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PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM KREDITUR ATAS JAMINAN BORTOCH YANG TIDAK DAPAT DISITA JAMINAN Rainaldo Laban, Jefrey; Sudirman; Umar, Wahyudi
Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis Vol 5 No 4 (2024): Tema Hukum Perdata
Publisher : CV Rewang Rencang

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This study examines the legal protection for creditors against non-confiscated borgtocht guarantees. Borgtocht guarantees, as a form of personal guarantee, often face challenges in their implementation, especially when they are not officially registered. This study uses normative research and legislative approaches to examine various legal rules as the focus of research using primary and secondary legal materials. This study shows that legal uncertainty arises due to the Constitutional Court's decision that limits creditors' rights in executing fiduciary guarantees, as well as the need to register guarantees to ensure legal certainty. In addition, the study highlights the importance of stronger legal protections for creditors to prevent losses due to debtor defaults.
PENGAWASAN DAN PENEGAKAN HUKUM E-COMMERCE OLEH KPPU DALAM MENGATASI PERSAINGAN USAHA TIDAK SEHAT Sengge, Anhar; Sudirman; Umar, Wahyudi
Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis Vol 5 No 4 (2024): Tema Hukum Perdata
Publisher : CV Rewang Rencang

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This study aims to analyze the role of the Business Competition Supervisory Commission (ICC) in the supervision and enforcement of e-commerce law in Indonesia, especially in the context of unfair business competition. This study uses a normative juridical approach to evaluate the effectiveness of ICC's supervision and examine the challenges faced by ICC in implementing existing regulations, considering the ongoing dynamics of the digital market. The results of the study show that although ICC has made significant efforts in supervision, there are still legal loopholes that need to be corrected to ensure healthy business competition in the digital era. Therefore, it is important to strengthen regulations and supervisory mechanisms so that ICC can be more effective in tackling unfair business competition practices in the e-commerce sector
KEPASTIAN HUKUM SMART CONTRACT DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PERDATA Sakirman; Akib, Ma'ruf; Umar, Wahyudi
Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis Vol 5 No 10 (2024): Tema Filsafat Hukum, Politik Hukum dan Etika Profesi Hukum
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Legal certainty in the application of smart contracts in the perspective of civil law is an important issue in the digital era. Smart contracts, which are computer code that automatically executes agreements, face challenges in meeting the legal requirements of traditional contracts. Previous research shows that while smart contracts offer transparency and efficiency, they often do not meet the validity criteria set out in civil law, as expressed by Herian and Abidin. In addition, there is an urgent need for clearer regulation regarding the legal status of smart contracts so that they can be integrated with existing legal systems, as discussed by Onufreiciuc and Stănescu. Therefore, this study aims to explore the legal certainty of smart contracts and their implications for civil law, as well as provide recommendations for better arrangements in the future.
WANPRESTASI PADA LAYANAN PAYLATER DALAM APLIKASI SHOPEE Iftahul Jannah, Rahayu; Akib, Ma'ruf; Fadjriah, Ismi; Umar, Wahyudi
Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis Vol 5 No 4 (2024): Tema Hukum Perdata
Publisher : CV Rewang Rencang

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This study examines the phenomenon of default in the use of the PayLater service on the Shopee application, which is increasingly popular in Indonesia along with the development of e-commerce. The purpose of this study is to analyze the legal consequences of default by debtors in the use of this service. Normative legal research is carried out using a legislative and conceptual approach. The results of this study emphasize that consumers must understand the terms and conditions before using PayLater to avoid legal problems in the future because the results show that default occurs when debtors do not fulfill their payment obligations as agreed, which can result in fines and recording in the Financial Information Service System (SLIK) of the OJK.
Legal Clarity for Sharia Lodging Businesses through Sharia Certification Rasmuddin, Rasmuddin; Umar, Wahyudi; Sudirman, Sudirman; Lambooy, Tineke
Jurnal Media Hukum Vol. 31 No. 2: December 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jmh.v31i2.18635

Abstract

The development of the Sharia business in Indonesia has become the most potential business not only in Islamic banking but also the non-Islamic bank financial industries, such as Islamic insurance, Islamic pension funds, Islamic finance companies, Islamic bonds (sukuk), Islamic mutual funds, and even Islamic lodging. This phenomenon makes the Sharia "label" as a trend. This research aims to analyze the urgency of Sharia certification in the Sharia lodging business in Indonesia. The method used is a type of normative legal research with statutory approaches, case approaches, and conceptual approaches. The results of this study indicate that the urgency of Sharia certification in the Sharia lodging business is to maintain the image of Islamic teachings and to provide certainty to consumers. This is because the application of Sharia in business institutions bearing the Sharia label still shows that the concept of Sharia understood by these business institutions still seems partial/not kaffah (total). Besides that, the Sharia "label" in the lodging business is used mostly as a brand or company brand. Therefore, it is high time for Sharia lodging certification to be carried out, like the halal label certificate on food products
Kepastian Hukum Cryptocurrency Dalam Transaksi Jual Beli E-Commerce Tomia, Hajrianto; Sudirman, Sudirman; Umar, Wahyudi
JURNAL RECHTENS Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): Desember
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56013/rechtens.v13i2.3468

Abstract

Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, penggunaan cryptocurrency sebagai alat transaksi dalam e-commerce semakin meningkat, namun ketidakpastian regulasi di Indonesia menciptakan dilema bagi pelaku bisnis dan konsumen. Meskipun diakui sebagai komoditas digital oleh Badan Pengawas Perdagangan Berjangka Komoditi (Bappebti), penggunaan cryptocurrency sebagai alat pembayaran resmi masih dilarang oleh Bank Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kepastian hukum penggunaan cryptocurrency dalam transaksi e-commerce di Indonesia dan membandingkannya dengan negara-negara seperti Jepang dan Uni Eropa yang telah memiliki kerangka hukum lebih matang. Dengan menggunakan metode normatif, penelitian ini menelaah peraturan yang berlaku serta dampaknya terhadap sektor e-commerce. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketidakjelasan regulasi menghambat inovasi dan adopsi cryptocurrency di Indonesia. Diperlukan kerangka hukum yang harmonis dan kolaboratif untuk menciptakan kepastian hukum dan melindungi konsumen. Regulasi yang lebih komprehensif diharapkan dapat mendorong perkembangan ekonomi digital dan meningkatkan daya saing Indonesia di pasar global.  Kata kunci: Kepastian Hukum, Cryptocurrency, E-commerce, Inovasi Digital, Regulasi Indonesia. Abstract In recent years, the use of cryptocurrencies as a means of transaction in e-commerce has been increasing, but regulatory uncertainty in Indonesia has created a dilemma for businesses and consumers. Although recognized as a digital commodity by the Commodity Futures Trading Supervisory Agency (Bappebti), the use of cryptocurrency as an official means of payment is still prohibited by Bank Indonesia. This study aims to examine the legal certainty of the use of cryptocurrencies in e-commerce transactions in Indonesia and compare it with countries such as Japan and the European Union which already have a more mature legal framework. Using a normative method, this study examines applicable regulations and their impact on the e-commerce sector. The results of the study show that regulatory uncertainty hinders cryptocurrency innovation and adoption in Indonesia. A harmonious and collaborative legal framework is needed to create legal certainty and protect consumers. More comprehensive regulations are expected to encourage the development of the digital economy and increase Indonesia's competitiveness in the global market. Keywords: Legal Certainty, Cryptocurrency, E-commerce, Digital Innovation, Indonesian Regulations. REFERENCES Agus, Agus, Sudirman Sudirman, Wahyudi Umar, and Ahmad Rustan. “The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Dispute Resolution Through Arbitration: The Potential and Challenges.” Sasi 29, no. 3 (2023): 570. https://doi.org/10.47268/sasi.v29i3.1393. 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Feinstein, Brian D., and Kevin Werbach. “The Impact of Cryptocurrency Regulation on Trading Markets.” Journal of Financial Regulation 7, no. 1 (2021): 48–99. https://doi.org/10.1093/jfr/fjab003. Habiburrahman, Muhammad, Muhaimin, and Abdul Atsar. “Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Pengguna Transaksi Cryptocurrency Di Indonesia.” Jurnal Education and Development Vol.10 No., no. 2 (2022): 697–706. Hasnan, Fitriana. “Implementasi Peraturan Badan Pengawas Perdagangan Berjangka Komoditi (Bappebti) Tentang Aset Kripto Di Indonesia).” Universitas Gadjah Mada, 2020. http://etd.repository.ugm.ac.id/penelitian/detail/191284. Indra Santo, M B A. Melangkah Ke Dunia Cryptocurrency: Memulai Perjalanan Anda Ke Investasi Digital Di Indonesia. Yogyakarta: CV. Bintang Semesta Media, 2023. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=pD3SEAAAQBAJ. Kelsen, Hans. Pure Theory of Law. Pure Theory of Law. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2024. https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.13167921. Keuangan, Otoritas Jasa. Seri Literasi Keuangan Perguruan Tinggi. Jakarta: OJK, 2019. Muhammad, Ifada Noor Yusuf. E-Commerce: Konsep Dan Teknologi, Edisi Pertama. Malang: Media Media Creative, 2021. Nakamoto, S. “Cryptocurrency and Financial Innovation in Japan.” Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance 12, no. 01 (2017): 56. Purwati, Ani. Metode Penelitian Hukum: Teori & Praktek. Edited by Tika Lestari. Surabaya: CV. Jakad Media Publishing, 2020. Rasmuddin, Rasmuddin, Kamaruddin Kamaruddin, and Wahyudi Umar. “Penerapan Pidana Mati Terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Korupsi: Pertimbangan Dan Hambatan.” JURNAL RECHTENS 11, no. 2 (December 9, 2022): 125–40. https://doi.org/10.56013/rechtens.v11i2.1176. Siregar, Emiel Salim, Widya Manurung, Rudi Gunawan, Muhammad Dzulkhairil, Ramadhan Siagian, Muhammad Ardiansyah, Rusdi Lubis, and Andreansyah Sitorus. “Kepastian Hukum Aset Kripto Sebagai Instrumen Investasi Dalam Persfektif Hukum Islam Dan Hukum Positif.” El-Mujtama: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat 4, no. 1 (2024): 90–101. https://doi.org/10.47467/elmujtama.v4i1.413. Susilowardhani, Susilowardhani, Ashinta Sekar Bidari, and Reky Nurviana. “Regulation and the Future of Cryptocurrency in Indonesia.” International Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting Research (IJEBAR) 6, no. 3 (2022). https://doi.org/10.29040/ijebar.v6i3.6539. ARMA Law. (2022). ARMA Law. (2022). BAPPEBTI Regulation No. 13 of 2022 as a Method to Further Mitigate Future Risk in Crypto Asset Trading in Indonesia. https://www.arma-law.com/news-event/newsflash/peraturan-bappebti-no-13-tahun-2022-perdagangan-aset-kripto-di-indonesia. Diakses pada 6 November 2024. Bank Indonesia. (2018). Pernyataan Bank Indonesia tentang Virtual Currency. Terdapat pada, https://www.bi.go.id/id/publikasi/ruang-media/news-release/Pages/sp_200418.aspx. Diakses pada 6 November 2024. Central Bank of Ireland. (2023). Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (MiCAR). Terdapat pada, https://www.centralbank.ie/regulation/markets-in-crypto-assets-regulation. Diakses pada 6 November 2024. Crypto Council for Innovation. (2023). Policy Brief: Japan’s FSA Crypto Asset and Stablecoin Framework. Terdapat pada, https://cryptoforinnovation.org/policy-brief-summary-of-japanese-fsa-crypto-asset-and-stablecoins-framework/. Diakses pada 6 November 2024. Europan Union Law. (2023). European crypto-assets regulation (MiCA). Terdapat pada, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/EN/legal-content/summary/european-crypto-assets-regulation-mica.html. Diakses pada 6 November 2024. European Parliament. (2020). Markets in Crypto-assets Regulation (MiCA). Terdapat pada, https://eur-lex.europa.eu. Diakses pada 6 November 2024. European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA). (2020). Markets in Crypto-assets (MiCA). Terdapat pada, https://www.esma.europa.eu/policy-activities/markets-in-crypto-assets-mica. Diakses pada 6 November 2024. Financial Services Agency Japan. (2017). Payment Services Act. Terdapat pada, https://www.fsa.go.jp/en/news/2021/20210112.html. Diakses pada 6 November 2024. Hukumonline. (2022). Menyoal Kepastian Hukum Transaksi Kripto. Terdapat pada, https://www.hukumonline.com/berita/a/kepastian-hukum-transaksi-aset-kripto-lt62033356b87cd/. Diakses pada 6 November 2024. Japan FSA. (2017). Japan's FSA Clarifies Regulatory Position on Initial Coin Offerings, Warns of Risks. Terdapat pada, https://www.jonesday.com/-/media/files/publications/2017/12/japans-fsa-clarifies-regulatory-position-on-initia/files/japan-fsapdf/fileattachment/japan-fsa.pdf?rev=9fe15aae55b34f6c996fece06883b3cc&sc_lang=en. Diakses pada 6 November 2024. Kementrian Perdagangan RI. (2023). Tokocrypto: Daftar 501 Aset Kripto Legal dari Bappebti Bisa Lindungi Konsumen. Terdapat pada, https://www.kemendag.go.id/berita/pojok-media/tokocrypto-daftar-501-aset-kripto-legal-dari-bappebti-bisa-lindungi-konsumen. Diakses pada 6 November 2024. LPM Azas Fakultas Hukum, Muhammad Dzaka Ramzy. (2021). Legalitas Crypto Currency/Mata Uang Kripto Sebagai Alat Transaksi di Tinjau dari Aspek Hukum Indonesia.Terdapad pada, https://lpmazas.umm.ac.id/id/pages/opini-tentang-hukum/legalitas-crypto-currencymata-uang-kripto-sebagai-alat-transaksi-di-tinjau-dari-aspek-hukum-indonesia.html. Diakses pada 6 November 2024. SSEK Law Firm. (2023). Regulating the Promotion or Use of Cryptoassets in Indonesia. https://ssek.com/blog/regulating-the-promotion-or-use-of-cryptoassets-in-indonesia/?lang=id UUD NRI. Tahun 1945 UU RI No. 7 tahun 2011 tentang Mata Uang. Peraturan Bank Indonesia No. 18/40/PBI/2016 tentang penyelenggaraan pemrosesan transaksi pembayaran. Peraturan Bappebti No. 5 Tahun 2019 tentang Ketentuan Teknis Penyelenggaraan Pasar Fisik Aset Kripto (Crypto Asset) di Bursa Berjangka.
Keabsahan Penerbitan Izin Usaha Pertambangan di Kabupaten Konawe Kepulauan Mirdan, Mirdan; Iskandar Ichlas, Rudy; Nashriany Jufri, Nur; Umar, Wahyudi
Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis Vol 5 No 11 (2024): Tema Hukum Lingkungan
Publisher : CV Rewang Rencang

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This study examines the legality of the IUP issuance process in Konawe Islands Regency, identifies potential administrative and legal violations, and provides recommendations to strengthen regulatory compliance. The research method used is normative juridical with a legal and case study approach. The results show that most IUPs in Konawe Islands Regency are issued without meeting administrative requirements, such as adequate environmental studies and consultations with affected communities. In addition, inconsistencies were found in the licensing process, such as procedural violations by the authorities that caused conflicts of interest and losses to the local community. This shows that there is a gap in the supervision and implementation of regulations.
PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF INDONESIA AND THAILAND Masykuri, Masykuri; Rustan, Ahmad; Ichlas, Rudy Iskandar; Umar, Wahyudi
Kanun Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 26, No 3: December 2024: Law and Justice in Digital Age
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/kanun.v26i3.32697

Abstract

The idea of revising the 1945 Constitution is likely to spark debate. Nevertheless, Article 37 of the 1945 Constitution has provided a mechanism for amendment, rather than replacement, of the constitution. The amendments to the 1945 Constitution are now mandatory, as previously decreed by the MPR leadership, which will be continued by the current leadership. This paper examines the role of public participation in the amendment of constitutions in Indonesia and Thailand. The study employs a normative legal research approach, utilizing statutes, conceptual frameworks, and comparative analyses. Data was collected from books, academic journals, relevant laws, and regulations. The results indicate that the forms of public participation in Indonesia and Thailand in the constitution-making and amendment processes are largely similar, including public hearings, working visits, socialization, seminars, workshops, and discussions. However, a notable difference exists in that Indonesia lacks explicit provisions for public participation in its constitutional amendment process, whereas Thailand has established clear regulations. It is recommended that Indonesia clearly regulate public participation as a procedure in its constitution-making and amendment processes.
Tanggung Jawab Hukum Maskapai Penerbangan Terhadap Kehilangan dan Kerusakan Barang Bagasi Penumpang Saputra, Muhammad Rozak Surya; Akib, Maruf; Jafar, Andi Muhammad; Umar, Wahyudi
Amnesti: Jurnal Hukum Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purworejo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37729/amnesti.v7i1.6061

Abstract

Banyaknya perusahaan penerbangan di Indonesia yang beroperasi, namun seringkali mengabaikan tanggung jawab mereka terhadap barang bawaan penumpang. Hal ini seringkali menimbulkan ketidaknyamanan dan kerugian bagi penumpang, ketidaknyamanan dan kerugian penumpang dalam transportasi umum merupakan isu kompleks yang memerlukan perhatian dari berbagai pihak untuk meningkatkan kualitas layanan dan keselamatan, salah satunya dalam transportasi umum udara sehingga perlu adanya perlindungan hukum dan tanggung jawab hukum maskapai penerbangan. Penelitian ini mengkaji tanggung jawab hukum maskapai penerbangan terhadap kehilangan dan kerusakan barang bagasi penumpang. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian hukum normatif yang didukung oleh pendekatan perundang-undangan dan menggunakan bahan sekunder, primer, dan tersier yang berisi kaidah hukum yang relevan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kasus pertanggungjawaban maskapai terhadap hilang atau rusak barang penumpang bertentangan dengan Pasal 167 dan 168 dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2009 tentang penerbangan dan juga Pasal 5 dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 77 Tahun 2011 tentang tanggung jawab pengangkutan angkutan udara.
ANALYSIS OF CUSTOMARY LAW SANCTIONS IN CUSTOMARY MARRIAGE (HUMAN RIGHTS PERSPECTIVE FOR WOMEN) Aprilia, Anisa; Akib, Ma'ruf; Umar, Wahyudi
Jurnal Ilmiah Advokasi Vol 13, No 1 (2025): Jurnal Ilmiah Advokasi
Publisher : Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jiad.v13i1.6953

Abstract

This study analyzes customary law sanctions in traditional marriages, often contrary to human rights principles, especially for women. This study aims to evaluate the impact of customary law sanctions on women’s rights and provide recommendations for improvement. The method used is a qualitative approach with case studies, which involves interviews with traditional leaders and women involved in customary marriages. The results of the study show that customary law sanctions tend to burden women, creating gender injustice and human rights violations.  Keywords: Customary Law; Human Rights; Woman; Penalty; Gender Equality