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Abd. Kakhar Umar
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Sciences of Pharmacy
Published by ETFLIN
ISSN : 28307046     EISSN : 28307259     DOI : https://doi.org/10.58920/sciphar
Core Subject : Health, Science, Engineering,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Sciences of Pharmacy (SciPhar) is an international, peer-reviewed open-access journal of pharmacy. We offer a platform and place for researchers and intellectuals, especially the youth, to share their insights and works. Every year, we hold seminars/webinars under the ETFLIN Scientific Society to facilitate the exchange of information concerning pharmacist research progress. Publication on SciPhar is free of charge at any stage. Scope We are accepting articles related to drug development (preclinical and clinical drug development, drug delivery, and pharmaceutical formulation). Fundamental and clinical pharmacology (drug mechanisms, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, drug metabolism, and pharmacogenetics). Pharmaceuticals (gene-based, cell-based, protein-based therapy, other drug modalities, routes of administration, drug classes, drug nomenclature). Drug toxicity and safety (drug-drug interactions, adverse drug reactions, mechanisms of drug toxicity, pharmacovigilance). Pharmacoepidemiology, pharmacoeconomics, and pharmacy.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Lain-Lain)
Articles 112 Documents
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Evaluation of Medication Errors in Transcribing and Dispensing Processes of Outpatient E-Prescriptions at Persahabatan General Hospital Khairani, Sondang; Nurhayati, Fitri; Kurnia, Mala; Manninda, Reise; Ariani, Lusiana
Sciences of Pharmacy Volume 4 Issue 2
Publisher : ETFLIN Publishing House

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58920/sciphar0402316

Abstract

Persahabatan General Hospital provides a variety of healthcare services, including outpatient care. Medication errors are errors in the prescribing, dispensing, and administration process that can be considered risk factors for patients. This study aims to evaluate medication errors in the transcription and dispensing phases of outpatient e-prescriptions at Persahabatan General Hospital during the period January - February 2024. This research is a descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional design. Data were collected through prospective observation and analyzed descriptively to determine the percentage of medication errors. Of the 363 e-prescriptions observed, the results showed no errors in the transcribing phase. However, in the dispensing phase, there were 50 (6.07%) incidents of incorrect preparing quantity of medicine, 8 (0.97%) incidents of incorrect medicine medical equipment, and 7 (0.85%) incidents of incorrect dosage. These findings suggest that although the implementation of e-prescribing is effective in reducing errors at the transcription phase, special attention must be paid to the dispensing phase to reduce the number of errors. There is a correlation between polypharmacy and medication errors in the dispensing phase, p-value <0.001. All of these errors are resolved before the medication is administered to the patient.
Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of Pandanus amaryllifolius Leaf Extract, Fractions, and Isolate and Their Role in Anti-Dandruff Shampoo Optimization Wijayanti, Rina; Susmayanti, Windi; Meliana, Dias Feni; Fauziyah, Afifah Husnun; Anjeline, Aprilia Mega; Putri, Devyra Yunika Mutiara Sari Suwarto; Ulya, Fadhia Tafrichatul
Sciences of Pharmacy Volume 4 Issue 2
Publisher : ETFLIN Publishing House

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58920/sciphar0402299

Abstract

Pandan leaves (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) possess various biological activities due to their secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolics, saponins, and triterpenoids/steroids. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal activities of pandan leaf extracts, fractions, and isolates against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pityrosporum ovale, as well as to optimize surfactants in shampoo formulations. The experimental design used a post-test-only control group. Samples were processed through maceration, followed by fractionation and isolation using the KLT-P method. Antibacterial and antifungal activities were assessed using the agar well diffusion method. The most effective antibacterial activity against E. coli was observed in the n-hexane isolate at 700 ppm, with an inhibition zone of 19.6 mm, classified as strong. For S. aureus, the 100% water fraction produced an inhibition zone of 9.96 mm, classified as weak. The ethanol extract showed antifungal activity against P. ovale with an inhibition zone of 6.29 mm, categorized as moderate. Shampoo formulation optimization using sodium lauryl sulfate and cocamide DEA resulted in an ideal ratio of 0.235 to 0.764. This combination produced a shampoo with acceptable physical characteristics, including a pH of 5.71, foam height of 2.56 cm, and viscosity of 899.9 cps, all of which met the standard requirements.
Recent Advances in Herbal Effervescent Formulations: Challenges and Opportunities Butar-Butar, Maria Elvina Tresia; Roni, Asep; Pahlevi, Muhamad Reza; Zaelani, Diki; Sagita, Novaliana Devianti; Pratama, Reza
Sciences of Pharmacy Volume 4 Issue 1
Publisher : ETFLIN Publishing House

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58920/sciphar0401311

Abstract

The growing demand for convenient and palatable delivery systems for herbal medicines has significantly increased the interest in herbal effervescent formulations as an alternative to conventional dosage forms. Effervescent dosage forms offer rapid dissolution and the potential for enhanced absorption while masking unpleasant tastes often associated with herbal extracts. However, the successful formulation of herbal effervescent tablets presents unique challenges, including managing the complex physicochemical properties of herbal extracts, ensuring their stability and antioxidant activity within the effervescent matrix, and optimizing taste without compromising efficacy. Various studies have explored the formulation of effervescent tablets from diverse herbal sources like Kelakai root, Kaempferia galanga, and red ginger, employing different formulation methods, excipients like binders, lubricants, and sweeteners, and optimization techniques to achieve desired physical attributes and dissolution profiles. Given the expanding research in this area and the inherent complexities of herbal effervescent formulation, a comprehensive review is crucial to synthesize current knowledge, address existing challenges, and provide a roadmap for future research aimed at designing more effective and patient-friendly herbal effervescent products with improved stability, palatability, and bioavailability.
Enhanced Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Passiflora edulis Leaf Extract Nanoparticle Gel in Carrageenan-Induced Rat Model Sandhiutami, Ni Made Dwi; Desmiaty, Yesi; Fahleni, Fahleni; Handayani, Rizqya Cahya; Ciang, Windy
Sciences of Pharmacy Volume 4 Issue 1
Publisher : ETFLIN Publishing House

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58920/sciphar0401301

Abstract

Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) leaf extract is rich in flavonoids, which possess anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to enhance the anti-inflammatory effect of the extract through a nanoparticle gel formulation. Nanoparticles of the extract (NEP) were prepared using ionic gelation with a Carbomer 940 base. The anti-inflammatory efficacy of NEP was evaluated in vivo using a carrageenan-induced paw edema model in rats. Five groups (n=5) were tested: a negative control (Carbomer 940 gel base), a positive control (Sodium Diclofenac), and three NEP formulations with concentrations of 1% (NEP-1), 3% (NEP-2), and 5% (NEP-3). The NEP gels were homogeneous with a faint yellow color and a characteristic odor. Their spreadability ranged from 7.50 ± 0.67 cm to 7.69 ± 1.26 cm, viscosity exhibited plastic flow properties, and pH values were within 4.47 ± 0.06 to 5.20 ± 0.10. The anti-inflammatory effectiveness of NEP formulations increased with concentration, achieving edema inhibition rates of 3.66% (NEP-1), 68.47% (NEP-2), and 82.37% (NEP-3). In conclusion, the nanoparticle gel formulations of passion fruit leaf extract demonstrated good physical properties, with NEP-3 being the most effective in reducing carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats.
Long-Term Protection After Primary Hepatitis B Vaccination: A Systematic Review Hasniah, Hasniah; Perwitasari, Dyah Aryani; Supadmi, Woro
Sciences of Pharmacy Volume 4 Issue 3
Publisher : ETFLIN Publishing House

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58920/sciphar0403320

Abstract

Vaccination has proven effective in preventing HBV transmission and reducing related health burdens. This study aimed to systematically review the long-term effectiveness of the hepatitis B vaccine following primary vaccination. A literature search was conducted using PubMed, ProQuest, and the Cochrane Library following PRISMA guidelines. Keywords included "effectiveness," "hepatitis B," "HBV," "HepB," "vaccine," "vaccination," "immunization," "immune memory," "seroprotection," and "birth dose." Of 555 articles initially identified, nine met the inclusion criteria. Results showed that the duration of protection after primary vaccination ranges from 5 to 25 years, with an average seroprotection rate of 83.5%. Vaccination is vital for newborns, regardless of maternal HBV status, and healthcare professionals play a key role in promoting early immunization. Monitoring anti-HBs antibody levels is also recommended to assess the need for booster doses, which may help prevent HBV transmission and further reduce morbidity and mortality.
Photoprotective Cream Containing Brown Seaweed (Sargassum Sp.) Extract: Optimization By Simplex Lattice Design Endriyatno, Nur Cholis; Nurhidayat, Lina Aliyanti
Sciences of Pharmacy Volume 4 Issue 3
Publisher : ETFLIN Publishing House

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58920/sciphar0403344

Abstract

Sunlight containing ultraviolet (UV) rays is harmful to human skin health. Sunscreen is one of the trendy and attractive cosmetics. Brown seaweed extract (Sargassum sp.) has the potential to be developed into a sunscreen product. This study aimed to optimize the formula of a cream containing brown seaweed extract and its in vitro photoprotection. A simplex lattice design approach was used to factor (triethanolamine and stearic acid) and responses (pH, viscosity, adhesiveness, and spreadability). The concentration of variation in stearic acid and triethanolamine affects the parameters of pH response, viscosity, adhesion, and spreadability. The simplex lattice design predicts the optimal formula with stearic acid (17%) and triethanolamine (4%). The verification proved that no significant difference between the predicted and actual results. The in vitro photoprotective evaluation results indicate that the brown seaweed extract cream is categorized as providing high sun protection and serving as a sunblock. Optimization of the brown seaweed extract cream formula using stearic acid and triethanolamine factors has been successfully achieved. The conclusion is that brown seaweed extract cream has the potential to be developed into a sunscreen cosmetic.
Effectiveness of TB-Reminder Application in Improving Medication Adherence and Quality of Life of Lung Tuberculosis Patients in Indonesia Yusransyah, Yusransyah; Stiani, Sofi Nurmay; Chairani, Farahdina; Adini, Syilvi; Subchan, Mohamad; Ferdiyansyah, Ferdiyansyah; Putri, Nabila Septiani; Pratiwi, Rossi; Udin, Baha
Sciences of Pharmacy Volume 4 Issue 3
Publisher : ETFLIN Publishing House

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58920/sciphar0403358

Abstract

Poor adherence to anti-tuberculosis (TB) treatment continues to hinder therapeutic success and patient quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the TB-R mobile application in improving medication adherence and quality of life among pulmonary TB patients at Pandeglang Regional Hospital. Eighty-six patients were randomized into intervention (n = 43) and control (n = 43) groups. Adherence and quality of life were measured using the Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS) and EQ-5D-5L, respectively. After one month, the intervention group demonstrated significantly higher adherence (97.7% vs. 79.0%, p < 0.001) and improvement in mean MARS scores (24.7 vs. 22.7, p < 0.001). Although quality of life gains were not statistically significant overall, notable improvements were observed in anxiety/depression and self-care domains. Demographic factors influenced outcomes: patients aged 29–39 and those living with others showed better adherence, while patients aged 40–50 experienced greater quality of life gains. Women aged 51–60 living alone had decreased adherence despite quality of life improvements. These results suggest that mHealth tools like TB-R can enhance adherence, especially when supported by favorable social and demographic conditions. Tailored digital interventions may optimize treatment outcomes in TB care. Future mHealth app development should consider these social and demographic factors to maximize effectiveness and user engagement.
Nano Liposomal Curcumin as an Adjuvant: Enhancing Cisplatin Anticancer Effects in HeLa Cells Subandi, Subandi; Balindra, Fredlina Rossa; Gizta, Aura Bella; Khotimah, Husnul; Handono, Kusworini
Sciences of Pharmacy Volume 4 Issue 2
Publisher : ETFLIN Publishing House

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58920/sciphar0402347

Abstract

Cervical cancer, mainly driven by oncogenic HPV infections, remains a global health burden. Cisplatin is standard chemotherapy for advanced cases but is limited by toxicity. Nano liposomal curcumin, with improved bioavailability, may enhance cisplatin’s efficacy. This study investigated the combination’s effect on HeLa cells by analyzing Cyclin E1 and Bcl-2 expression. Nano liposomal curcumin was synthesized using thin-film hydration, yielding stable 32 nm nanoparticles. HeLa cells were divided into control and treatment groups, and varying doses of nano liposomal curcumin with cisplatin were received. Flow cytometry revealed significant reductions in Cyclin E1 (from 18.62 ± 1.45 to 5.79 ± 0.47) and Bcl-2 (from 32.56 ± 0.82 to 28.19 ± 0.30) at the highest dose (p < 0.05). Cell viability decreased to 9% with cisplatin alone and 1% with the combination. These results indicate that nano liposomal curcumin enhances cisplatin’s antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects, supporting its potential as an adjuvant to lower cisplatin doses while maintaining efficacy. Further research involving additional molecular markers, in vivo models, and clinical trials is needed to optimize dosing, confirm safety, and evaluate therapeutic potential.
Characterization of Lactococcus garvieae Isolated from Wadi Papuyu (Anabas testudineus Bloch) Fermentation of Indonesian Origin as a Probiotic Candidate Soemarie, Yulistia Budianti; Pratama, Rizki Rahmadi; Milanda, Tiana; Barliana, Melisa Intan
Sciences of Pharmacy Volume 4 Issue 2
Publisher : ETFLIN Publishing House

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58920/sciphar0402317

Abstract

Lactococcus garvieae was isolated from the traditional fermented food Wadi Papuyu (Anabas testudineus Bloch) and characterized for its potential as a probiotic candidate. Growth assays demonstrated that L. garvieae could proliferate in MRS medium, reaching cell counts exceeding 107 CFU/mL after 72 h of anaerobic incubation. The isolate exhibited optimal growth at both 30 °C and 37 °C, as indicated by significant increases in absorbance at these temperatures. However, in the bile salt tolerance test using 0.5% (w/v) bile salts, L. garvieae showed a marked decline in growth, with absorbance values decreasing substantially after 24 and 48 h, indicating insufficient bile tolerance. The autoaggregation assay revealed values below 10%, suggesting limited autoaggregation capability and reduced potential for colonization in the gastrointestinal tract. In contrast, the co-aggregation assay showed that L. garvieae was able to coaggregate with pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., and Shigella spp., with co-aggregation percentages exceeding 40% after 5 h. Antimicrobial activity tests demonstrated that L. garvieae produced strong inhibition zones (diameters >10–20 mm and >20 mm) against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. These findings indicate that while L. garvieae exhibits promising antimicrobial activity and co-aggregation ability, its limited bile salt tolerance and autoaggregation capacity are significant constraints in its development as a probiotic candidate.
Evaluation of Antibiotic Use in Inpatient and Outpatient Diabetic Ulcer Patients at a Government Hospital in Bandung Sutrisno, Entris; Anggriani, Ani; Sodik, Jajang Japar
Sciences of Pharmacy Volume 4 Issue 2
Publisher : ETFLIN Publishing House

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58920/sciphar0402318

Abstract

Diabetic foot ulcers are caused by neuropathy and/or peripheral arterial disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. These infections are commonly treated with empirical antibiotics. However, excessive or inappropriate antibiotic use may lead to resistance and poor treatment outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate antibiotic prescribing patterns, rationality, and potential drug interactions in diabetic ulcer patients at a government hospital in Bandung from January to December 2023. A retrospective observational design was used to analyze medical records of 63 patients. The most frequently used single antibiotics were ceftriaxone (51%), cefixime (20%), and ceftizoxime (17%), while the most common combination therapy was ceftizoxime + metronidazole (24%). Evaluation of antibiotic rationality showed 100% appropriate indication, 90.48% appropriate drug selection, and 98.41% appropriate dosage. Despite this, 33.33% of prescriptions had potential drug interactions with commonly co-prescribed medications. These findings indicate generally rational antibiotic use with areas for improvement in drug selection and interaction management. The study highlights the importance of continuous monitoring and rational prescribing to prevent antimicrobial resistance and ensure patient safety.

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