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Journal : Cyber Security dan Forensik Digital (CSFD)

 1 
Perbandingan Keamanan dan Performa Protokol VMess, VLESS, Trojan, dan WireGuard pada Passwall Berbasis OpenWRT fajar; Aulia
Cyber Security dan Forensik Digital Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Edisi November 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/csecurity.2025.8.2.5368

Abstract

Penelitian ini menganalisis dan membandingkan tingkat keamanan serta kinerja empat protokol tunneling modern: Vmess , Vless , Trojan , dan WireGuard . Implementasi dilakukan menggunakan aplikasi Passwall versi 4.77-6 pada firmware kustom ReyRe WRT berbasis OpenWRT 23.05.4, yang berjalan pada router STB OpenWrt B860H . Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimen komparatif untuk memancarkan parameter seperti throughput , latensi , jitter , dan penggunaan CPU . Analisis keamanan dilakukan menggunakan Wireshark untuk mendeteksi enkripsi dan potensi kebocoran data. Hasilnya menunjukkan tidak ada protokol yang unggul di semua aspek. Vless mencatat throughput tertinggi (23.2 Mbit/s), cocok untuk streaming dan transfer data besar. Trojan menunjukkan latensi (110 ms) dan jitter (8 ms) terendah, ideal untuk aplikasi real-time seperti game online dan konferensi video , serta konsumsi CPU paling efisien (1.1%). WireGuard memiliki throughput yang tinggi, namun dengan jitter tidak stabil (hingga 239 ms). Dari sisi keamanan, semua protokol berhasil mengenkripsi payload , tetapi terjadi kebocoran DNS ke router lokal pada konfigurasi default . Oleh karena itu, pemilihan protokol sebaiknya disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan pengguna: Vless untuk kecepatan, Trojan untuk stabilitas, dan Vmess sebagai solusi seimbang. Kata kunci: tunneling, openWRT, passwall, keamanan, performa, DNS leak -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Comparison Of Security And Performance Of Vmess, Vless, Trojan, And Wireguard Protocols On Opwrt-Based Passwall This study compares the security and performance of four modern tunneling protocols Vmess, Vless, Trojan, and WireGuard implemented via Passwall version 4.77-6 on ReyRe WRT custom firmware based on OpenWRT 23.05.4, running on a ZTE B860H STB router. A quantitative approach using a comparative experimental method was applied to evaluate throughput, latency, jitter, and CPU usage. Security analysis was conducted using Wireshark to examine encryption effectiveness and detect DNS leaks. The results show that WireGuard achieved the highest throughput (45.2 Mbit/s) and the lowest CPU usage (1.2%), making it ideal for bandwidth-intensive activities. Trojan recorded the lowest latency (7.1 ms) and stable jitter (0.35 ms), making it suitable for real-time applications like VoIP and online gaming. Vmess and Vless performed moderately, with Vmess standing out as a balanced, versatile choice. From a security perspective, all protocols successfully encrypted payloads; however, DNS leaks to the local router were consistently detected under default configurations, posing a significant privacy concern. Statistical analysis confirmed that performance differences between protocols were significant. This study provides data-driven insights for selecting the most appropriate tunneling protocol based on specific user needs and highlights the importance of manual configuration to prevent information leakage. Keywords: tunneling, openWRT, passwall, security, performance, DNS leak
Co-Authors adisyanurfadillah Afriandi, Dian Ahmad, Mohammad Hafizi Ahmaniyah Akhyar Allo, Karmila Pare Anisa Anna Yusria Ardiansah Putra, Muhammad Rizal Aries Ariffin, Ku Halim Bin Ku Arisda Candra Satriawati Arisda Candra Satriwati Arwan, La Ode Aryani, Windri Astuty, Dewi Yuni Ayu Kurnia Sari Azizah, Azzahra Nur Baiti, Noor Bogy Febriatmoko Budi Kurniawan Bunga Juniarti Syahputri Candraningrat, Candraningrat Daud, Darwison Dewi Triantini Een Rohaeni Eka Meiri Kurniyati Elmi Zulifiyah Emdat Suprayitno Erisa Aprilia Wicaksari Erna Erza Lianti Eva Nanda Wulandari Fajar Fatliani, Nurul Firman Firman syah, Firman Fitri, Ahmad Azriel Iedil Gina Raudatul Jannah Hasriani Hendra Saputra Hendra Saputra Hendra Saputra Hendriati Hidayah, Sri Iinata Istahuna Putri Ilmi, Muhammad Ibnu Zainal Jihan Khamalat Ku Halim Bin Ku Ariffin L.M. Azhar Sa'ban Lia M Hidayat Mardijas Efendi Mubarok, Fatih Mumuh Muharam Niken Wahyu Hidayati Novandri, Athalla Novendra, Rico Novizon, Novizon Nurlaila Nurmala Nursatwika, Marcella Abellia Nuzulul Phany Ineke Putri Puput Kurnia Sari Rafif, Rifqi Rano Rassya Aulia Rahmadani Ratna Indriyani Reka Renny Maisyarah Ridho Rifqi Rina Ririn Ariyanti, Ririn Risfan Rizaldi, Andi Riska Pebriani Riska, Muhammad Riyan Roza Susanti Rusydi, M Ilhamdi Salsabella Selviana Sherry Adelia Natsir Kalla Silpi Nadia Sari Siti Arifah Sitti Sarti Sizo Karlita Sriwahyuni, Dewi Sulistiawati, Ade Chandra Syahputra, Muhammad Budi Syifa, Noor Syukri Yunus Taufiqurrahman Tsuraya, Ghaida Nur Uswatun Wini Wirawan Wulandari, Widya Febri Zaim Anshari Zaini Zaitun Zuhra Fauzia