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Apigenin, an Anticancer Isolated from Macaranga gigantifolia Leaves Fajriah, Sofa; Megawati, Megawati; Darmawan, Akhmad
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 6, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.06.01.02

Abstract

Apigenin, a flavonoid compound has been isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of methanol extract of Macaranga gigantifolia leaves. Isolation and purification of apigenin conducted using chromatographic method, and chemical structure characterized based on spectroscopic data. In vitro anticancer activity test against murine leukemia P-388 cell line showed potential activity with IC50 14.13 μg/mL.Key words: apigenin, flavones, Macaranga gigantifolia, anticancer, murine leukemia P-388 cell line.
Cytotoxic of Usnic Acid Isolated from Ramalina sp.: Cytotoxic of Usnic Acid Isolated from Ramalina sp. Darmawan, Akhmad; Maulidiyah; Megawati; Ariani, Novita; Aisya, Sitti; Sukirno; Randy, Ahmad; Primahana, Gian; Hendra, Medi; Nurdin, Muhammad
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.02.14

Abstract

Ramalina sp. (Ramalinaceae) is a type of lichen known to contain many active secondary metabolite compounds that have the potential to be used as medicine or medicinal raw materials. One of the biological activities possessed by Ramalina sp. lichen is its anticancer activity. This research aims to isolate and identify active secondary metabolite compounds from the methanol extract of the Ramalina sp. lichen and to find out the cytotoxic activity of the isolated compound against MCF7 breast cancer cells. Compound 1 (usnic acid) was successfully isolated from fraction A. The isolation and purification process was carried out starting with a maceration process using acetone solvent, followed by silica gel column chromatography using a gradient solvent system consisting of n-hexane, n-hexane:EtOAc, EtOAc, EtOAc:MeOH, and MeOH with 5% increment of polarity to obtain 17 fractions (F-1 to F-17). From the 17 fractions obtained, fraction 3 (F-3) and fraction 4 (F-4) (eluted with n-hexane:EtOAc 30%), which had the same TLC profile, were combined and named as fraction A. Compound 1 (50 mg) is a yellow needle crystal that was formed in a bottle of fraction A, which was obtained after the process of combining fractions F-3 and F-4 and solvent evaporation process. The crystals were then separated and purified with CHCl3 and MeOH. Compound 1 was then characterized based on spectroscopic data. Various spectroscopic analysis data, including FTIR, 1D- and 2D-NMR, and LC-ESI-MS, show that Compound 1 is a dibenzofuran derivative compound with 18 carbons (3 from carbonyl groups (C=O) and 3 from methyl groups) and 2 hydroxyl (-OH). Cytotoxicity assay showed that at a low concentration of 18.75 ug/mL, Compound 1 caused a 67.06% decrease in MCF7 viability
Cytotoxic of Usnic Acid Isolated from Ramalina sp.: Cytotoxic of Usnic Acid Isolated from Ramalina sp. Darmawan, Akhmad; Maulidiyah; Megawati; Ariani, Novita; Aisya, Sitti; Sukirno; Randy, Ahmad; Primahana, Gian; Hendra, Medi; Nurdin, Muhammad
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.02.14

Abstract

Ramalina sp. (Ramalinaceae) is a type of lichen known to contain many active secondary metabolite compounds that have the potential to be used as medicine or medicinal raw materials. One of the biological activities possessed by Ramalina sp. lichen is its anticancer activity. This research aims to isolate and identify active secondary metabolite compounds from the methanol extract of the Ramalina sp. lichen and to find out the cytotoxic activity of the isolated compound against MCF7 breast cancer cells. Compound 1 (usnic acid) was successfully isolated from fraction A. The isolation and purification process was carried out starting with a maceration process using acetone solvent, followed by silica gel column chromatography using a gradient solvent system consisting of n-hexane, n-hexane:EtOAc, EtOAc, EtOAc:MeOH, and MeOH with 5% increment of polarity to obtain 17 fractions (F-1 to F-17). From the 17 fractions obtained, fraction 3 (F-3) and fraction 4 (F-4) (eluted with n-hexane:EtOAc 30%), which had the same TLC profile, were combined and named as fraction A. Compound 1 (50 mg) is a yellow needle crystal that was formed in a bottle of fraction A, which was obtained after the process of combining fractions F-3 and F-4 and solvent evaporation process. The crystals were then separated and purified with CHCl3 and MeOH. Compound 1 was then characterized based on spectroscopic data. Various spectroscopic analysis data, including FTIR, 1D- and 2D-NMR, and LC-ESI-MS, show that Compound 1 is a dibenzofuran derivative compound with 18 carbons (3 from carbonyl groups (C=O) and 3 from methyl groups) and 2 hydroxyl (-OH). Cytotoxicity assay showed that at a low concentration of 18.75 ug/mL, Compound 1 caused a 67.06% decrease in MCF7 viability
Co-Authors . Suwarsito ., Alfalisyado A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Ahmad Randy Ahmad Wahyudin Aisya, Sitti Alfandi, Asha Anggelina, Yosita Anggraini, Intan Anggun Puspita Ariani, Novita Arini Hidayah, Arini Aris, Muhammad Rizqie Aryawibawa, Anja Dwi Aryoko, Yudhistira Pradhipta Aryoko, Yudistira Pradipta ASEP SUPARMAN Bagis, Fatmah Bekti Divayani, Naelin Dinda Bima Cinintya Pratama Condro Nur Alim Darmawan , Althaffauz Najwa Dewijanti, Indah Dwiatmi Dini Siswani Mulia Endang Saepudin, Endang Erny Rachmawati Fadzilah, Rizqiya Nur Fitriani, Azmi Fitriati, Azmi Galuh Widiyarti Hajar, Maya Umi Hani Mulyani, Hani Haryanto, Totok Hasanah , Uswatun Hendris Hendarsyah Kurniawan, Hendris Hendarsyah Hengky Widhiandono, M.Si. S.E. Heri Syahrian, Heri Hermin Endratno Indah Rahmawati Indahsari, Ninik Dewi Irfanesa, Irfanesa Jamhari Jamhari Jaroenwanit, Pensri Kharismansyah, Alfato Yusnar Kharismasyah, Alfato Yusnar Kusbandian, Ani Leonardus B.S. Kardono Lia Meilawati Lotulung, Puspa Dewi N. Ma'rifah, Naeli Maharani, Adinda Safirah Maharani, Annisa Dwi Maharani, Wilia Krisna Maulida Nurul Innayah Maulidiyah Mawaddah, Apriani Medi Hendra, Medi Megawati Megawati - Megawati, Melliana, Sinta Bella Miftahuddin, Muchammad Agung Minarti Minarti Muhammad Hanafi Muhammad Nurdin Muji R., Tri Septin Mulyani, Hanny Mulyani, Hanny Naelati Tubastuvi Nina Artanti Nisa, Ainun Nofianingsih, Elsa Nugroho, Bambang Haryo Nur Umami, Kharisma Aulia Nurfiani, Aisah Nurhanifah, Salma Nurmalasari, Santy Pratama, Bintang Rizki Pratiwi, Firda Ardianti Primahana, Gian Purnadi Purnadi, Purnadi Puspa Dewi Narrij Lotulung Putra, Nafis Mahesa Putragita, Yudhistira Rahmawati, Dwi Vina Rahmawati, Ika Yustina Randikaparsa, Irawan Ratna Kartika Wati Restu Frida Utami Rimbawan, Bagas Akbar Dwi Pangestu Rizna Triana Dewi sandra dewi Saputra, Eqwar Satria, Agri Bayu Setiyaningrum, Anggun Siska Liana Sofa Fajriah Soleh Kosela Sri Wahyuni Sri Wahyuni SUKIRNO Sukirno Sukirno Sunardi Sunardi Supriadi, Edi Susylowati, Dewi Suwarsito Suyoto Suyoto Teni Ernawati Tri Septin Muji Rahayu, Tri Septin Tri Utami Wahyudi P. Suwarso, Wahyudi P. Wida Purwidianti Widyaningtyas, Dian Widyasmara, Meriska Yogi Widzayanto, Luthfi Arie Wiranti, Elza Devi Yasin, Roqi Yundari, Yundari Yuswandani, Arafah Esa