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Comparative Analysis of the Effect Dual Spark Ignition and Single Spark Ignition on Performance and Exhaust Emissions in Bioethanol-Fueled Engines Permanasari, Avita Ayu; Wahidin, Ahmad Faizal; Ismail, Hasan; Komara, Erwin; Puspitasari, Poppy; Lorenzo, Gina A.
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 8, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v8i12024p123

Abstract

Bioethanol is an alternative fuel that has a high octane value of around 100 to 110, making it difficult to be applied to spark ignition engines directly. So, it is necessary to make adjustments, including increasing combustion efficiency and thermal efficiency of the combustion chamber by increasing the compression ratio and adjusting the ignition system, both in single spark ignition (SSI) and dual spark ignition (DSI) types. The study aims to determine the effect of SSI and DSI applications on engine performance, specific fuel consumption (SFC), and exhaust emissions using 96% and 99% levels of bioethanol fuel. The results showed that, in general, there was an increase in power, torque, and thermal efficiency as well as a decrease in emissions and better SFC in the DSI engine compared to the SSI engine with 99% bioethanol fuel. The highest power was obtained at 6.89 HP or 5.6% higher than the SSI engine, and peak torque was obtained by 14.95 N.m at 6500 rpm on the DSI engine using 99% bioethanol. Meanwhile, the minimum SFC reduction was obtained at 13.87% lower than that of DSI. The highest thermal efficiency of the DSI engine occurs at 7000 rpm, which is 38.19% when using 96% bioethanol. NOx emission increased when using 99% bioethanol on the DSI engine by 15.58% compared to the SSI engine. CO emissions decreased by 72.51% in the DSI engine with 96% bioethanol fuel. At the same time, CO2 experienced the highest decrease of 76.92% at 5500 rpm on 99% bioethanol DSI engine.
Critical Solid Fraction Point Analysis: Case Study on Cement Mill Machine Diaphragm Achyarsyah, Mochamad; Puspitasari, Poppy
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 3, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (507.943 KB) | DOI: 10.17977/um016v3i22019p081

Abstract

During the solidification process, metal liquids turn into solid geometry units including the riser and gating system. The disruption in the liquid flow often causes shrinkage in the object. Critical Solid Fraction Point is a critical point where the continuous liquid supply turned solid and unable to pour to some sections. Simulation software can predict the critical solid fraction time of an object and the liquid supply behavior. The simulation helps the designer in the casting design. The application of low steel alloys in the cement industry, e.g., the Diaphragm, needs development to minimize the shrinkage. This research aimed to analyze the critical solid fraction point in the diaphragm steel casting products. The primary objective of this research was to predict the critical solid fraction point during solidification, started from the longest time in the riser/feeder using SOLIDCast 8.1.1 casting software and provided improvement recommendation to minimize the shrinkage.
Evolution of Residual Stress, Crystal Orientation, and Texture on Preheating Weld Treatment of Low Carbon Steel ASTM A572 Grade 42 Saputro, Suratno Adi; Andoko, Andoko; Puspitasari, Poppy
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 8, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v8i12024p015

Abstract

Preheating is one type of heat treatment on the material prior to starting the welding process by increasing the temperature of the material. It is used to reduce the cooling rate during the welding processes to minimize the risk of residual stress and cracking during welding. Besides the benefits of welding, it also has a negative impact, especially on the integrity of the material, because the heating process at high temperatures will cause residual stress, which will affect the mechanical properties, chemical composition, and microstructure of the material, especially on Heat Affected Zone (HAZ). This study aims to analyze the effect of preheating at a temperature of 200 ºC on the welding for ASTM A572 Grade 42 steel with a thickness of 40mm using the SMAW (Shielded Metal-Arch welding) method. ASTM A572 Grade 42 was used in this study with carbon content of less than 0.25%. Based on the results of measurements and analysis using the XRD method, it was found that preheating resulted in reducing the residual stress on both weld metal and HAZ areas. Preheating treatment also moved the peak diffraction to the right side, which means the heat treatment affected compressive residual stress rather than tensile residual stress. For crystal orientation, area [110] has the highest peak diffraction and highest intensity. This area also was found with smaller size crystal size and higher dislocation and microstrain. While bigger crystal size with lower dislocation and microstrain were found in the area [200]. For texture, the highest density was found in the area [200], while the weaker texture was found in the areas [110] and [211]. The texture was influenced by plastic deformation due to atomic structure and its dislocation.
IMPLEMENTASI MESIN PENCACAH RUMPUT UNTUK PETERNAKAN SAPI DI DESA MULYOREJO, KECAMATAN NGANTANG Andoko, Andoko; Prasetya, Riduwan; Pasha, Muhammad Faizullah; Darmawan, Muhammad Wahid; Puspitasari, Poppy; Lubis, Didin Zakariya
Jurnal Pengabdian Pendidikan dan Teknologi (JP2T) Vol 4, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um080v4i22023p75-80

Abstract

Peternakan sapi merupakan sektor yang paling potensial di Desa Mulyorejo, Kecamatan Ngantang, Kabupaten Malang. Sapi perah merupakan jenis sapi yang paling banyak diternak yang menghasilkan susu. Permasalahan peternak di Desa ini adalah rendahnya produktivitas susu karena manajemen pakan yang kurang terkontrol dan sisa pakan yang terlalu banyak yang menjadi limbah. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini melaui implementasi mesin pencacah rumput. Kegiatan penelitian meliputi analisis permasalahan mitra, desain dan manufaktur mesin, implementasi ke mitra, dan evaluasi. Mesin pencacah rumput dapat mencacah hingga kapasitas 177 kg/jam pada kecepatan 1800 rpm. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi pada implementasi mesin pencacah rumput diperoleh hasil bahwa sisa pakan berkurang dan produktivitas susu meningkat. Sehingga, implementasi mesin pencacah rumput bagi mitra efektif, tepat sasaran, dan solutif.
IMPLEMENTASI EFISHERY SMART FEEDER SEBAGAI INOVASI PENGONTROL DAN PEMBERI PAKAN OTOMATIS Puspitasari, Poppy
Jurnal Pengabdian Pendidikan dan Teknologi (JP2T) Vol 3, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um080v3i22022p99-105

Abstract

Budidaya ikan sudah dengan mudah kita jumpai diberbagai daerah karena kecendrungan masyarakat yang mengkonsumsi ikan, selain itu dalam budidaya ikan juga tidak memerlukan usaha yang ekstra namun harus dengan perhatian yang cukup. Seringkali budidaya ikan gagal dalam hasil panen karena beberapa kendala seperti biaya produksi yang terlalu tinggi yang dikarenakan overfeeding, hal ini juga akan membuat kualitas air menjadi jelek. Ibu Hunaebah juga mengalami hal serupa, karena pemberian pakan yang tidak terkontrol membuat hasil panen tidak menguntungkan. Tim PKM UM memperkenalkan eFishery Smart Feeder sebagai pengontrol dan pemberi pakan otomatis, tim mendatangi lokasi mitra untuk menyerahkan eFishery dan memberikan sosialisasi tentang penggunaan eFishery. Nantinya eFishery akan memberikan pakan secara otomatis sesuai waktu yang sudah ditentukan melalui aplikasi, penentuan ini sangat fleksibel mulai dari jumlah pakan hingga hingga frekuensi pemberian pakan. Data pemberian pakan juga akan tercatat dalam sistem dan dengan mudah dikontrol langsung oleh mitra melalui smartphone, adanya eFishery ini diharapkan akan membantu mitra untuk mengontrol pemberian pakan dan mendapatkan hasil panen yang maksimal.
Investigation of Thermophysical and Rheological Properties of Scallop Shell Powder/SAE 5w-30 Nanolubricant Purwanto, Muhammad Rizky; Puspitasari, Poppy; Permanasari, Avita Ayu; Abdullah, Muhammad Ilman Hakimi Chua
TRANSMISI Vol 19, No 1 (2023): March 2023
Publisher : Universitas Merdeka Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26905/jtmt.v19i1.9638

Abstract

Nanolubricant is a type of nano fluid that contains base-fluid lubricant (water or oil) and nanoparticles. This study aims to analyze the thermophysical and rheological properties of lubricants with the addition of nanoparticles. The nanoparticles used are Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) made from scallop shell waste. The base lubricant is SAE 5W-30 synthetic oil which has quite good performance. Synthesis of Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) into SAE 5W-30 lubricant uses a two-step method. Variations in the addition of volume fraction of Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) of 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15%. Furthermore, the nanolubricant was tested for its thermophysical properties which included thermal conductivity, specific heat, density, viscosity, and sedimentation. After that, the rheology of the nanolubricant can be known from the viscosity data by calculating the shear rate and shear stress.
Influence of additive nano calcium carbonate (CaCO3) on SAE 10W-30 engine oil: A study on thermophysical, rheological and performance Kurniawan, Dany Ardymas; Puspitasari, Poppy; Fikri, Ahmad Atif; Permanasari, Avita Ayu; Razak, Jeefferie Abd.; Pramono, Diki Dwi
Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 4 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/mesi.11724

Abstract

Researchers have used nanomaterials as additives in base oil to improve its specifications, especially to minimize wear and friction during its applications. In this study, calcium carbonate (CaCO3) nanoparticles were selected as an additive to serve as a protective layer between components and anti-wear properties. In this study, calcium carbonate (CaCO3) nanoparticles were selected as an additive to serve as a protective layer between components and anti-wear properties. Nano lubricant samples were prepared using mass variations of CaCO3 and SAE 10W-30 base oil with concentrations of 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2%, then homogenized. The nanolubricant samples obtained were analyzed for thermophysical, rheological properties and lubricant performance with the addition of nano CaCO3 in improving the wear resistance of FC25 cast iron. The results of thermophysical and rheological properties analysis suggest that the nanolubricant has better tribological properties compared to base lubricants. The highest values of thermal conductivity, density, and viscosity (40 oC) are 0.139 W/m.K, 812.203 kg/m3, and 106 mPa.s (40 oC). Meanwhile, the highest CoF, disc mass loss, and surface roughness of nanolubricant are 0.0706, 0.0037 grams, and 0.50 µm, respectively. These results indicate that the greatest wear-reducing agent is from the nanolubricant with the addition of CaCO3 nanopowder additives at 0.1 wt% concentration. These results are expected to give significant insights into the advancement of nano technology-based lubricants in the future.
Characterization of Hydroxyapatite Derived from Scallop Shell Waste Synthesized by Sonochemical Method with Different Temperature Calcination Pramono, Diki Dwi; Puspitasari, Poppy; Aminnudin, Aminnudin; Razak, Jeefferie Abd
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 8, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v8i22024p400

Abstract

One common bio-ceramic material used in the biomedical industry is hydroxyapatite. Because of its crystallographic and molecular resemblance to the hard tissues of the human body, hydroxyapatite is thought to form. Scallop shells are one natural source of hydroxyapatite, which is high in calcium. This study examines how the calcination temperature affects the characteristics of hydroxyapatite made from leftover scallop shell. Hydroxyapatite was synthesized via the sonochemical method, with calcination conducted at temperatures of 900°C, 1000°C, and 1100°C. The hydroxyapatite that was prepared was assessed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine the phase and crystallite size, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to conduct a morphological investigation, and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to conduct a functional group analysis. Phases resulting from varying calcination temperatures include hydroxyapatite and β-tricalcium phosphate. The crystallite size of hydroxyapatite enhanced with rising temperature. The morphology of hydroxyapatite exhibited agglomeration in all samples, with grain size escalating alongside the increase in calcination temperature. The functional groups generated under the three temperature fluctuations include O-H, P-O, PO43-, and O–P–O groups. The calcination temperature significantly influences the characteristics of produced hydroxyapatite and impacts its biocompatibility as a bone implant material.
Optimization of preparation parameters of palm oil-based nanofuel with multi wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) for stability using Taguchi-grey relation analysis (GRA) combination Nauri, Imam Muda; Andoko, Andoko; Prasetya, Riduwan; Pasha, Muhammad Faizullah; Akbar, Muhamad Rizky; Darmawan, Muhammad Wahid; Puspitasari, Poppy
Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 4 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/mesi.11945

Abstract

This research optimizes the preparation parameters of palm oil-based nanofuel and Multi Wall Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT) to produce stable nanofuel. The parameters optimized include stirrer speed, sonication time, sonication power, and surfactant ratio, with stability measured through absorbance and sedimentation ratio (SR). The Taguchi method, using an L9 orthogonal array designed with minitab 19.0 software, was employed for single-objective optimization, while Grey Relation Analysis (GRA) is applied for multi-objective optimization. Experimental results show that the optimal conditions for absorbance are stirrer speed of 1000 rpm, sonication time of 30 minutes, sonication power of 200 watts, and surfactant ratio of 1, whereas for sedimentation ratio the optimal conditions are stirrer speed of 1000 rpm, sonication time of 30 minutes, sonication power of 150 watts, and surfactant ratio of 1. ANOVA analysis reveals that surfactant concentration contributes the most to nanofuel stability, with contributions of 79.63% for absorbance and 82.60% for sedimentation ratio. Multi-objective GRA optimization results also show that surfactant concentration is the most dominant factor, contributing 71.5% to the Grey Relational Grade (GRG). The consistency of optimal parameters yielded by both Taguchi and GRA methods reinforces the validity and consistency of this study's results. This research provides a strong foundation for the development of more stable nanofuels, potentially enhancing energy efficiency and sustainability. These findings offer practical guidelines for real-world applications and make significant contributions to nanofuel technology
Modulating the holding time of hardening process in Q-P-T heat treatment: An experimental study on mechanical properties of medium-carbon steel plate Muhammad, Alief; Prasetiyo, Dani Hari Tunggal; Puspitasari, Poppy
Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 4 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/mesi.12053

Abstract

The metal heat treatment industry has seen substantial growth, with market projections increasing by USD 15.18 billion from 2022 to 2027, driven by advancements in technology. The iron and steel industry significantly contributes to this growth, accounting for six percent of the market share. In this evolving landscape, the Quenching-Partitioning-Tempering (Q-P-T) technique is emerging as a valuable heat treatment process for enhancing Advanced High-Strength Steels (AHSS). The Q-P-T process, involving Quenching, Partitioning, and Tempering, aims to improve the mechanical properties of medium-carbon steels through controlled thermal modifications. This study explores the effects of varying holding times during the Q-P-T treatment on the mechanical properties and microstructure of medium-carbon steel ST60-2. Steel samples were subjected to holding times of 10, 15, and 20 minutes at a temperature of 920°C, followed by quenching to 350°C and partitioning at the same temperature for 15 minutes, with final tempering at 200°C. The results indicate that longer holding times enhance mechanical properties such as Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS), Product of Strength and Elongation (PSE), and hardness, with the 20-minute sample (Sample 3) achieving the highest UTS of 74.02 kgf/mm² and elongation of 16.63%. Hardness peaked at 109.33 HRB, and improved toughness was observed due to better phase transformation and carbon partitioning (1.36 Joule/mm²). Microstructural analysis revealed finer and more uniformly distributed cementite particles with extended holding times, contributing to enhanced material performance. The findings underscore the potential of Q-P-T heat treatment in optimizing medium-carbon steels, offering a tailored approach for applications requiring superior mechanical properties.
Co-Authors A. A. Permanasari Abdul Razak, Jeefferie Abdullah, Muhammad Ilman Hakimi Chua Achyarsyah, Mochamad Adi Pangestu, Deni kusuma Afif Achsanul Choiri Agus Suyetno Ahmad Atif Fikri Akbar, Muhamad Rizky Al-Irsyad , Muhammad Alief Muhammad Amat Mukhadis Aminnudin, Aminnudin Amir Hamzah Andika Bagus Nur Rahma Putra, Andika Bagus Nur Rahma Andoko Andoko, Andoko Anwar Johari Aprilia Sari Yudha Ardianto Prasetiyo Arifiansyah, Gilang Putra Pratama Avita Ayu Permanasari Bayu Angga Pratama Boedya Djatmika Busono, Milzam Rahmat Danang Priyasudana Dani Hari Tunggal Prasetiyo Darmawan, Muhammad Wahid Deny Yudo Wahyudi Dewi Puspitasari Didin Zakaria Lubis Didin Zakariya Lubis Diki Dwi Pramono Djoko Kustono Eddy Rudianto Erry Yulian Triblas Adesta Fadhila Wahyu Putri Fitriyanto, Retnaldi Fuad Indra Kusuma Ghazali, Mariyam Jameelah Ginta, Turnad Lenggo Habiby, M. Nuril Anwar Hasan Ismail Heru Suryanto Imam Muda Nauri ING Wardana Izzatus Tsamroh, Dewi Jaafar, Rosidah Jeefferie Abd Razak Kevin Valiant Cahya Komara, Erwin Kurniawan, Dany Ardymas Lorenzo, Gina A. M. Alfian Mizar M. Rizka Gita Firmansyah Maheswara, Dharma Mahfud Ihsan Majid Niaz Akhtar Malik Abdurrachman Mohamad, Noraiham Muhajir, Muhamad Muhamad Fatikul Arif Muhammad Hanis Zakariah Muhammad Hanish Zakariah Muhammad Ilman Hakimi Chua Abdullah Muhammad Kashif Muhammad Najib Mauludi Muhammad Rizka Gita Firmansyah Murdanto, Putut Mustapha, Mazli N. A. Ahmad Nanang Eko Wahyuningtyas Nanang Qosim Nandang Mufti Noraiham Mohamad Nur Aliza Ahmad Nursabrina, Aisya Pasang, Timotius Pasha, Muhammad Faizullah Pindo Tutuko Pramono, Diki Dwi Prasetya, Riduwan Prihanto Trihutomo Puput Risdanareni Purwanto, Muhammad Rizky Puspitasari, Dewi Radja, Muhammad Bustomi Rahmah, Anisa Ur Razak, Jeefferie Abd Razak, Jeefferie Abd. Razak, Jeefferie Bin Retno Wulandari Retno Wulandari Reyhandi Katon Asmoro Riana Nurmalasari Rosidah Jaafar S. M. S. N. S. Zahari Samsudin Anis Saputro, Suratno Adi Shaharun, Maizatul Shima binti Simonne Andrean Crisdion Siti Nur Azella Zaine Siti Zaleha Wahid Solichin Solichin Solichin Solichin Sukarni Sukarni Sukarni Sukarni Sumarli Sumarli T. Pasang Wahid, Siti Zaleha Wahidin, Ahmad Faizal Wahono Wahono Wahyu Kurnianto Wahyunengsih, Wahyunengsih Warestu, Ayu Wati, Rita Fajar Widiyanti Widiyanti, Widiyanti Winarto Winarto Wiwik Wahyuni Yahya Zakaria Yazirin, Cepi