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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian E-jurnal Agro-Industri Indonesia Forum Pasca Sarjana International Journal of Science and Engineering (IJSE) International Journal of Renewable Energy Development TEKNIK Teknotan: Jurnal Industri Teknologi Pertanian Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Microbiology Indonesia Majalah Kedokteran Bandung BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology AL KAUNIYAH Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro Komputer dan Informatika (JITEKI) Agrointek Jurnal AgroBiogen Jurnal Penelitian Pascapanen Pertanian Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management) Jurnal Litbang Industri Science and Technology Indonesia Industria: Jurnal Teknologi dan Manajemen Agroindustri Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) EnviroScienteae EDUFORTECH IJEMS (Indonesian Journal of Environmental Management and Sustainability) Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal Menara Perkebunan Teknologi Indonesia STI Policy and Management Journal Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia PERENNIAL Wood Research Journal : Journal of Indonesian Wood Research Society Wood Research Journal : Journal of Indonesian Wood Research Society Jurnal Litbang Industri Makara Journal of Science Makara Journal of Technology International Journal of Renewable Energy Development
Khaswar Syamsu
Department Of Agricultural Industrial Technology - Bogor Agricultural University Dramaga, Bogor, 16680
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Public Health Veterinary Other

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Journal : Science and Technology Indonesia

 1 
Potential of Tropical Seaweed Carageenan in Applications of Soft Capsule as a Replacement for Gelatin: A Review Hidayat, Taufik; Syamsu, Khaswar; Sunarti, Titi Candra; Nurilmala, Mala; Manalu, Lamhot
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): October
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2025.10.4.1288-1300

Abstract

Carrageenan, a natural sulfated polysaccharide extracted from red seaweed, has gained significant attention in the development of drug delivery systems, particularly as a capsule-forming material. With its biodegradable, biocompatible, and gel-forming properties, carrageenan offers great potential as a plant-based alternative to animal-derived gelatin. This review evaluates the potential of carrageenan, especially iota-carrageenan, in the production of soft capsules as a gelatin substitute, and compares the characteristics of carrageenan-based hard and soft capsules. Soft capsules are generally formulated with iota-carrageenan and plasticizers such as glycerol to achieve optimal flexibility, while hard capsules utilize kappa-carrageenan due to its stronger gel texture. Structural modifications, including depolymerization and polymer blending, have been reported to improve viscosity, elasticity, and disintegration time of carrageenan capsules. Nevertheless, limitations remain, such as high viscosity and slower disintegration compared to gelatin-based capsules. Therefore, formulation optimization and advanced extraction techniques are essential to enhance carrageenan capsule performance. Future research should emphasize cost-effective and high-purity extraction methods, engineered depolymerization processes, and the modification of kappa-carrageenan to exhibit iota-like flexibility. These strategies are expected to advance the feasibility of tropical seaweed-derived carrageenan as a sustainable and halal-compliant material for pharmaceutical capsule applications.
Co-Authors . Gunawan . Gunawan A. Aziz Darwis A. Herryandie Abdul Aziz Darwis Adhi Kusnadi Akhmad Endang Zainal Hasan Anas Miftah Fauzi Anggun Rahman Rahman Ani Suryani Ani Suryani Aninda Sekar ZAHRA Anwar Nur Anwar Nur Ardani Lukman ASEP RISWOKO ASTUTIATI NURHASANAH Bambang Prasetya Bambang Prasetya Bambang Prasetya Bambang Prasetya Bustomi - Bustomi Darwis, Abdul Aziz Dede Rais Diana Dewi Diana Dewi, Diana Diana Nurani Djumali Mangunwidjaja Djumali Mangunwidjaja Djumali Mangunwidjaja Dwi - Susilaningsih Dwi Purnomo Dwi Purnomo Dwi Setyaningsih Dyah Noor Hidayati DYAH NOOR HIDAYATI E. Gumbira Sa’id E. Gumbira-Sa’id E. Mardliyati Elisa Julianti Endang Gumbira Said Endang Warsiki Endang Warsiki dan Citra Dewi Wahyono Putri (E-Jurnal Agro-Industri Indonesia) Eni Dwi Islamiati Eni Dwi Islamiati Eni Dwi Islamiati, Eni Dwi Erwahyuni E Prabandani ERWAHYUNI ENDANG PRABANDARI ERWAHYUNI ENDANG PRABANDARI Erwahyuni Prabandari Erwahyuni Prabandari, Erwahyuni Essa Annisa Syadiah Etik Mardliyati Etik Mardliyati Etik Mardliyati, Etik Etty Riani FARAH FAHMA FENTRI PARAMITHA PUTRI Fitriani Kasim Gamma Irca Pradikta Griselda Happy Ramadhani Gumbira-Sa'id, E Gustri Yeni Gustri Yeni Han Roliadi Hanifah FUADI Hanny Hafiar Hendri Muchtar Hendri Muchtar, Hendri Herastuti Sri I Nyoman Jaya Wistara Iftachul Farida Ika Amalia Kartika Ike Sitoresmi M Purbowati Illah Sailah Irawadi Jamaran Irvan Setiadi Kartawiria IS HELIANTI Isroi Isroi Isroi Jayawarsa, A.A. Ketut Joko Santoso Kasid, Sri Kaidah kusnadi, adhi Lanjar Sumarno Lanjar Sumarno Lestari, Puji Liesbetini Haditjaroko Liesbetini Hartoto Lucky Risanto M Irfani ABDULLAH M. ANWAR NUR M. Daud Machfud Mala Nurilmala Manalu, Lamhot Mardliyati, Etik Muhammad Arif Darmawan Muhammad Daud Muhammad Rasyid RAMADHAN Muhammad Tasrif Muhammad Tasrif Mulyorini Rahayuningsih Murdiyatmo, Untung Muslich Muslich, Muslich N. A. Evalia Nabilah, Siti Nadia STEPANI Nastiti Siswi Indrasti Nasution, Nurul Cinthiya nFN Misgiyarta NIKNIK NURHAYATI Ninik Purbosari Nur Atifah Nur Richana Nurika Asih SETIYANI Nusaibah - Nusaibah Prayoga SURYADARMA Ridwansyah Ridwansyah Rini Purnawati Rofiq Sunaryanto Rofiq Sunaryanto S Heris Anita, S Heris S Joni Munarso Sa’id, E. Gumbira Sapta Raharja Sarifah Nurjanah Selvia Mahilda RIDHOHA Shinta PERMATASARI Siti Nabilah Sony Hartono Wijaya Sudirman Sudirman Suharyanto Suprihatin Suprihatin Surono SURONO Tajuddin Bantacut Taufik Hidayat Titi Candra Sunarti Tri Panji Tun T. Irawadi Tun Tedja Irawadi Tun Tedja Irawadi Wahono Sumaryono Wasrin Safii Wasrin Syafii Widya FATRIASARI Widya Fatriasari Yandra Arkeman Yandra Arkeman Yandra Arkenan Yeni, Gustri Yeni, Gustri