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Phytochemical Profiling, Antibacterial Properties and Toxicity of Amla Fruit Tea (Phyllanthus emblica L.): An In Vitro and In Silico Study Cahyaningrum, Putu Lakustini; Sudaryati, Ni Luh Gede; Bogoriani, Ni Wayan; Asih, Ida Ayu Raka Astiti; Adnyana, I Made Dwi Mertha; Jenar, Putut Dewantha
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Articles in Press
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.284

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance represents a critical global health challenge, necessitating the exploration of alternative therapeutic agents. This study investigated the antimicrobial potential of amla fruit tea (Phyllanthus emblica L.) through comprehensive phytochemical characterization, antibacterial assessment, and computational modeling to identify potential mechanisms of action. LC-HRMS analysis was employed for phytochemical profiling, antibacterial activity was evaluated via disk diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and molecular docking studies were conducted against tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase and FimH adhesin proteins. Analysis identified 89 bioactive compounds, with oxidized hydroxytetrahydrofuranyl acetate, L-α-palmitin, and ellagic acid predominating. Antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli was evaluated via the disk diffusion method, revealing that moderate inhibition increased at higher concentrations (25%) and with extended exposure, with E. coli exhibiting greater susceptibility than S. aureus. Molecular docking studies against tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (S. aureus) and FimH adhesin protein (E. coli) identified the W-18 benzenesulfonamide derivative as the most promising compound, which demonstrated strong binding affinities of -11.01 and -7.48 kcal/mol, respectively. While all five principal compounds met Lipinski's drug-likeness criteria, toxicological assessment revealed varying safety profiles, with two compounds classified as "possibly hazardous" and two as "toxic when swallowed." These findings suggest that amla fruit tea has antibacterial properties through two mechanisms: disruption of protein synthesis and bacterial adhesion. However, its efficacy remains considerably lower than that of conventional antibiotics, suggesting potential applications as complementary therapy rather than antibiotic replacement.
Spatial risk assessment of canine rabies transmission via GIS buffer analysis in Bobonaro municipality, Timor-Leste Cruz, Zito Viegas da; Pereira, Abrão J.; Machado, Filipe de Neri; Adnyana , I Made Dwi Mertha; Jundaeng, Jarupat
Svāsthya: Trends in General Medicine and Public Health Vol. 2 No. 4 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : PT. Mega Science Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70347/svsthya.v2i4.137

Abstract

Rabies is a fatal zoonotic disease caused by Lyssavirus of the Rhabdoviridae family. Timor-Leste experienced a rabies outbreak in March 2024, with a 100% fatality rate, primarily affecting dogs as the main reservoir. Bobonaro Municipality has reported an increasing number of confirmed cases, necessitating spatial approaches for effective control strategies. This study aimed to identify confirmed rabies case distribution patterns and predict transmission risk zones via GIS buffer analysis within the Bobonaro Municipality. This study utilized secondary data from 39 confirmed rabies cases from the Bobonaro Municipal Agriculture Service between January and June 2025. The analysis was conducted via the Buffer and Multiple Buffer tools in ArcGIS 10.8 software. The geographic coordinates of confirmed cases were mapped to generate distribution maps with transmission movement predictions on the basis of locations in each administrative post, village, and hamlet. Mapping revealed that the majority of confirmed rabies cases were concentrated in the northeastern Bobonaro Municipality, comprising the Cailaco administrative post with the hamlets of the Meligo village, such as Bereleu, Daulelo, Liabote, and Mude, plus the Maliana administrative post. Buffer analysis with a 2 km radius identified tendencies for animal movement at risk of local rabies transmission that could spread to humans and other animals, including neighboring municipalities sharing land borders with Bobonaro. GIS-based buffer analysis successfully identified high-risk zones for rabies transmission within a 2 km radius of the average confirmed case locations. These findings provide an evidence-based foundation for policymakers to implement effective and specific rabies control strategies tailored to Timor-Leste's resource-limited environment.
The Importance of Green Education in Indonesia: An analysis of Opportunities and Challenges Adnyana, I Made Dwi Mertha; Mahendra, Kadek Adi; Syed Meesam Raza
Education Specialist Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): July-December
Publisher : Tinta Emas Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59535/es.v1i2.168

Abstract

This study aimed to explore the importance of green education in Indonesia by investigating the opportunities and challenges that arise from a literature review. Learner constructivism emphasizes students’ active involvement in exploring environmental concepts, whereas critical thinking enables them to analyze, synthesize, and evaluate information to make sound judgments. There are several opportunities to implement green education in Indonesia, particularly to address environmental challenges, promote sustainability, and foster the generation of environmentally conscious individuals. However, there are challenges to implementing green education, such as limited resources, insufficient teacher training, and resistance to change. In the future, green education should be integrated into educational curricula and programs to foster environmental awareness, promote sustainable practices, cultivate critical thinking skills among learners, and minimize actions that harm the environment.
Risk Factors of Acute Gastroenteritis and the Implementation of Community-Based Total Sanitation in Banyuwangi, Indonesia: A Cross-sectional Study Al Karina, Citra; Juniastuti, Juniastuti; Utomo, Budi; Mertha Adnyana, I Made Dwi
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 29, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Background: In Banyuwangi Regency, Indonesia, diarrhea remains a major health problem, even though the community-based total sanitation (CBTS) program has been implemented for ten years. This household survey study aimed to identify the risk factors of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) and to evaluate the implementation of CBTS in Banyuwangi Regency. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Banyuwangi Regency. Characteristic data from patients with AGE were collected from the two primary healthcare working areas, followed by collecting data of their family members and CBTS in their houses. Data were obtained through interviews and direct observation. The CBTS evaluation results were analyzed descriptively, while risk factors were analyzed statistically using Chi-square and logistic regression tests. Results: Data were collected from 278 individuals across 96 families. Age and educational level were significantly associated with AGE. Individuals aged ≥19 years were less likely to have AGE (p < 0.001, OR = 0.385, 95% CI = 0.228-0.651). Most households had poor CBTS facilities of handwashing (76.0%), garbage (80.2%), and liquid waste disposal (88.5%). Conclusion: Age and education level were identified as individual risk factors for AGE. Most households had three poor facilities of CBTS. These findings might be considered in public health interventions to reduce AGE incidence in Banyuwangi Regency.
The importance of green education in primary, secondary and higher education: A review Adnyana, I Made Dwi Mertha; Mahendra, Kadek Adi; Raza, Syed Meesam
Journal of Environment and Sustainability Education Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Education and Development Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62672/joease.v1i2.14

Abstract

This review aimed to provide an understanding of the importance of implementing green education in primary, secondary, and higher education. Green education is important in primary, secondary, and higher education because it promotes environmental conservation and sustainability. It integrates various disciplines and fosters ecological awareness, responsible citizenship, and sustainable practices. Green education in primary education introduces basic environmental concepts, whereas secondary education delves deeper into environmental issues and emphasizes critical thinking. Higher education provides specialized programs and courses in environmental studies, sustainability science, and green technology, equipping students with the expertise necessary to address global environmental challenges. Green education facilitates evidence-based learning, enabling individuals to make informed decisions and take action toward a more sustainable world.
Ankle Joint Chronic Osteomyelitis: A Case Report and Updated Insights Tika, Fanny Eprilia; Muhammad, Ismail; Eljatin, Dwinka Syafira; Adnyana, I Made Dwi Mertha
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol 6 No 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v6i2.2902

Abstract

Osteomyelitis is an infectious disease of the musculoskeletal system that can cause inflammation of the bones and joints caused by infectious agents. To date, there has been an increase in Osteomyelitis cases especially in individuals with comorbidities. The aimed of this study was to explore the frequent cases of chronic ankle joint osteomyelitis experienced by the public and provide new insights into the future treatment of this disease. In this study, we report the case of a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus who developed osteomyelitis due to a wound caused by a scratch on a prickly pandanus leaf mat. A 58-year-old man presented to the emergency room with complaints of sores and pain, accompanied by swelling of the right foot. The wound on the leg oozed pus had an odor, and the patient had difficulty walking and fever for two weeks. Her hemoglobin level was 10 mg/dl, her leukocyte count was 20,040/µL, her current blood sugar level was 323 mg/dL, her 2-hour PP blood sugar level was 415 mg/dL, and her HbA1c level was 12. On foot examination, a CRT of < 2 s was found, and the degree of dorsal pedic artery pulsation was weak. An opaque area was observed in the ankle joint of the right foot, accompanied by a distal 1/3 epi-metaphyseal fracture of the right fibula bone with swelling, a distal 1/3 epiphyseal deformity of the right tibia bone, and a calcaneal spur on X-ray. Trauma and systemic risk factors such as diabetes mellitus were found in the patient, increasing the risk of worsening chronic osteomyelitis. The principles of osteomyelitis management include optimizing the patient's general condition; performing pharmacological debridement, reconstruction, and stabilization; and completing rehabilitation. Recent insights highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary approach, advanced diagnostic tools, antibiotic stewardship, novel therapies, and patient-centered care to improve outcomes for individuals affected by this challenging condition in the future.
Cognitive Resilience Amongst the Elderly in Socah Village's Fishing and Non-Fishing Communities Adiwinoto, Ronald Pratama; Putri, Ida Ayu Govinda Lazenobia De Sanjaya; Wendra, Sadya; Liliawanti, Liliawanti; Herdiyantini, Mita; Putra, Oki Nugraha; Adnyana, I Made Dwi Mertha
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol 6 No 3 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v6i3.3122

Abstract

Alzheimer's Indonesia (ALZI) reports a significant and growing prevalence of Orang Dengan Demensia Dementia (ODD), which is projected to reach 2 to 4 million individuals by 2050. Dementia is often attributed to cognitive deficits, prompting this study to investigate and compare the Community Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores among elderly professionals, specifically fishermen and non-fishermen, residing in Socah Village, Bangkalan, East Java. Objective: This research aims to elucidate the extent of cognitive impairment in this demographic. Method: An analytical observational study employed a purposive sampling approach, with a total sample size of 96 individuals. The age categories ranged from 45 to 89 years, adhering to the Badan Pusat Statistik 2015 guidelines. Data collection took place during August to September 2022. Results: The results of the Mann-Whitney's test indicate a significant difference in Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores between elderly fishermen and non-fishermen in Socah Village, with a p-value of 0.001 (p < α, α = 0.05). Conclusion: This finding leads to the conclusion that there is a notable disparity in MMSE scores among elderly professionals, highlighting the substantial impact of physical activity on cognitive function.
CRISPR-Cas9 Genome Editing Technology for Zoonotic Disease Control in Indonesia: A Comprehensive Review Adnyana, I Made Dwi Mertha; Eljatin, Dwinka Syafira; Sudaryati, Ni Luh Gede; Adiwinoto, Ronald Pratama; Raza, Syed Meesam; da Cruz , Zito Viegas
Journal of Medicine and Health Technology Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j30466865.v1i1.1172

Abstract

The increasing emergence of zoonotic diseases originating from vectors, rodents, mammals, and others has increased the potential for outbreaks of pandemics in the Indonesian territory. Although control and prevention have been implemented, these efforts have not yet revealed a bright spot; therefore, elaboration with advanced CRISPR-Cas9 technology is a way to accelerate efforts to control zoonotic diseases in Indonesia. However, there is limited literature on this topic. This review aims to comprehensively describe, identify, and summarize the application of CRISPR-Cas9 genome-editing technology in zoonotic disease control in Indonesia. Our findings show that CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technology offers an innovative approach for zoonotic disease control by targeting disease vectors, modifying animal reservoirs, improving disease surveillance, enhancing vaccine development, and exploring traditional medicine candidates and immunotherapy. The high level of precision, efficiency, and versatility in targeting genomes capable of disrupting, damaging, and disrupting the disease transmission cycle in pathogens makes CRISPR-Cas9 highly effective. However, challenges such as off-target impacts, regulatory complexity, and ethical considerations must be overcome with inter- and multidisciplinary collaboration to promote transparency, equity, and public engagement throughout the process of implementing this technology in the field, especially in Indonesia.
Mpox, HIV infection, and genital skin disease: triple burden, threats and challenges from an epidemiological perspective Adnyana, I Made Dwi Mertha; Eljatin, Dwinka Syafira; Maulana, Sidik; Ibrahim, Kusman; Umar, Tungki Pratama; Armini, Luh Nik; Cruz, Zito Viegas da
Svāsthya: Trends in General Medicine and Public Health Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024): July 2024
Publisher : PT. Mega Science Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70347/svsthya.v1i1.1

Abstract

The expansion and transformation of Mpox (MPX) disease alongside HIV and genital skin diseases has led to an increase in global morbidity and mortality in a relatively brief period. These diseases have a similar transmission pathway through sexual intercourse (mainly MSM/men-sex with males). This review aims to provide a concise, evidence-based overview of MPX, HIV, and genital skin disease coinfections, and to identify epidemiological threats and challenges. Our investigations revealed that from January 2022 to July 2023, there was a significant increase in the number of MPX cases, which reached a total of 88,600, resulting in 152 deaths across 113 countries. There have been case reports of triple-burden disease in six different areas of the world, with at least 52% of reported cases occurring in men who have had sexual activity with other men, 84.1% of whom do not use condoms and do not take pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). In addition, the highest number of deaths due to co-infection with MPX, HIV infection, and genital skin diseases occurred in vulnerable groups (LGBTQIA2S+), especially in men who had sex with men, up to 90.9%, and experienced an increase in the frequency of triple burden diseases to 104.9%. From an epidemiological standpoint, this condition generates several threats and challenges, including an increasing burden of infectious diseases, an increase in immunocompromised populations, an increase in overlapping risk factors, diagnostic difficulties, an increase in interactions and comorbidities, and relatively complex treatment challenges. To suppress these outbreaks and pandemics, comprehensive control and prevention should be proposed collaboratively, including collaboration with the education sector to conduct better research and investigation using one health in complex settings. Epidemiological modeling can be used in the future to accelerate the control of these diseases.
Exposure to electromagnetic waves for reducing brain health: A bibliometric analysis Savitri, Ida Ayu Gede Winda; Adnyana, I Made Dwi Mertha; Wahyudi, I Wayan; Dewi, Gusti Ayu Putu Wahyu Purnama; Ariastuti, Indria; Sundari, Ni Luh Putu Ari; Nuartha, Pande Komang Aditya Ryan
Svāsthya: Trends in General Medicine and Public Health Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024): July 2024
Publisher : PT. Mega Science Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70347/svsthya.v1i1.12

Abstract

Exposure to electromagnetic waves has been reported to have an adverse impact on human brain health. Various claims have revealed the impact of long-term exposure to electromagnetic waves clinically and nonclinically, but there are no comprehensive studies that explain the effects of electromagnetic wave exposure on human brain health.  This study aimed to identify the effects of electromagnetic wave exposure on human brain health. Using a meta-synthesis approach and bibliometric analysis. A total of 271 articles from Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed were screened to obtain 148 terms and analyzed descriptively. The findings from 2004–2024 articles that met the selection criteria resulted in 10 major clusters, 903 networks and 4,020 network strengths. The terms "1800 MHz mobile phone”, "900 MHz”, "acute exposure”, "assessment”, "behavior”, "bioeffect”, "biological effect”, "biological tissue”, "blood brain barrier”, "cell phone radiation”, "cellular phone”, "cellular telephone”, "central nervous system”, "child”, "chronic exposure" and others were most studied. Increased use of electronic devices and wireless technology significantly affects information processing and storage; disrupts synaptic communication and neuronal signaling; causes cognitive decline; disrupts the integrity of the blood‒brain barrier; and causes hypersensitivity through disruption of monoamine neurotransmitter metabolism, decreased dopamine levels, norepinephrine and epinephrine levels, 5-hydroxytryptamine "serotonin", excitatory amino acid neurotransmitters and acetylcholine esterase (AChE). The increased use of electronic devices and wireless technology significantly affects brain performance and health. Thus, it is important to minimize the effects of exposure to electromagnetic waves.
Co-Authors Agustini, Desak Gede Dwi Al Karina, Citra Anak Agung Komang Suardana Ariastuti, Indria Artha Budi Susila Duarsa Arundani, Prima Asik Surya Bimantara, Riza Fajar Biutifasari, Verna Budi Utomo Cruz, Zito Viegas da da Cruz , Zito Viegas Dewi, Gusti Ayu Putu Wahyu Purnama Dewi, Ni Luh Made Noviana Dwinka Syafira Eljatin Eljatin, Dwinka S. Farachatus Salwa Salsabila Azhari Hafinuddin Hafinuddin Herdiyantini, Mita I P. Sudiartawan I Putu Sudiartawan I Wayan Wahyudi, I Wayan I. A. R. Astiti Asih Indrayanti, Ni Komang Rina Ismail Muhammad Jundaeng, Jarupat Juniastuti Juniastuti Kusman Ibrahim Liliawanti Luh Nik Armini Lutfian, Lutfian Machado, Filipe de Neri Mahendra, Kadek Adi Maulana, Sidik Muhamad Frendy Setyawan Muhammad Bayu Zohari Hutagalung Muhammad Ridho Akbar Eljatin Muhammad Rizal N. W. Bogoriani Nadya Aisyah Sasqia Putri Ni Ketut Ayu Juliasih Ni Luh Gede Sudaryati Nuartha, Pande Komang Aditya Ryan Panduyasa, I Gede Pereira, Abrão J. Prabowo, Sang Kompyang Yudistira Eddy Pramita Anindya Nugraheni Prasetya, Hanung Pratama A., Ronald Prima Arundani Putra, I Gede Satya Wijaya Putra, Oki Nugraha Putri, Ida Ayu Govinda Lazenobia De Sanjaya Putu Lakustini Cahyaningrum Putut Dewantha Jenar Raza, Syed Meesam Ronald Pratama Adiwinoto Sadya Wendra Savitri, Ida Ayu Gede Winda Setiadi M Noor Soedarsono Soedarsono Sridana, I Nyoman STEFANUS DJONI HUSODO Suardana, A.A Komang Sudaryati, Ni LG. Sudiartawan, I Putu Sugiarta, Ketut Merdana Sundari, Ni Luh Putu Ari Suniartini, Ketut Suwandani, Ni Made Ayu Syed Meesam Raza Tasalina Yohana Parameswari Gustam Tika, Fanny Eprilia Ulwani, Qulistan Balqis Umar, Tungki Pratama Uswatun Hasanah Widiastiti, Ni Nyoman Widyantari, Dewa Ayu Wijayaningrum, Lena Wyasena, Pande Nyoman Tri Saguna Zuriat Zuriat