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Uji Adaptasi Galur-Galur Tanaman Sorgum di Lahan Kering Kota Palembang Karlin Agustina; Haris Kriswantoro; Evriani Mareza; Yursida Yursida; Desta Wirnas
Agrosains : Jurnal Penelitian Agronomi Vol 27, No 1 (2025): Agrosains: Jurnal Penelitian Agronomi
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/agsjpa.v27i1.79100

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Sorghum is a cereal plant that has great potential to be developed in Indonesia as a food crop, feed, and biofuel. Sorghum breeding has resulted in a variety of adaptive lines being developed on dry land. This study aimed to determine the adaptability of sorghum in dry land of Palembang City. The research was conducted in Sukamulya Village, Palembang City, from May to October 2021.  The experimental design was arranged using  non-factorial Randomized Block Design with treatment of various sorghum lines from IPB breeding, consisting of 11 various lines: A-18-12-7-5 (G1), A-19-18-3-8 (G2), B-14-25-5-6 (G3), B-043-16-5-5 (G4), B-4-6-7 (G5), C-248-16-5-3-4 (G6), C-267-18-18-2-7 (G7), C-375-17-5-9 (G8), Bioguma 1 (G9), Super 6 Agritan (G10), dan Samurai 2 (G11),  each treatment was repeated 3 times.  The Honestly Significance Difference (HSD) test showed that there were significant differences in plant height, number of leaves, flowering age, harvest age, panicle wet weight, panicle dry weight, 1000 seeds weight, and productivity.  C-375-17-5-9 and  Bioguma 1 were lines which were able to adapt well on dry land, because overall they showed better agronomic characters than other sorghum lines. The correlation between the characters of the growth component and the yield component showed that the number of leaves, panicle weight and 1000 seeds weight could be used as estimating indicators in selection activities for the improvement of sorghum yield.
The growth and rooting dimensions of the Local and Solomon Albizia in the agroforestry system NIKMATUL AZIZAH; NURHENI WIJAYANTO; DESTA WIRNAS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 10 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201034

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Abstract. Azizah N, Wijayanto N, Wirnas D. 2019. The growth and rooting dimensions of the Local and Solomon Albizia in the agroforestry system. Biodiversitas 20: 3018-3023. Albizia (Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes) is one of the leguminous plants that has a fast-growing character and profitable wood. Some types of albizia such as local albizia and Solomon albizia are cultivated by the community. Albizia planting can be integrated with crops such as upland paddy in agroforestry systems. Research on albizia planted in the agroforestry system was conducted to analyze the growth and root dimensions. This research was conducted for six months at the Cikabayan Field, Faculty of Forestry, IPB University, Bogor, West Java. This study was composed of two activities, those : (i) analyzing the effect of the albizia provenance on the growth of diameter, height, and canopy area, (ii) analyzing the root dimensions in agroforestry systems. The results showed that the albizia provenance had significant effect fo diameter, height, canopy area, and root length variable. F1 Solomon albizia has the best growth in all measured variables. F1 Solomon albizia has differed significantly with F2 Solomon and local albizia.
Growth of three types of sengon (Paraserianthes spp.) in varying planting spaces in agroforestry system Frisilia Sopacua; NURHENI WIJAYANTO; DESTA WIRNAS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221035

Abstract

Abstract. Sopacua F, Wijayanto N, Wirnas D. 2021. Growth of three types of sengon (Paraserianthes spp.) in varying planting spaces in agroforestry system. Biodiversitas 22: 4423-4430. Sengon (Paraserianthes spp.) is a fast-growing tree species that is commonly cultivated in the agroforestry system by communities in Indonesia, mainly on Java Island. Among several types of sengon, Solomon sengon is currently gaining popularity due to the fast growth in height and stem diameter. Nonetheless, the spacing layout of selected sengon types is unclear, including Solomon sengon, which yields more optimal growth. This study aimed to examine the growth of three sengon types (i.e., Solomon F2, Solomon F1, and local Kendal) in three spacing patterns, namely 1.5x1.5m, 3x1.5m, and 3x3m. This research was conducted from October 2019 to January 2020 (three months) in the Cikabayan Forest, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, West Java. The parameters of sengon growth observed were plant height, height growth rate, stem diameter, stem diameter growth rate, tree volume, and canopy area. Data analysis was performed using ANOVA and continued with Duncan's. The results showed that all types of sengon had optimal growth in the agroforestry system at various spacings. The growth of Solomon F2 adapted well to denser spacings (1.5x1.5m and 1.5x3m) with the highest averages in plant height, stem diameter, volume, and canopy area of ??10.50 m, 8.65 cm, 0.36 m3, and 5.39 m2. Local Kendal had optimal growth at a wider spacing (3x3m) with the highest average stem diameter, volume, and canopy area of ??8.96 cm, 0.043 m3, and 1063 m2. While Solomon F1 adapted well to the three spacings with the highest average in plant height, the growth rate of plant height, stem diameter, volume, and canopy area of ??10.05 m, 1.54 m, 8.59 cm, 0.042 m2, and 2075.30 m2. In general, it can be concluded that the Solomon F1 sengon can adapt well to narrow distances or wide distances. While Solomon F2 is more recommended to be planted at a narrower distance and Kendal local sengon is more recommended to be planted at a wider distance to get optimal growth.
Genetic analysis for designing an ideotype of high-yielding sorghum based on existing lines performance Desta Wirnas; Neni Oktanti; Hana Nur Rahmi; DEWI ANDRIANI; Faturrahman FATURRAHMAN; ERIN PUSPITA RINI; Siti Marwiyah; Trikoesoemaningtyas TRIKOESOEMANINGTYAS; DIDY SOPANDIE
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221208

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Abstract. Wirnas D, Oktanti N, Rahmi HN, Andriani D, Faturrahman, Rini EP, Marwiyah S, Trikoesoemaningtyas, Sopandie D. 2021. Genetic analysis for designing an ideotype of high-yielding sorghum based on existing lines performance. Biodiversitas 22: 5286-5292. Sorghum is a potential crop as an alternative and substitutes food source for rice or wheat. The ideal type of sorghum design for a high-yielding trait is needed to streamline the process of selecting the best genotype that can be developed into pure lines and released as varieties. The research purpose was to design the ideal type of sorghum based on the morphological, physiological, and agronomic characters that contribute to a high-yielding trait. The research was carried out at the Agriculture Research Center for Biotechnology and Genetic Resources, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia and experimental field of IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia. The genetic materials used in this study consisted of 56 F5 sorghum lines advanced from three segregating populations and 8 check varieties. The ideal type of sorghum to obtain a genotype with high grain weight per panicle was to have a phenotypic value of 150-235 cm for plant height (medium plant height). The physiological and agronomic characters obtained to design the ideal type of sorghum were stem diameter, leaf number, flag leaf area, leaf greenness, green leaf percentage, and panicle diameter with the minimum value for the traits are 17 mm, 10, 209 cm2, 44 CCI units, 48%, and 49 mm, respectively. This ideotype is going to be used as selection criteria for selection of high-yielding sorghum genotypes.
An evaluation of an agroforestry system with 2-year-old sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) and shade-tolerant upland rice SAHIDA HAURANI TSANIYA; NURHENI WIJAYANTO; DESTA WIRNAS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230261

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Abstract. Tsaniya SH, Wijayanto N, Wirnas D. 2022. An evaluation of an agroforestry system with 2-year-old sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) and shade-tolerant upland rice. Biodiversitas 23: 1159-1166. Sengon is tree species that is often cultivated with upland rice in agroforestry systems. The main obstacle of rice development in agroforestry systems are competition between plants for sunlight and nutrients. 2-year-old sengon has a wider canopy and longer roots, increasing competition between sengon and rice. Planting upland rice in this condition requires strategies, such as selecting shade-tolerant rice varieties and rice plantations inside bamboo. This study aimed to evaluate the agroforestry system of sengon and shade-tolerant upland rice when the sengon plants were two years old and evaluate the effectiveness of using bamboo to reduce the competition between sengon and upland rice. This research was conducted from November 2020 to April 2021 in the Cikabayan Forest, IPB University, Bogor, West Java. This study one-factor completely randomized design to analyze the growth of sengon provenances and a three-factor completely randomized design with three replications to analyze the growth and yield of rice. The first factor was the cultivation system (Solomon F1 agroforestry, Solomon F2 agroforestry, local sengon agroforestry, and rice monoculture), the second factor was the planting method (using bamboo and without bamboo), and the third factor was rice varieties (Rindang 1 Agritan and Rindang 2 Agritan). The results showed that Solomon and local sengon in this study had a growth that was not significantly different and had low diversity. The results also showed that 2-year-old sengon spacing 3 m x 1.5 m caused great shade and high competition, leading to low rice yields.
Performance of tomato M7 mutant lines and their similarities to the parents based on SSR markers PUTRI NUR ARRUFITASARI; SURJONO HADI SUTJAHJO; DESTA WIRNAS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230307

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Abstract. Arrufitasari PN, Sutjahjo SH, Wirnas D. 2022. Performance of tomato M7 mutant lines and their similarities to the parents based on SSR markers. Biodiversitas 23: 1239-1245. Tomato cultivation in the lowlands can be an alternative to increase tomato production so that high-yielding and lowland adaptive varieties are required. This study was aiming at determining the performance of  M7 mutant lines and their similarities to the parents based on SSR markers. The experiments were conducted at KP Leuwikopo (250 m asl) and Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, IPB University, Indonesia. The results showed that the G4 line had the highest productivity among the tested genotypes (36.72 ton ha-1) and significantly differed from all check varieties. The highest number of fruit per plant was 51.67 in the G7 line. On the other hand, G2, G3, G7, G8, and G10 lines had the lowest percentage weight and the number of fruits cracking and were not significantly different from the check varieties (Tora and Mawar). A total of 7 SSR primers detected 87 alleles with a range of 7-15 alleles per locus. The similarity between mutant lines and their parents ranged from 44-69%. The mutant most closely resembled the parent was the G3 line, while the most different based on molecular markers was the G9 line.
Estimation of genetic parameters and heterosis through line × tester crosses of national sorghum varieties and local Indonesian cultivars Fathur Rachman; TRIKOESOEMANINGTYAS TRIKOESOEMANINGTYAS; DESTA WIRNAS; REFLINUR REFLINUR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230349

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Abstract. Rachman F, Trikoesoemaningtyas, Wirnas D, Reflinur. 2022. Estimation of genetic parameters and heterosis through line × tester crosses of national sorghum varieties and local Indonesian cultivars. Biodiversitas 23: 1588-1597. Diverse gene sources possessed by local sorghum cultivars are potentially useful for superior varieties development. This study aimed to determine the genetic parameters and heterosis of sorghum lines derived from national varieties and local cultivars crosses. A total of eight F1 hybrids derived from line × tester mating design with four lines (PI-150-20A, Soraya 3 IPB, Kawali, Bioguma 1 Agritan) and two testers (Pulut 3 and Pulut 5) were used in the present study. This experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Results showed that several agronomical important traits, such as plant height, leaf number, days to flowering, days to harvesting, panicle length, panicle diameter, and 1000-grain weight were significantly affected by additive gene action, while others by non-additive gene action. Based on field observation, three out of six parental lines showed the best performance of grain yields traits. Of these, Soraya 3 IPB × Pulut 5 and Bioguma 1 Agritan × Pulut 5 crosses were the best cross combination showing high values for both combining ability and heterosis parameters. These findings would help breeders to determine the selection methods for desirable traits and cross combinations to develop a new variety with high yield performance.
Diversity of leaf rust resistance in Indonesian sorghum genetic resources FAWWAZ DINANTY; DESTA WIRNAS; TRIKOESOEMANINGTYAS TRIKOESOEMANINGTYAS; ABDJAD ASIH NAWANGSIH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 5 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230538

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Abstract. Dinanty F, Wirnas D, Trikoesoemaningtyas, Nawangsih AA. 2022. Diversity of leaf rust resistance in Indonesian sorghum genetic resources. Biodiversitas 23: 2570-2579. Sorghum is an alternative source as a substitute for rice. Leaf rust (Puccinia purpurea) is a constraint in sorghum cultivation and resistance to rust disease is a condition for releasing sorghum varieties. This study aimed to screen sorghum accessions for resistance to leaf rust disease. The screening was carried out on 48 sorghum accessions and seven check varieties, namely Numbu, Kawali, Bioguma 1, Pahat, Soraya 1, Soraya 2, and Soraya 3. Evaluation of leaf rust resistance under field conditions was carried out in IPB University experimental field Cikarawang-Bogor (275 asl) from February 2021 to June 2021. The experiment was conducted in an augmented design with four replications for check varieties. Identification of leaf rust resistance was also carried out using molecular markers designed from the Lr34 and Rp1D genes. The results revealed that 5 genotypes, namely genotypes 31 (Demak 2), 24 (IS 18551), 43 (Lokal bima 3), 17 (ICSV 93036), and 33 (Demak 5) were resistant to leaf rust with high yield potential. The results of identification using molecular markers showed that all accessions had Lr34 and Rp1D gene fragments.
Diversity of twenty-three sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharata) varieties in Indonesia FARAH SAFIRA SALSABILA HERYANTO; DESTA WIRNAS; ARYA WIDURA RITONGA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 11 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231164

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Abstract. Heryanto FSS, Wirnas D, Ritonga AW. 2022. Diversity of twenty-three sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharata) varieties in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 6075-6081. One of the most well-known vegetables in Asian countries, including Indonesia. Improving superior sweet corn varieties is important in the face of increasing biotic or abiotic stresses and consumer preferences for agricultural products. Plant breeding programs rely on genetic variability and heritability information. Therefore, this study aimed to quantify the genetic diversity and heritability of 23 commercial sweet corn varieties in Indonesia. The study was conducted at the Leuwikoppo experimental field of the Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia, from August to November 2021. Twenty-three commercial sweet corn varieties (hybrid and open-pollinated) from Indonesia were planted in the field employing a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Ear shelf life and green ear yield had a high genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), whereas plant height, ear height, stalk length, 100-grain weight, total soluble solids, green ear shelf life, green ear weight, and ear weight had a moderate GCV. Stem diameter, leaf number, leaf length, leaf width, 50% days to tasseling and silking, anthesis, silking interval, ear length, ear diameter, ear length with the kernel, ear length percent with the kernel, kernel length, and kernel width had a low GCV. High genetic diversity was present among the trialed varieties, indicating their high potential for improvement.
Genetic variability and multi-trait selection of biomass and stalk juice for bioenergy in sorghum segregating populations DARIUS DARE; TRIKOESOEMANINGTYAS TRIKOESOEMANINGTYAS; DESTA WIRNAS; DIDY SOEPANDI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 11 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251142

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Abstract. Dare D, Trikoesoemaningtyas, Wirnas D, Soepandi D. 2024. Genetic variability and multi-trait selection of biomass and stalk juice for bioenergy in sorghum segregating populations. Biodiversitas 25: 4425-4437. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is a promising crop for biofuel production due to its high sugar content in stem juice, which can be converted into bioethanol. However, the challenge for plant breeders developing bioenergy sorghum is creating superior genotypes with enhanced biomass-related traits. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic variability and multi-trait selection of biomass and stalk juice in sorghum segregating populations. A total of 320 F2 genotypes and six check genotypes were evaluated. Observed parameters included biomass-related traits and grain yield. Data analysis comprised gene action and genetic parameter estimation, Pearson correlation, path analysis, transgressive segregant estimation, multi-trait selection, cluster, and principal component analysis. The results showed high genetic variability for biomass-related traits, with coefficients of variation for fresh biomass and juice volume of 40.64% and 68.03%, respectively. Broad-sense heritability for these traits ranged from low (0%) to high (89.27) and was influenced by additive genes and complementary epistasis. All characters showed significant correlations with target traits, except for the Brix value. Direct selection for juice volume and fresh biomass weight can be achieved through stem weight. The transgressive index revealed high values, with transgressive segregants at 5.43% and 1.94%, respectively. Multi characters selection identified the 26 best genotypes for further testing.
Co-Authors ,, Mawaddah . SUDARSONO . SUWARSO Abdjad Asih Nawangsih Achmad . Adinda Wuriandani Adinda Wuriandani Agung Wahyu Susilo Agung Wahyu Susilo Agung Wahyu Susilo Ahmad Ansori Mattjik Ahmad Ansori Mattjik AHMAD JUNAEDI Aidi Noor Akhmadi, Gerland Alaydi, Nafian Amris Makmur Anita Rahayu Arvita Netti Sihaloho, Arvita Netti Atika Bakti Sari Azri Kusuma Dewi Bambang Sapta Purwoko Buang Abdullah DARIUS DARE Dedek hanafiah DEWI ANDRIANI Dewi Andriani DIANA SOFIA HANAFIAH Diana Sofia Hanafiah DIDY SOEPANDI DIDY SOPANDIE Didy Sopandie Edi Santosa Edison Jambormias EDIZON JAMBORMIAS Eka Bobby Febrianto, Eka Bobby Eni Widajati Evriani Mareza Faqih Udin Faradila Median Rini FARAH SAFIRA SALSABILA HERYANTO Fathur Rachman Faturrahman FATURRAHMAN FAWWAZ DINANTY Firman Ardiansyah Frisilia Sopacua Gopar, R. A. HAJRIAL ASWIDINNOOR Halimah Tus Sa'diah Halimatus Syahdia Hasibuan Hana Nur Rahmi Haris Kriswantoro Heni Safitri HESTI MAULIDA Hidayatun, Nurul Human, dan Soeranto I. Prihantoro, I. Imam Widodo Ishmatalhaq, Zannuba Iskandar Lubis Isnaini Iswari S. Dewi Iswari Saraswati Dewi Jaisyurahman, Usamah Jasmi Jekki Irawan Junaedi, dan Ahmad Karlin Agustina Karlin Agustina Khairil Anwar L. Abdullah Lela Marlenasari Mahpuzah, Marfiatun Manalu, Victor Manotar Pademan Mardhiyyah, Rodhiyatan Marlenasari, Lela Maryono, Marina Yuniawati Mattjik, Ahmad A Maulida, Hesti Mayang Sari Memen Surahman Mizan, Muhammad Rauful Mizan, Muhammad Rauful Momongan, Jorex Daniel Mufidah Mufidah Muhamad Achmad Chozin Muhamad Syukur Muhammad Antony Jefri Pratama Muhammad Arif Yudiarto Munarti Munif Ghulamahdi Neni Oktanti NIKMATUL AZIZAH Nindita, Anggi Nita Kartina, Nita Nofika Senjaya NUR KHOLISOH NURHAJATI AA MATTJIK NURHAJATI MATTJIK NURHENI WIJAYANTO Nurheni Wijayanto OTIH ROSTIANA P. D. M. H. Karti Patty, Jacob R Pipit Werdhiwati Prasetiyono, dan Joko Prasetiyono, Joko Purbokurniawan . Putra, B. Putri Andini Mandasari PUTRI NUR ARRUFITASARI Ratih Irma Khairani Saragih REFLINUR REFLINUR REFLINUR REFLINUR Reflinur Reflinur Rini, Erin Puspita Rini, Faradila Median Ritonga, Arya Widura S. Human SAHIDA HAURANI TSANIYA Saniaty, Arina Saragih, Ery Leonardo Saragih, Ratih Irma Khairani Sayurandi Sayurandi Sayurandi Sayurandi Sayurandi Sayurandi Sayurandi Sayurandi, Sayurandi Sekar Woelan Sekar Woelan Sekar Woelan Sekar Woelan SESANTI BASUKI SESANTI BASUKI Sherly Rahayu Siti Marwiyah Siti Marwiyah Sobir Sobir Sobir Sobir Soeranto Human SRI WARDANI Sudarsono SUDARSONO SUDARSONO Sudarsono, dan SUDIRMAN YAHYA Sudirman Yahya Sudirman Yahya Sudirman Yahya Sudirman Yahya - Sumiati, dan Sungkono Sungkono Sunyoto Sunyoto Surjono H Sutjahjo, Surjono H Surjono Hadi Sutjahjo Suwarno, Punjung Medaraji SUWARSO SUWARSO Tasliah, nFN Tias Arlianti Tri Budiyanti Trikoesoemaningtyas TRIKOESOEMONINGTYAS TRIKOESOEMONINGTYAS Trikosoemaningtyas Trikosoemaningtyas Trikosoemaningtyas Usamah Jaisyurahman W. Puspitasari WAGE RATNA ROHAENI Wage Ratna Rohaeni Wardhani, Azhahara Putri Kusuma Wibawa, Rentang Fajar Cakra Wuriandani, Adinda Yani Nurhadryani Yudiwanti Wahyu E. Kusumo Yulidar Yulidar Yursida Yursida