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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Global Medical and Health Communication Public Health of Indonesia Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran Wijaya Kusuma Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases Media Keperawatan Indonesia Medica Hospitalia Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan Imelda JURNAL PENELITIAN PERAWAT PROFESIONAL Jurnal Peduli Masyarakat Indonesian Journal of Global Health research Narra J Indonesian Journal of Cancer
Murtiani, Farida
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Veterinary Other

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Biomarkers for predicting COVID-19 mortality: A study at Sulianti Saroso Infectious Disease Hospital, Indonesia Maemun, Siti; Widiantari, Aninda D.; Murtiani, Farida; Herlina, Herlina; Tanjungsari, Dian W.; Wijiarti, Kunti; Pratiwi, Tiara Z.; Matondang, Faisal; Rusli, Adria; Rivaldiansyah, Rivaldiansyah; Tampubolon, Maria L.; Mariana, Nina; Setiawaty, Vivi; Purnama, Tri B.
Narra J Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v5i2.1936

Abstract

The high transmissibility and mortality rates of the COVID-19 pandemic pose significant challenges. Patients can deteriorate rapidly, making it crucial to identify laboratory biomarkers for high-risk individuals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of various laboratory parameters, including C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, ferritin, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), prothrombin time (PT), and procalcitonin (PCT), in predicting COVID-19 mortality. A retrospective cohort study was conducted at Sulianti Saroso Infectious Disease Hospital, where COVID-19 patients were categorized into survivors and non-survivors. The Mann-Whitney test was used to assess group differences, while receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the predictive performance of each biomarker, with Youden's index (J) determining optimal cut-off values. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare median survival times, and Cox regression assessed hazard rates and the relationship between biomarkers and mortality. A total of 1,598 patients were analyzed, the majority of whom were admitted with oxygen saturation levels >95% and classified as having mild to moderate disease severity. Among them, 216 patients died, resulting in a mortality rate of 13.52%. Significant variations in mortality rates were observed along the survival functions for NLR, ferritin, D-dimer, CRP, and PCT (p<0.001). The survival curves for these biomarkers demonstrated distinct trends across tertiles over time. Among hematological markers, NLR was significantly associated with mortality (p<0.001), with a 1.5–2.2% increased risk per unit increase. Biochemical markers (complete blood count) proved to be more effective than hematological parameters (NLR, ferritin, PT, D-dimer, CRP, PCT) when evaluating individual prognostic performance. Bivariate analysis of CRP, D-dimer, ferritin, NLR, PT, and PCT between survivors and non-survivors showed significant differences. Notably, NLR and PCT were highly relevant for predicting disease prognosis and mortality, with sensitivity and specificity values exceeding 80%.
Co-Authors Abdul Khamid, Abdul Achmad Shidiq, Achmad Adria Rusli, Adria Afrina, Yeni Agustin Agustin Agustin, Heidy Aliza, Nur Ambarwati, Desi Amin, Desrinawati Muhammad Apriliani, Isnawati Armedy Ronny Hasugian Aryanto, Dara Tyas Putri Asep Purnama, Asep Asri C. Adisasmita Ciuputri, Pauline Dadang Darmawan Darmawan, Flora Honey Dinar Widiantari, Aninda Djajaningrat, Husjain Dyna Apriany Endang Sri Roostini Hardjolukito Fitri Nurhayati Fitri, Desi Yulia Fitrianur Laili, Fitrianur Hadayna, Saila Hana Yuliana Hanum, Sitti Fatimah Harimat Hendarwan Hendrawati, Nunung Herawati, Ita Herlina Herlina Heryandi, Dadang Hutabarat, Veronika Ika WAHYUNI Indawati, Eli Jahiroh, Jahiroh Kunti Wijiarti, Kunti Kusmardi Kusmardi Lisna Anisa Fitriana, Lisna Anisa Maemun, Siti Maryani Maryani Matondang, Faisal Mauliku, Novie Mieska Despitasari Mochammad Hatta Mochartini, Tri Muhammad Atoillah Isfandiari Nina Mariana, Nina Norma Norma Novi Malisa, Novi Nugroho, Anita Puspitasari Dyah Nur Farhanah, Nur Nuraidah Nuraidah, Nuraidah Nurhayati Nurhayati PERTIWI, INTAN Pratiwi, Tiara Z. Pujiantana, Artetha Mutiara Purnama, Tri B. Rahmawani, Atika Rakhmawati, Arifah Rivaldiansyah, Rivaldiansyah Rizana Fajrunni’mah rosamarlina, rosamarlina Sahrudi, Sahrudi Saputra, Mohamad Hendra Sarif, Armaji Kamaludi Septian Andriyani, Septian Setianingsih, Tri Yuli Setiawan, Guling Suci Tuty Putri, Suci Tuty Sudarto Ronoatmodjo Suliati Suliati Sumaryati Sumaryati Syafendra, Mega Oktariena Tampubolon, Maria L. Tanjungsari, Dian W. Tanjungsari, Dian Wahyu Titi Sundari Upik Rahmi, Upik Utama, Made Susila Vivi Setiawaty Wahyuning, Indah Wasilah Wasilah Widiantari, Aninda D. Widiantari, Aninda Dinar Wirasmi, Sundari Yoenoes, Dedet Hidayati Yogasara, Yoseph Yulianto, Aris