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The Therapeutic Effect of Weightless Music to Reduced the Anxiety of Preoperative Patient Djohan Djohan; Yanuarius Jefri Kriswanto; Phakkharawat Sittiprapaporn; Surasak Jamnongsarn
IJCAS (International Journal of Creative and Arts Studies) Vol 12, No 2 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Graduate School of Institut Seni Indonesia Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24821/ijcas.v12i2.18279

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of tempo elements through the creation of new music played to patients preoperatively to reduce anxiety levels. Anxiety in preoperative patients can be a risk factor for increased postoperative anxiety if not previously given appropriate intervention. Anxiety can cause aggressive reactions and increase the patient's experience of distress and difficulty with pain management. Music creation with tempo manipulation and sedative concepts is used to reduce the anxiety level of preoperative patients because it has a character that can provide a relaxing sensation, especially slow tempo and simple melody (William, 2018). One-shot case study pre-experimental research method was used to determine the therapeutic effect of weightless music. Five participants consisted of randomly selected preoperative patients aged 18-40 years. Each participant listened to slow tempo music for 15 minutes as a form of non-pharmacological intervention to reduce anxiety and there was no placebo. The results show that there is a decrease in anxiety levels in preoperative patients and 80% of participants thought that tempo is the most influential musical element. Tempo with a speed between 50-60 bpm can cause a pleasant sensation for subjects who are treated to listening to music. Based on the experimental results, the effect of music on reducing the level of preoperative anxiety then created new musical works.Efek Terapeutik Musik Weightless dalam Menurunkan Kecemasan Pasien Praoperasi AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh unsur tempo melalui penciptaan musik baru yang diperdengarkan kepada pasien praoperasi dalam menurunkan tingkat kecemasan. Kecemasan pada pasien praoperasi dapat menjadi faktor risiko meningkatnya kecemasan pascaoperasi apabila tidak diberikan intervensi yang tepat sejak awal. Kecemasan dapat memicu reaksi agresif serta meningkatkan pengalaman distres pasien dan kesulitan dalam pengelolaan nyeri. Penciptaan musik dengan manipulasi tempo dan konsep sedatif digunakan untuk menurunkan tingkat kecemasan pasien praoperasi karena memiliki karakter yang mampu memberikan sensasi relaksasi, terutama musik dengan tempo lambat dan melodi sederhana (William, 2018). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode praeksperimen dengan desain one-shot case study untuk mengetahui efek terapeutik musik weightless. Partisipan penelitian berjumlah lima orang pasien praoperasi berusia 18–40 tahun yang dipilih secara acak. Setiap partisipan mendengarkan musik bertempo lambat selama 15 menit sebagai bentuk intervensi nonfarmakologis untuk menurunkan kecemasan, tanpa pemberian plasebo. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya penurunan tingkat kecemasan pada pasien praoperasi, dan sebanyak 80% partisipan menyatakan bahwa tempo merupakan unsur musik yang paling berpengaruh. Tempo dengan kecepatan antara 50–60 bpm mampu menimbulkan sensasi menyenangkan bagi subjek yang menerima perlakuan mendengarkan musik. Berdasarkan hasil eksperimen tersebut, disimpulkan bahwa musik berpengaruh dalam menurunkan tingkat kecemasan praoperasi, yang selanjutnya menjadi dasar penciptaan karya musik baru.
The Role of Musical Frequency Differences in Shaping Listeners’ Brainwave Responses Djohan Djohan; Indra Kusuma Wardani; Adityo Legowo; Ahmad Insanu Firmansyah; Phakkarawat Sittiprapaporn
Resital: Jurnal Seni Pertunjukan Vol 26, No 3 (2025): Desember 2025
Publisher : Institut Seni Indonesia Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24821/resital.v26i3.17472

Abstract

Music-based interventions have been widely explored as non-invasive approaches to emotional regulation and anxiety reduction. Within this context, alternative tuning frequencies—particularly 432 Hz and 528 Hz—are frequently used in therapeutic and wellness practices and are often claimed to exert distinct psychophysiological effects. However, empirical evidence supporting differential neural responses to these frequencies remains limited, and existing claims are rarely grounded in direct measurements of brain activity. This study aimed to empirically examine whether music tuned to 432 Hz and 528 Hz produces differential effects on neural oscillatory activity, as measured by brainwave patterns, with particular attention to indicators associated with relaxation and meditative states. A quantitative repeated-measures design was implemented. Ten undergraduate music education students (aged 19–21 years) from the Indonesian Institute of the Arts (ISI) Yogyakarta participated. Each participant listened to the same musical composition presented in two tuning conditions (432 Hz and 528 Hz) in counterbalanced order. Neural activity was recorded using a single-channel EEG device (Neurosky MindWave), which provides spectral estimates of canonical brainwave bands. Delta-band amplitude was selected a priori as the primary outcome measure. Differences between tuning conditions were analyzed using paired-sample t-tests, supplemented by bootstrapping to address the small sample size. Both tuning conditions elicited increased delta-band dominance during music listening. However, no statistically significant difference in delta-band amplitude was observed between the 432 Hz and 528 Hz conditions (t(9) = −1.29, p = 0.229). Bootstrapped confidence intervals corroborated the absence of a reliable frequency-dependent effect. Under controlled within-subject conditions and using single-channel EEG-derived spectral estimates, no evidence was found for differential modulation of delta-band activity between music tuned to 432 Hz and 528 Hz. The results suggest that neural responses are more strongly driven by general musical engagement than by tuning frequency per se. Methodologically, the study highlights both the utility and limitations of low-density EEG for probing music-related neural oscillations and supports the need for future work employing higher spatial resolution EEG, baseline-corrected spectral analyses, and larger samples to test frequency-specific hypotheses with greater sensitivity.
Co-Authors Abraham Anton Febrindo Luwiga Adek Amansyah Adhi Nugroho, Jonatan Adi Kurniawan Adi Wicaksono, Rifky Adinda Adinda Adityo Legowo Ahmad Insanu Firmansyah Anggraini, Wenti Anita Merry Cisca Anugrah Zigana Sani Asep Hidayat Wirayudha Ayu Niza Machfauzia Baeha, Ferdinando Motuho Cahyaningrum, Desti Christian Cisca, Anita Merry Djuang, Michelle Hendriani Ermi Girsang Fortunata Tyasrinestu Galang Priatama, Rafla Girsang, Ermi Grasiah, Joster Hartadji, Ezer Widhi Hartaji, Ezer Widhi Husna, Fika Amaliza Hutagalung, Tommy Rizky Ibnu, Syahroni Indra Kusuma Wardani irza Haicha Pratama Khainir Akbar, Khainir Kinanti, Tesalonika Putri Lister, Gilbert Marisa Christina Tapilouw Mawarni, Aghisna Indah Mukti, Ade Indra Napitu, Sabar Hamonangan Victorianus Nardi, Leo Nasution, Ali Napiah Natali , Oliviti Natali, Oliviti NELDA, FITRI Nur Pratiwi, Dian Oentari, Widyaningsih Phakkarawat Sittiprapaporn Phakkharawat Sittiprapaporn Phakkharawat Sittiprapaporn Prayanto Widyo Harsanto Prayoon Suyajai Puspawani, Yeni R. Chairul Slamet R. Taryadi Raharjo, Rahmat Rahmadayani, Fanny Rajagukguk, Clara Terecia Rosar, Naufal Rudi Chandra Rudi Chandra Sabandar, Anna Helena Saepudin, Asep Setiawan, Chriestian Denny Sri Kasmiyati Sualang, Lady Angela Exlesia Sucahyo Sucahyo Suminto A. Sayuti Sunardi, Stanislaus Surasak Jamnongsarn Sylvana, Dhini Talya Br. Bangun, Inneke Tarigan, Setia Budi Teguh Zega, Yakin Turnip, Modesto Lam Ulido Putra Tuwio, Namuri Migo Wibowo, Dimas Andre Adi Widya Pasca Amir Widyaningsih Oentari Widyaningsih Oentari Wulan Dhari Yanuarius Jefri Kriswanto Yuliansyah, Jeri Zahra, Fifyan Nisrina Zega, Yakin Teguh