizer quadratically increased leaf chlorophyll content (12 MAT), but did not significantly affected leaf-N content. Phosphorus fertilizer increased palm height linearly (9, 10 MAT) and quadratically (12 MAT). Phosphorus linearly increased stem girth (12 MAT) and quadratically (9, 10 MAT). Frond production was quadratically increased with phosphorus rates (9, 10, 12 MAT). Phosphorus linearly increased leaf area of 9th frond (9 MAT) and quadratically (12 MAT). The optimum rates of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers for one year old plant was 382 g N and 331 g P2O5 per plant, respectively.Keywords: inorganic, nutrient, optimum rates, single fertilizer
Co-Authors , Hamin . Robianto . Sudradjat . Susilawati . Susilawati . Turman Abdoellah, Soetanto Abdul Qadir Ade Wachjar Ade Wachjar Adolf Pieter Lontoh, Adolf Pieter Adrian, Fahrul AHMAD JUNAEDI Ahmad, Fendri Ahmad, Fendri Aji, Martini Albari, Jabal Aldi Radifan Alhaviz, Alhaviz Anggraini, Dwi Vista Ani Kurniawati Anisa Windhita Aris Purwanto Arja, Awliya Rahmi Awliya Rahmi Arja Aziz Ahmad Ja’far Benny Julyan Bintoro, Muhammad Hasjim Brury Marco Silalahi D. Sopandie Didy Sopandie Dr.-Ing. Dina Rubiana Widarda Dwi Guntoro Edi Santosa Eko Sulistyono Eltis Panca Ningsih, Eltis Panca Eny Widajati Evi Savitri Iriani Evi Savitri Iriani Fadillah, Resti Faqih Udin Fatkhunnisa, Ratu Febrianto, Hendra Nugroho Feni Shintarika Gabriel, Abdurrahman Gery Juliansyah Ghulam Nurul Huda Ghulam Nurul Huda, Ghulam Nurul Hariyadi Hariyadi, Hariyadi Hendra Wiguna Hulu, Versi Putra Jaya Humoen, Maria Imelda Iskandar Lubis Jabal Albari Juliansyah, Gery Julyan, Benny Kusnendi, Faizal Shofwan Laksono, Purwanti Budi M. Jusuf Martini Aji Martini Aji Maryati Sari Matra, Deden Drajat Maulia, Kantrin Maulia, Kantrin Miftah Anugrah Pamungkas Monica Christina Natalia Muhamad Ismail Muhamad Ismail, Muhamad Muhammad Ahmad Chozin Muhammad Hasjim Bintoro Djoefrie Hasjim Bintoro Djoefrie Muhammad Jusuf Mulyawan, Zidane Natalia, Monica Christina Novie Pranata Erdiansyah Nur Said Soheh Nurulhaq, Muhammad Iqbal Omo Rusdiana Paisey, Elda Kristiani Pamungkas, Miftah Anugrah Putri Ratna Sari Putri Ratna Sari, Putri Ratna Qadir, Abdul Radifan, Aldi Rahman, Hasan Basri Arif Riswan Basyri Nasution Robianto, . Rohman, Fadil S. Harran Saiful Akhyar Lubis Sarjono, Arif Sarjono, Arif Sepriana, Regina Maulidina Silalahi, Brury Marco Slamet Widodo Sofyan Zaman Sudirman Yahya Sudradjat , Sugeng Heri Suseno Syarifah Iis Aisyah Trikoesoemaningtyas Turman, . Wahyudi, Trio Widodo, Candraningratri Ekaputri Widyaningrum Widyaningrum Widyaningrum Widyaningrum Wiguna, Hendra Windhita, Anisa Yanto Ardiyanto ‪Mochamad Hasjim Bintoro Djoefrie‬