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Detection of Escherichia coli Contamination Using Most Probable Number (MPN) Methods of Jamu Pahitan in Singaparna District, Tasikmalaya Syifa Sri Rahmawati; Richa Mardianingrum; Susanti Susanti
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.142.757-761

Abstract

Indonesians consume a lot of traditional jamu, including jamu pahitan. However, the hygiene aspect in the production and serving process is often neglected, so it has the potential to be contaminated with Escherichia coli. Using the MPN method, this study analyzed the presence of E. coli in jamu pahitan sold in Singaparna District. A total of 10 samples were tested, taken from jamu vendors who used plastic bottle packaging. The MPN test results showed that all samples contained E. coli with MPN values ranging from 6.0-1100 g/mL. None of the samples met food safety standards based on SNI 7388:2009, because the maximum limit of E. coli in drinks is <3 MPN/mL. The results of Gram staining of bacteria showed that the bacteria found were bacilli, red in color, including Gram-negative bacteria, indicating the presence of E. coli bacteria.
Stability in Artificial Intestinal Fluid of Mangosteen Peel Extract Nanoencapsulation Cross-Linking Chitosan With Sodium Tripolyphosphate Andri Kusmayadi; Richa Mardianingrum; Yanti, Yanti
Farmasains : Jurnal Farmasi dan Ilmu Kesehatan Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/farmasains.v11i1.44031

Abstract

The ratio of the protective walls has a major effect on the stability of the resulting nanocapsules. The purpose of the study is to investigate the formulation and characterization of mangosteen peel extract nanoencapsulation (MPEN) utilizing chitosan cross-linked with STPP in various ratios to stability in artificial intestinal fluid (AIF). Mangosteen peel was extracted using ethanol and maceration method. The ionic gelation process was used to synthesize MPEN. Mangosteen peel extract (MPE), chitosan solution, and STPP were combined to generate MPEN. Chitosan and STPP have the following ratios: 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, and 5:1. The mechanism of the ionic gelation interaction between chitosan and STPP occurs through gel formation via ionic bonds between the positive charge of chitosan and the negative charge of STPP. The results showed that the ratio of chitosan:STPP had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the stability of nanocapsules. The use of chitosan:STPP ratio at levels 1:1 to 4:1 (T1 - T4) was able to increase the stability value to 90.309% - 90.765%. While the ratio of 5:1 produced the lowest stability value of only 89.990%. The chitosan:STPP ratio at a balanced level of 1:1 is recommended as the optimal ratio to increase the stability values.
Kuersetin: Penghambat Uridin 5-Monofosfat Sintase sebagai Kandidat Antikanker Ruswanto, Ruswanto; Garna, Imam Mustaqim; Tuslinah, Lilis; Mardianingrum, Richa; Lestari, Tresna; Nofianti, Tita
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 14, No 2 (2018): September
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/alchemy.14.2.14396.236-254

Abstract

Kanker adalah pembentukan jaringan baru yang abnormal dan bersifat ganas. Efek toksisitas yang ditimbulkan pada setiap senyawa obat antikanker selalu menjadi problem dalam pengobatan kanker dengan cara kemoterapi, maka dari itu perlu dicari alternatife lain untuk mengatasi kanker. Kuersetin telah diketahui mempunyai aktivitas sitotoksik pada sel kanker tapi belum diketahui mekanisme kerjanya. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan penelitiaan in silico untuk mengetahui target reseptor dari senyawa kuersetin melalui identifikasi target reseptor melalui http://lilab.ecust.edu.cn/pharmmapper/ dan studi interaksi melalui metode docking. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kuersetin memiliki aktivitas pada target reseptor proto-onkogen protein-tirosin kinase dan uridin 5-monofosfat sintase. Berdasarkan nilai energi bebas (∆G) dari hasil docking dapat disimpulkan kuersetin memiliki aktivitas terbaik pada protein target uridin 5-monofosfat sintase dengan nilai energi binding affinity sebesar -8,28617 kkal/mol dan berinteraksi dengan residu asam amino yang sesuai dengan active site dari protein target reseptor uridin 5-monofosfat sintase yaitu membentuk 2 ikatan hidrogen dengan residu Tyr 432 dan Gly 450 dan kontak bagian hidrofobik dengan residu Asn 312, Met 371, pro 417.Quersetine: Uridine 5-Monophosphate Synthase Inhibitor as Anticancer Candidate. Cancer is the abnormal formation of new tissue and malignant. Toxicity effects inflicted on any anti-cancer drug compounds has always been a problem in the treatment of cancer by chemotherapy, therefore it is necessary to find other alternatives to treat cancer. Quercetin has been known to have cytotoxic activity on cancer cells but unknown mechanism of action. This study has been conducted in silico to determine the receptor target of the quercetin compound through the identification of target receptors by http://lilab.ecust.edu.cn/pharmmapper/ and interaction studies through docking methods. The results showed that the quercetin has activity on the receptor target proto-oncogene protein-tyrosine kinase and uridine 5- monophosphate synthase. Based on free energy value (ΔG) of the docking results we can conclude the quercetin has the best activity of the receptor target uridine 5- monophosphate synthase with a binding affinity energy value of -8.28617 kcal/mol and interacts with the amino acid residues to the active site of the receptor target 5-uridine monophosphate synthase which form two hydrogen bonds with Tyr 432 and Gly 450 and the hydrophobic contact with Asn 312, Met 371, and pro 417.
Studi In Silico Senyawa 1,4-Naphthalenedione-2-Ethyl-3-Hydroxy sebagai Antiinflamasi dan Antikanker Payudara Richa Mardianingrum; Kamiel Roesman Bachtiar; Susanti Susanti; Aas Nuraisah Aas Nuraisah; Ruswanto Ruswanto
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 17, No 1 (2021): March
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/alchemy.17.1.43979.83-95

Abstract

Inflamasi merupakan suatu respon dari tubuh terhadap adanya cedera maupun infeksi yang ditandai dengan timbulnya kemerahan, demam, bengkak, nyeri dan hilangnya fungsi. Inflamasi berkontribusi terhadap ketidakseimbangan sekresi sitokin yang akan menghambat terjadinya apoptosis pada sel kanker sehingga menyebabkan hiperproliferasi sel. Kanker payudara merupakan salah satu penyakit kanker dengan prevalensi tertinggi di urutan ke dua di dunia. Penelitian terdahulu melaporkan pemberian minyak atsiri rimpang bangle (Zingiber purpureum Roxb.) secara topikal mampu memberikan penghambatan inflamasi yang lebih tinggi daripada triamcinolone, namun spesifik senyawa yang berpotensinya belum diketahui. Tujuan dari penelitian ini, yakni mencari senyawa aktif hasil analisis GCMS minyak atsiri rimpang bangle yang berpotensi sebagai antiinflamasi dan antikanker payudara secara in silico. Metode yang digunakan berupa screening Lipinski’s rule of Five, farmakokinetika dan toksisitas senyawa hasil analisis GC-MS, serta penambatan molekul dan dinamika molekular. Hasil screening dan simulasi penambatan molekul menunjukkan bahwa senyawa 1,4-naphthalenedione-2-ethyl-3-hydroxy dapat berikatan dengan reseptor COX-1 (antiinflamasi), dan hERα (antikanker payudara), namun lebih selektif terhadap reseptor COX-1 dengan nilai energi bebas (ΔG) yang lebih kecil yakni sebesar -7,20 kkal/mol, dibandingkan dengan interaksinya terhadap reseptor Erα yang bernilai -6,00 kkal/mol. Hasil simulasi dinamika molekular menggunakan metode kalkulasi MM-GBSA menunjukkan bahwa kompleks (1,4-naphthalenedione-2-ethyl-3-hydroxy)-(COX-1) memiliki nilai ∆GTOTAL sebesar -24,22 kkal/mol. Nilai ini lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan ∆GTOTAL kompleks (1,4-naphthalenedione-2-ethyl-3-hydroxy)-(hErα) sebesar -8,92 kkal/mol). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat afinitas 1,4-naphthalenedione-2-ethyl-3-hydroxy terhadap COX-1 diprediksi lebih baik dan lebih poten sebagai antiinflamasi dibandingkan sebagai antikanker payudara.In Silico Study of 1,4-Naphthalenedione-2-Ethyl-3-Hydroxy Compounds as Anti-inflamation dan Breast Anticancer. Inflammation is a response from the body to injury or infection which is characterized by redness, fever, swelling, pain, and loss of function. Inflammation contributes to the imbalance of cytokine secretion which will inhibit apoptosis in cancer cells, causing cell hyperproliferation. Breast cancer is one of the cancer diseases with the second-highest prevalence in the world. The pioneering works reported that topical application of Bangle (Zingiber purpureum R) was able to provide a higher inhibition of inflammation than triamcinolone, however, the specific potential of the compound was unknown. The purpose of this study is to find active compounds that have the potential to be anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer in the breast using in silico approach. The methods used are screening Lipinski’s Rule of Five, pharmacokinetics and toxicity of compounds from GC-MS analysis and molecular docking, and molecular dynamics. The screening and molecular docking simulation results showed that the compound 1,4-naphthalenedione-2-ethyl-3-hydroxy can bind to COX-1 (anti-inflammatory), and ERα (Estrogen Reseptor α), but was more selective towards COX-1 receptor with a binding affinity (ΔG) -7.20 kcal/mol, compare to its interaction with ERα which is -6.00 kcal/mol. The results of molecular dynamics simulation using the MM-GBSA calculation method show that the complex (1,4-naphthalenedione-2-ethyl-3-hydroxy)-(COX-1) has a value of ∆GTOTAL of -24.22 kcal/mol). This value is smaller than ∆GTOTAL of the complex (1,4-naphthalenedione-2-ethyl-3-hydroxy)-(hErα) of -8.92 kcal/mol. The results indicate that the affinity level of 1,4-naphthalenedione-2-ethyl-3-hydroxy to COX-1 was predicted to be better and more potent as an anti-inflammatory than as an anti-breast cancer.
Co-Authors Aas Nuraisah Aas Nuraisah Aas Nuraisah Adinda Putri Amanda Afriliani, Sindy Aguslina Kirtishanti Agustien, Gina Septiani Ai Teni Siti Robi`ah Amelia, Widya Puspitasari Andri Kusmayadi Arif Budiman Arry Yanuar AYU RAHMAWATI Bachtiar, Kamiel Roesman Delis Susilawati Diah Lia Aulifa Dudi Nurmalik Elis Nurul Ikhlas Elsi Eryanti Fajar Setiawan Falya, Yuniarti Feri Sandria Fessolsalmin, Muhammad Firiani, Yuli Garna, Imam Mustaqim Gatut Ari Wardani Gina Septiani Agustien Gina Septiani Agustien Gina Septiani Agustien Ginna Sri Nuryani Gramita, Widya Siva Hadiwijaya, Nathannael Adrya Harfiah Nur Aini Hartono, Sugianto Ayudha Ikram, Nur Kusaira Khairul Indah Cantika Indri Rahmawati Irma Andriani Isti Daruwati Jhoni, I Made Kamiel Roesman Bachtiar Korry Novitriani, Korry Kuncoro, Aditiya Kurniawan, Rian Liawardi, Petra Pahlawanda Chrisanto Lilis Tuslinah Lilis Tuslinah, Lilis Lina Rahmawati Rizkuloh Makiyatuzahro, Dede Avissa Mardhiah Mardhiah Mardhiah Mardhiah Mas'ud, Ibnu Meylany Sity Rossy Lestary Mia Nurfazriah Mida Hamidah Mochamad Herdi Nurzaman Monikasari, Hesti Muchtaridi Muchtaridi Nahariyah, St. Rohmani Napitupulu, Gloria Neta Ekayanti Suganda Nisa Uswatun Khasanah Nitya Nurul Fadilah Nofianti, Tita Nofriyaldi, Ali Nur Aji Nur Aji Nur Ihsani Pertiwi Nur Laeli Dwi Hidayati Nur Laili Dwi Hidayati Nur Rahayuningsih Nur Rahayuningsih, Nur Nurlaila, Putri Saniah Nurmalik, Dudi Nurmalik, Dudi Nursuhud Nursuhud Nursuhud Nurul Frasiska Oktariani, Anisa Pertiwi, Nur Ihsani Pratama, Rizki Pratita, Anindita Tri Kusuma Pratomo, Muhammad Fadhil Putri Dian Wulansari Renadi, Sedin Rifda Naufalin Rizgy Anggia Ruswanto, Ruswanto Ryan Apriandi Sa'banah, Nonah Sarwatiningsih, Yunia Sarwatiningsih, Yunia Septian, Ade Dwi Setyawati, Luthfi Utami Sindy Afriliani Siswandono, Siswandono Srie Rezeki Nur Endah Srie Rezeki Nur Endah Suhardiana, Eddy Suharyani, Ine Suharyani SUSANTI Susanti Susanti Susanti Susanti Susanti Susanti Susanti Susanti Syifa Alifia Lukman Syifa Sri Rahmawati Tammy Riyanda Julianti Tati Herlina Tifa Nofianti Tita Nofianti Tita Nofianti, Tita Tresna Lestari, Tresna Tuslinah, Lilis Unang Supratman Vikandari, Sonya Nurizki Walid, Rifan Afrian Nur Winda Trisna Wulandari, Winda Trisna Wirantono, Sebastian Nathanoel Yanti Yanti Yuliawati, Sri Yunia Sarwatiningsih