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All Journal Medical Journal of Indonesia Sari Pediatri Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional (National Public Health Journal)

Saptawati Bardosono

Department Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta

Author-ID : 240837

Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

Published : 21 Documents Claim Missing Document

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Assessment of the nutrient intake and micronutrient status in the first trimester of pregnant women in Jakarta Wibowo, Noroyono; Bardosono, Saptawati; Irwinda, Rima; Syafitri, Inayah; Putri, Atikah S.; Prameswari, Natasya
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 26, No 2 (2017): June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Background: Maternal nutrition before and during pregnancy is important for a healthy pregnancy outcome. According to National Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) 2013, 24.2% of pregnant women are at risk of chronic malnutrition and 37.1% of them suffer from anemia. The aim of this study was to obtain information about the nutrient intake and serum micronutrient status in the first trimester of pregnant women in Jakarta.Methods: A descriptive study was conducted towards 234 pregnant women with gestational age no more than 14 weeks. The nutrient intake data was obtained from the conversion of frequency food questionnaire (FFQ) which was semi quantitative data using a Nutrisurvey application. The maternal serum was examined to obtain data about nutrient level.Results: The mean of daily maternal energy intake was 1,256.1 kcal. Most subjects had nutrient intake below the recommendations of Institute of Medicine (IOM) and recommended dietary allowances (RDA), i.e. energy (88.9%), protein (80.8%), iron (85%), folic acid (74.8%), calcium (90.6%), and zinc (94.9%). However, they showed a high intake level of vitamin A (70.5%). Most subjects had deficiency in vitamin A (69.7%), vitamin D (99.6%), and zinc (81.2). No correlation was found between the maternal nutrient intake and nutritional status.Conclusion: Most of the first-trimester-pregnant-women in Jakarta had low maternal energy and nutrient intake, except for vitamin A, as well as low serum vitamin A, vitamin D, and zinc level.

The effect of Bifidobacterium animalis lactis HNO19 supplementation among pregnant and lactating women on interleukin-8 level in breast milk and infant’s gut mucosal integrity Dewanto, Naomi E.F.; Firmansyah, Agus; Sungkar, Ali; Dharmasetiawani, Nani; Sastroasmoro, Sudigdo; Kresno, Siti B.; Suradi, Rulina; Bardosono, Saptawati; Prasetyo, Dwi
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 26, No 3 (2017): September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Background: Newborn’s gut mucosal is not fully developed, therefore infants are prone to diarrhea. Probiotic supplementation is known to induce the gut mucosal maturity. This study aimed to identify whether probiotics supplementation among pregnant women since the third trimester would increase the infant’s gut mucosal integrity.Methods: A double-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted to understand the potential effect of probiotic supplementation on the level of probiotics and IL-8 in breastmilk, urine IFABP, faecal α-1-antytripsin (AAT) and calprotectin in infant’s at birth (V0) and three-months old (V3). A single strain of Bifidobacterium lactis animalis HNO19 (known as DR10) was used since it was not the resident bacteria. The study was held at Budi Kemuliaan Hospital and its satellite clinics from December 2014 to December 2015.Results: About 14% (5/35) and 20% (7/35) of the subjects had DR10 in the breastmilk’s colostrum and at the age of 3-months. The median values of IL-8 in the probiotic group vs the placebo group at V0 and V3 were 2810,1 pg/mL vs 1516.4 pg/mL (p=0.327) and 173.2 pg/mL vs 132.7 pg/mL (p=0.211) respectively. IFABP level 211.7 ng/mL vs 842.5 ng/mL (p=0.243) and 25.3 ng/mL vs 25.1 ng/mL (p=0.466); AAT 136.2 mg/dL vs 148.1 mg/dL (p=0.466) and 24 mg/mL vs 29.72 mg/mL (p=0.545); Calprotectin 746.8 ng/mL vs 4645.2 ng/mL (p=0.233) and 378.6 ng/mL vs 391.3 ng/mL (p=0.888).Conclusion: Probiotic DR10 given to pregnant women since the 3rd trimester can be found in colostrum and 3-months breastmilk. However, it did not affect the level of other probiotics or IL-8 and the gut mucosal integrity.

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid status in first-trimester pregnant women Wibowo, Noroyono; Irwinda, Rima; Bardosono, Saptawati; Prameswari, Natasya; Putri, Atikah S.; Syafitri, Inayah
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 27, No 3 (2018): September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Background: The beneficial effects of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) on maternal health have been widely investigated in pregnant women. First-trimester supplementation of LCPUFA has been reported to play a role in the inflammatory response, thus reducing a preterm birth and preeclampsia. However, there is a lack of studies investigating the blood concentration of LCPUFA in pregnant women in Indonesia. This study was conducted to evaluate the status of LCPUFA in first-trimester pregnant women in Jakarta, Indonesia.Methods: A descriptive study was conducted using the secondary data of 197 pregnant women in their first trimester who received antenatal care in Budi Kemuliaan Hospital during February 2012 to April 2015. Nutrient intake data were collected through interviews conducted using a semi-quantitative frequency food questionnaire (SQ-FFQ). Total concentrations of linoleic acid (LA), arachidonic acid (AA), alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were measured using gas-chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Statistical analysis of the data was conducted using SPSS 20.0.Results: Most subjects had deficient blood concentrations of LA (74.1%), AA (85.3%), ALA (76.6%), and DHA (73.1%). The median total concentrations of LA, AA, ALA, EPA, and DHA were as follows: 76.08%, 14.97%, 2.64%, 6.36%, and 1.18%, respectively. The median EPA+DHA level was 7.98%. A total of 38 women (19.3%) were classified as high-risk subjects based on the omega-3 index. No correlation was observed between total DHA+EPA concentration and birth weight (r=0.027, p=0.709). However, a significant difference was detected between the concentrations of LA, AA, and ALA and the maternal body mass index (p<0.05).Conclusion: Most subjects had low intake and blood concentrations of LA, AA, ALA, EPA, and DHA in the first trimester of pregnancy.

Correlation between urinary albumin to creatinine ratio and systemic glycocalyx degradation in pediatric sepsis Saragih, Rina A.C.; Pudjiadi, Antonius H.; Tambunan, Taralan; Satari, Hindra I.; Aulia, Diana; Bardosono, Saptawati; Munasir, Zakiudin; Lubis, Munar
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 27, No 3 (2018): September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Background: Increased capillary permeability in sepsis is associated with several complications and worse outcomes. Glycocalyx degradation, marked by increased serum syndecan-1 levels, alters vascular permeability, which can manifest as albuminuria in the glomerulus. Therefore, elevated urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) potentially provides an index of systemic glycocalyx degradation. The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between urinary ACR and serum syndecan-1 levels.Methods: A longitudinal prospective study with repeated cross-sectional design was conducted on children with sepsis in pediatric intensive care unit, we evaluated serum syndecan-1 levels and urinary ACR on days 1, 2, 3, and 7. A descriptive study on healthy children was also conducted to determine the reference value of syndecan-1 in children.Results: 49 subjects with sepsis were recruited. Based on the data of the healthy children group (n=30), syndecan-1 level of >90th percentile (41.42 ng/mL) was defined as systemic glycocalyx degradation. The correlation coefficients (r) between urinary ACR and syndecan-1 levels were 0.32 (p<0.001) from all examination days (162 specimens), 0.298 (p=0.038) on day 1, and 0.469 (p=0.002) on day 3. The area under the curve of urinary ACR and systemic glycocalyx degradation was 65.7% (95% CI 54.5%–77%; p=0.012). Urinary ACR ≥157.5 mg/g was determined as the cut-off point for glycocalyx degradation, with a sensitivity of 77.4% and a specificity of 48%.Conclusion: Urinary ACR showed a weak correlation with systemic glycocalyx degradation, indicating that the pathophysiology of elevated urinary ACR in sepsis is not merely related to glycocalyx degradation.

Clinical and ultrasound joint outcomes in severe hemophilia A children receiving episodic treatment in Indonesian National Hemophilia Treatment Center Sari, Teny T.; Chozie, Novie A.; Gatot, Djajadiman; Tulaar, Angela B.M.; Dharma, Rahayuningsih; Sukrisman, Lugyanti; Bardosono, Saptawati; Achmad, Harry R.; Prasetyo, Marcel
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 26, No 1 (2017): March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Background: Recurrent joint bleeds leading to arthropathy is the main problem in severe hemophilia children. This study aimed to investigate joint status in severe hemophilia A children receiving episodic treatment in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital as Indonesian National Hemophilia Treatment Center on children (4–18 years) with severe hemophilia A, who previously received episodic treatment, with no history of inhibitor factor VIII. Hemophilia Joint Health Score was evaluated according to HJHS version 2.1 2011. Joint ultrasonography was done for six index joints (bilateral elbows, knees and ankles) using Haemophilia Early Arthropathy Detection with Ultrasound (HEAD-US) methods. Data of age of first joint bleed, number of target joints and inhibitor factor VIII were obtained from the Pediatric Hemophilia Registry and medical records.Results: There were 59 subjects aged 4 to 18 years. Twenty-nine out of 59 (49.2%) subjects experienced first joint bleed before of 2 years of age. The most common of joint bleeds was a right ankle. Mean total HJHS was 8.71±8.73. Subjects aged 4–10 years showed lower HJHS (4.6±3.7) as compared to subjects aged >10–18 years (12.3±10.3), p<0.001; 95% CI=4.9–13. Mean HEAD-US scores in subjects aged 4–10 years (18.7±5.6) was lower than in subjects aged >10–18 years (28±7.9), p<0.001, 95% CI= -12.9–-5.6.Conclusion: HJHS and HEAD-US scores of severe hemophilia A children receiving episodic treatment aged 4–10 years are lower compared to subjects aged >10–18 years, indicating more severe joint destruction in older children and progressivity of joint damage over time. It is important to start prophylactic treatment to prevent progressivity of joint damage.

The knowledge retention after continuing health education among midwives in Indonesia Bardosono, Saptawati; Hildayani, Rini; Chandra, Dian N.; Basrowi, Ray W.; Wibowo, Yulianti
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 27, No 2 (2018): June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Background: Amongst the Health Care Professionals, midwife has a strategic role in taking care of both mother and child in contributing to their survival, health, and wellbeing. The retaining midwife’s knowledge and quality of care through training on specific skills is strongly needed. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge retention among midwives after the provision of digestive health, nutrition, and parenting education sessions at immediate and three months after the education.Methods: A serial pre-post intervention experimental study was conducted from January to July 2016 to evaluate the knowledge before (pre-test), immediate after (post-test), and three months after the provision of three sessions of digestion health, nutrition, and parenting (character building) topics by the experts which covered from several areas in Indonesia. The improvement of the sufficient knowledge proportion time by time was analyzed by using McNemar test.Results: The low immediate response rate (77.2%) and very low response after the 3-month follow-up (26.4%) were revealed during the study. At baseline, less than 50% of the subjects had sufficient knowledge on digestive health, nutrition, and parenting. At immediate after and after three months, there were significant improvements in the proportion of sufficient knowledge in nutrition and parenting topics. However, there was a declining of sufficient knowledge at after 3 months group compared to immediate group.Conclusion: The knowledge retention from the continuing health education among widwives in Indonesia decreased after 3 months.

Gambaran ekspresi reseptor estrogen β pada angiofibroma nasofaring belia dengan menggunakan pemeriksaan imunohistokimia Anggreani, Lenny; Adham, Marlinda; Musa, Zanil; Lisnawati, Lisnawati; Bardosono, Saptawati
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol 41, No 1 (2011): Volume 41, No. 1 January - June 2011
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Background: Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is a rare benign hormonal related fibrovascular tumor which originates from superoposterior area of sphenopalatine foramen. Purpose: To determineER-ß expression of JNA patient at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Method: Descriptive study to determine ß-estrogen receptor (ER-ß) on 27 JNA patients who had been treated at Oncology Division ENT Departement Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital between 2001-2008 was conducted. Results: ER-ß expression of JNA in this study is 100%. Based on ER-ß staining intensity, 18.5% gave strong intensity, 29.6% with moderate intensity, and 51.9% with weak intensity. According to positive ER-ß cellular, it consist of three groups: less than 25% positive, 25-50% positive, and more than 50% positive, and the result is 3.7%, 3.7%, and 92.6% respectively. Conclusion: Immunohistochemical examination revealed 100% ER-ß expression. Keywords: Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA), ER-ß expression Abstrak : Latar belakang: Angiofibroma nasofaring belia (ANB) adalah suatu tumor fibrovaskular jinak, berasal dari area superoposterior foramen sfenopalatina dan diduga berhubungan erat dengan faktor hormonal. Tujuan: Melihat gambaran ekspresi ER-ß pada penderita ANB di RS. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif untuk melihat gambaran ekspresi reseptor estrogenß (ER-ß) pada 27 kasus angiofibroma nasofaring belia (ANB) yang berobat dari tahun 2001 hingga 2008 di Divisi Onkologi Departemen Telinga Hidung Tenggorok RS. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Hasil:Didapati ekspresi ER-ß pada ANB sebesar 100%. Berdasarkan intensitas pewarnaan terhadap ER-ß didapatkan 18,5% mempunyai intensitas pewarnaan yang kuat, 29,6% intensitas pewarnaannya sedang dan 51,9% memiliki intensitas pewarnaan yang lemah. Tiga koma tujuh persen termasuk kelompok dengan jumlah sel yang positif mengandung ER-ß kurang dari 25%, 3,7% termasuk kelompok dengan jumlah sel 25-50%, dan 92,6% termasuk kelompok dengan jumlah sel yang positif mengandung ER-ß>50%. Kesimpulan: Hasil pemeriksaan imunohistokimia menunjukkan ekspresi ER-ß pada semua kasus (100%). Kata kunci: angiofibroma nasofaring belia (ANB), tumor fibrovaskuler, ekspresi ER-ß

Prevalensi refluks laringofaring pada bayi laringomalasia primer Nasution, Dina Putri; Tamin, Susyana; Hutauruk, Syahrial; Bardosono, Saptawati
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol 42, No 2 (2012): Volume 42, No. 2 July - December 2012
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v42i2.28

Background: Primary laryngomalacia is a congenital weakness of the supraglottis structures which collapsed during inspiration causing upper airway obstruction. This condition can cause changes in gradient of intrathoraxic-abdominal pressure resulting reflux of gastric juice into the upper airway causing laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). Purpose: To find out the prevalence of LPR as a comorbid disease of primary laryngomalacia in infant using fiberoptic laryngoscopy examination, to know the characteristics of samples, and the correlation between laryngomalacia with LPR. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study to assess the prevalence of LPR in infants with primary laryngomalacia at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. LPR was diagnosed based on clinical signs from flexible laryngoscopy video records. Result: The prevalence of LPR was 90% in primary laryngomalacia. There were significant differences from three of five clinical findings with LPR, such as arytenoid edema/erythema (p<0,001), ventricular fold edema (p=0,001), and vocal fold edema (p<0,001). Conclusion: Most of the samples with laryngomalacia in this study also have LPR. The presence of LPR could worsen the clinical manifestation and delay the healing of laryngomalacia. Keywords: primary laryngomalacia, fiberoptic laryngoscopy, laryngopharyngeal reflux Abstrak : Latar belakang: Laringomalasia primer merupakan kelainan kongenital laring berupa kelemahan pada struktur supraglotis yang terhisap saat inspirasi dan menyebabkan sumbatan jalan napas atas. Kondisi ini dapat menyebabkan perubahan selisih tekanan intra-abdominal/ intratorakal sehingga terjadi refluks cairan lambung ke saluran napas atas, yang menyebabkan refluks laringofaring (RLF). Tujuan: Mengetahui prevalensi RLF pada bayi laringomalasia primer menggunakan pemeriksaan laringoskopi serat optik lentur, mengetahui karakteristik percontoh, dan hubungan laringomalasia primer dengan RLF. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional dengan metode potong lintang untuk mengetahui prevalensi RLF sebagai penyakit penyerta pada bayi laringomalasia di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo. Diagnosis RLF ditegakkan berdasarkan tanda klinis dari rekaman video laringoskopi serat optik lentur. Hasil: Prevalensi RLF diperoleh sebesar 90%. Terdapat tiga dari lima tanda klinis RLF yang berbeda bermakna dengan kejadian RLF, yaitu edema/eritema aritenoid (p<0,001), edema plika ventrikularis (p=0,001), dan edema plika vokalis (p<0,001). Kesimpulan: Hampir seluruh percontoh laringomalasia primer disertai dengan RLF. Penyakit penyerta RLF akan memperberat gejala dan memperpanjang waktu penyembuhan laringomalasia. Kata kunci: laringomalasia primer, laringoskopi serat optik lentur, refluks laringofaring

Asupan Serat Pangan dan Hubungannya dengan Keluhan Konstipasi pada Kelompok Dewasa Muda di Indonesia Bardosono, Saptawati; Surjadi Handoko, Iwan; Audy Alexander, Ruth; Sunardi, Diana; Devina, Almira
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 47, No 12 (2020): Dermatologi
Publisher : PT. Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Walaupun sampai saat ini konstipasi fungsional masih beragam definisinya, gejalanya sering dikeluhkan karena dirasakan mengganggu kualitas hidup khususnya, pada kelompok dewasa muda, dan bila tidak ditangani dengan baik akan berdampak negatif bagi kesehatan. Asupan serat yang memadai merupakan salah satu alternatif yang efektif untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, namun asupan sayur dan buah masyarakat di Indonesia masih jauh dari angka kecukupan yang dianjurkan; jumlah asupan serat harian pekerja dewasa muda di Jakarta bervariasi antara 3,3-27,4 g. Tambahan serat pangan dalam diet sehari-hari diharapkan dapat meningkatkan asupan serat sehingga dapat bermanfaat untuk mengatasi keluhan konstipasi.Although until now functional constipation still has various definitions, the symptoms are often interfering with quality of life, especially in young adults. If not managed properly, it may have a serious negative impact on health. Adequate fiber intake is an effective alternative to overcome this problem, but vegetables and fruits intake in Indonesia is still far from adequate. A recent pilot study found that the daily fiber intake among young adult workers in Jakarta is varied between 3.3â€“27.4 g. Additional dietary fiber in daily diet is expected to increase fiber intake so that it can be useful for dealing with complaints of constipation.Â

Pengaruh Stimulasi Bermain Ibu terhadap Kadar Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor dan Perkembangan Psikososial pada Anak Usia 12-18 Bulan Soedjatmiko, Soedjatmiko; Gatot, Djajadiman; Rusmil, Kusnandi; Bardosono, Saptawati; Padmonodewo, Suminarti; Gutama, Gutama; Sitorus, Rita; Dwirestuti, Ratna
Sari Pediatri Vol 27, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Badan Penerbit Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia (BP-IDAI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/sp27.2.2025.118-25

Latar belakang. Penelitian pada tikus dan orang dewasa menunjukkan bahwa stimulasi lingkungan dapat meningkatkan kadar BDNF di hipokampus, korteks, dan amigdala, yang berperan penting dalam proses pembelajaran dan memori. Namun, belum ada publikasi mengenai pengaruh stimulasi pada anak-anak.Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan pengaruh stimulasi bermain yang berupa rangsangan visual, auditori, dan emosional oleh ibu terhadap kadar BDNF darah tepi, serta perkembangan kognitif, bahasa, emosi-sosial, dan memori anak.Metode. Sebanyak 80 anak berusia 12–18 bulan yang sehat (divalidasi melalui pemeriksaan fisik, laboratorium, dan psikologis) terlibat dalam penelitian ini. Subjek dibagi secara acak menjadi dua kelompok: kelompok stimulasi (n=40) dan kelompok kontrol (n=40). Stimulasi dilakukan oleh ibu setelah dilatih selama 2 jam oleh tim peneliti, dengan menunjukkan dan membacakan 5 kata, diakhiri dengan pujian dan pelukan; dilakukan tiga kali sehari, empat hari dalam seminggu, selama 8 minggu. Kata-kata diganti bertahap setiap harinya hingga mencapai total 60 kata. Kelompok kontrol tidak menerima stimulasi.Hasil. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna dalam kadar BDNF 24,6% lebih tinggi pada kelompok stimulasi, p<0,01), serta dalam perkembangan bahasa reseptif, emosi-sosial, dan memori anak (p<0,05). Namun, tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada skala kognitif dan bahasa ekspresif (p>0,05).Kesimpulan. Metode stimulasi yang dilakukan tiga kali sehari selama 8 minggu terbukti bermanfaat untuk meningkatkan kadar BDNF serta perkembangan bahasa reseptif, emosi-sosial, dan memori anak usia 12–18 bulan.

Co-Authors Abd. Rasyid Syamsuri Achmad, Harry R. Agus Firmansyah Ali Sungkar Alida R Harahap, Alida R Andayani D. Eka Andi A. Victor Andri M.T. Lubis Angela BM Tulaar Anggreani, Lenny Anna H. Then Antonius H. Pudjiadi Arwin A.P. Akib, Arwin A.P. Atmarita Atmarita Audy Alexander, Ruth Basrowi, Ray W. Chandra, Dian Novita Chozie, Novie A. Devina, Almira Dewanto, Naomi E.F. Dharma, Rahayuningsih Dian Kusumadewi Diana Aulia Diana Sunardi Djajadiman Gatot Duki, M. I Zulkarnain Dwi Prasetyo Dwirestuti, Ratna Ermita Ilyas Gutama, Gutama Harahap, Alida R. Hindra I. Satari, Hindra I. Hutauruk, Syahrial Indra Fahri Indriati P. Harahap Inge Permadhi Ira Siagian Irandi Putra Pratomo Irwin Tedja Ismail Hadisoebroto Dilogo Ivan R. Widjaja Jowy Tani Kusnandi Rusmil Leilani Lestarina Lestari E. Dewi Lindawati Wibowo Ludwig A. Pontoh Lugyanti Sukrisman Marcel Prasetyo Marlinda Adham Mohammad Hidayat Munar Lubis Nani Dharmasetiawani Nasution, Dina Putri Noroyono Wibowo Padmonodewo, Suminarti Pandelaki, Jacub Ponpon S Idjradinata Prameswari, Natasya Putri, Atikah S. Rianita Rianita Rima Irwinda, Rima Rina A.C. Saragih, Rina A.C. Rini Hildayani Rini Sekartini Rulina Suradi, Rulina Samuel Oetoro Sari, Teny T. Sartika, Ratu Ayu D Siti B. Kresno Sitorus, Rita Soedjatmiko Soedjatmiko Sri R.S. Hadinegoro Sri Sukmaniah Sudigdo Sastroasmoro Surjadi Handoko, Iwan Syafitri, Inayah Tamin, Susyana Taralan Tambunan Teny T Sari1, Teny T Tutik Ernawati Widjaja Lukito Yulianti Wibowo, Yulianti Zakiudin Munasir Zanil Musa Zarni Amri

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