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Kartina Pakpahan
Univeritas Prima Indonesia
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Criminological Aspects Of The Crime Of Murder Committed By A Child Against Biological Parents : (Study of Decision Number 3/Pid.Sus-Anak/2022/PN Bnt) Hutasoit, Ferry Fridolind; Sulistyawati, Sri; Pakpahan, Kartina
AL-MANHAJ: Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial Islam Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah INSURI Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37680/almanhaj.v8i1.8922

Abstract

This study examines the crime of murder committed by children against their biological parents (parricide) by focusing on the analysis of Decision Number 3/Pid.Sus-Anak/2022/PN Bnt from the perspective of criminology and Indonesian criminal law. The research method used is a normative juridical case study approach, based on the analysis of court decisions, laws and regulations, and criminological doctrines and theories. The results of the study showed that a combination of internal and external factors, such as prolonged family conflicts, domestic violence, psychological distress, emotional instability of children, and weak family supervision and parenting functions, influenced the occurrence of parricide. From a legal perspective, law enforcement against child offenders has referred to the provisions of the Criminal Code and Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System, emphasizing the principles of child protection and rehabilitative punishment. From a criminological perspective, this case reflects the failure of the family as the main social environment. Therefore, comprehensive prevention efforts are needed to strengthen the role of the family, promote character education, and implement psychosocial interventions to prevent the recurrence of similar crimes.
Legal Protection for Murder Victims as Perpetrators of Forced Defense From The Perspective of Victimology Pakpahan, Kartina
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 23 No. 1 (2024): Pena Justisia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31941/pj.v23i3.5612

Abstract

Article 1 paragraph (3) and Article 27 paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution stipulate that all citizens have equal standing before the law. Furthermore, Article 28 D paragraph (1) states that everyone has the right to recognition, guarantee, protection, and certainty of fair law and equal treatment before the law. These provisions stipulate that all orders in national, social and state life are based on applicable laws and regulations. Therefore, all actions should be carried out according to the law, both by society and law enforcement. Psychologically, everyone does not want to lose their lives and property. In criminal acts, some victims react with resistance and some do not. But among the many crimes, it turns out that there are victims who react with resistance to the point of paralyzing the perpetrator of the crime, even to the point of causing the perpetrator to lose his life. As a result, the victim's self-defense efforts give rise to a case, namely being named a suspect for the crime. Therefore, this study aims to determine how legal protection is for victims of robbery as perpetrators of forced defense from a victimology perspective. This research was conducted using an empirical legal method, using progressive legal theory and legal justice theory. So that through this research, it was found that there was a change in understanding of investigators and investigators at the Indonesian Police that based on legal theory, there is an exception to the determination of a suspect or it can be said as a reason for the elimination of a criminal offense, namely justification and forgiveness as a duty and as self-defense for a crime.
Legal Protection for Victims of Acute Kidney Injury in Children Caused by Hazardous Syrup Medicines in Indonesia Yudiyanto, Ade Rachmat; Sulistyawaty, Sri; Pakpahan, Kartina
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 23 No. 2 (2024): Pena Justisia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31941/pj.v23i2.6894

Abstract

This study examines the legal protection for victims of acute kidney failure in children caused by the consumption of syrup-based medicines containing diethylene glycol (DEG) and/or ethylene glycol (EG) in Indonesia. Using a normative juridical method, this article analyzes relevant legislation concerning victim assistance, the rights of victims' families under the Consumer Protection Law, and the implementation of legal accountability by the government, the National Agency of Drug and Food Control (BPOM), and pharmaceutical businesses. The findings reveal that although a legal framework is in place, significant challenges persist in law enforcement and the fulfillment of victims' rights. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen consumer protection mechanisms and enforce strict legal measures to prevent similar cases from recurring and to ensure justice for the victims
Enhancing Competence and Legal Safeguards for Foreign Medical Professionals under the ASEAN Mutual Recognition Arrangement (MRA): A Case Study of Indonesia Roswita Sitompul; Tommy Leonard; Kartina Pakpahan; Thela Valentine; Merry Roseline Pasaribu
Khazanah Hukum Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): Khazanah Hukum Vol 5, No 2 August (2023)
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/kh.v5i2.28721

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the regulation of the medical profession in Indonesia in implementing the Mutual Recognition Arrangement (MRA), as well as the legal response to violations by foreign doctors and the government's efforts to increase the competitiveness of ASEAN foreign doctors in MRA professional standards. The normative-empirical method is used by collecting data through field studies, literature studies, and qualitative analysis. The results of the study show that a number of regulations including the Medical Practice Act, the Health Law, and the Presidential Decree regarding foreign workers governs the regulation of the medical profession in Indonesia related to MRA. The government is also trying to increase the competitiveness of foreign doctors by providing quality health infrastructure and creating a conducive investment climate. Legal responsibility for foreign doctors' violations of the medical profession includes civil, criminal and administrative aspects. This research provides insight into legal protection for the medical profession in the implementation of MRA and emphasizes the importance of government steps in increasing the competence of foreign doctors to maintain professional standards in the ASEAN context.
Tinjauan Kriminologi Terhadap Kasus Tindak Pidana Pembunuhan yang Dilakukan Oleh Anak Terhadap Orang Tua Kandung Silalahi, Ketrin Gabriella Agnestasya; Pakpahan, Kartina
Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): (JIHHP) Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik
Publisher : Dinasti Review Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jihhp.v6i3.7986

Abstract

Pembunuhan orang tua kandung oleh anak (paricide) merupakan fenomena kriminal yang sangat kompleks dan multidimensional yang memerlukan kajian mendalam dari perspektif kriminologi dan hukum pidana. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor-faktor kriminologis yang melatarbelakangi paricide serta mengkaji penerapan hukum pidana terhadap pelaku anak di Indonesia dengan mengintegrasikan tiga teori utama kriminologi yaitu Strain Theory, Social Control Theory, dan Social Learning Theory. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan sifat deskriptif analitis yang menggunakan data sekunder dari bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier, dilengkapi dengan wawancara mendalam terhadap dua narasumber ahli psikologi serta analisis terhadap lima kasus paricide di Indonesia periode 2023-2025 yang dianalisis secara kualitatif melalui metode deskriptif-analitis, komparatif, interpretatif, dan argumentatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan hukum paricide terdapat dalam KUHP dan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012 tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak, dengan faktor dominan yang mendorong terjadinya paricide meliputi faktor internal berupa gangguan psikologis, kepribadian antisosial, conduct disorder, depresi, dan riwayat trauma, serta faktor eksternal berupa kekerasan dalam rumah tangga berkepanjangan, disfungsi keluarga, kemiskinan, dan pengaruh lingkungan sosial negatif. Penelitian ini mengonfirmasi bahwa paricide merupakan hasil interaksi kompleks antara akumulasi ketegangan psikologis jangka panjang, erosi ikatan sosial keluarga, dan pembelajaran perilaku kekerasan, bukan fenomena monokausatif. Kontribusi penelitian ini terletak pada pemahaman komprehensif terhadap etiologi paricide serta implikasi praktis bagi pengembangan model pencegahan yang holistik berbasis deteksi dini faktor risiko multidimensional dan perlindungan hak anak dalam sistem peradilan pidana Indonesia.
LEGAL REVIEW OF THE ORIGIN OF CHILDREN FROM UNREGISTERED MARRIAGES (Study of Decision No. 483/Pdt.P/2023/PA.Krs) Khairan Nisa Mendrofa; Heriyanti; Elvira Fitriyani Pakpahan; Kartina Pakpahan
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 5 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : CV. RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v5i6.4800

Abstract

The three objectives of this study are to: (1) ascertain the parentage of children in unregistered marriages; (2) ascertain the legal ramifications if children in a marriage are not registered under Indonesian law; and (3) ascertain the judge's legal considerations in decision Number 483/Pdt.P/2023/PA.Krs. Empirical and normative legal research are the types of research used in this study. The source and secondary legal materials employed in the data analysis were literary techniques, which were then examined using qualitative approaches. The study's findings indicate that the legal framework dictating how the parentage of children born to unregistered marriages is determined is routinely reviewed. This study makes reference to the laws governing marriage, No. 1 of 1974, and population management, No. 23 of 2006. Marriages that are both registered and unregistered are still regarded as legitimate but are subject to legal repercussions because the unregistered marriage. Marriages that aren't formally recorded with the Civil Registry office. Marriages that are not officially recognized by the Civil Registry Office have an effect on the children as well as the husband and wife legally.
Juridical Review of the Increase of VAT to 12 Percent in Law Number 7 of 2021 on the Harmonization of Tax Regulations Alifi, Rizky; Pakpahan, Elvira Fitriyani; Pakpahan, Kartina
KASTA : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Agama, Budaya dan Terapan Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): Desember
Publisher : Lembaga Bale Literasi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58218/kasta.v5i3.2876

Abstract

This research discusses the Harmonization of the 12 Percent Value Added Tax (VAT) Increase in Law Number 7 of 2021 concerning the Harmonization of Tax Regulations. The study focuses on three main issues: (1) how the harmonization of the 12 percent VAT increase is regulated under Law Number 7 of 2021, (2) how the legal protection for society is ensured within the principle of justice regarding the VAT increase, and (3) how local governments contribute to the implementation of the 12 percent VAT increase. The research method used is a normative legal approach by employing primary legal materials such as legislation, secondary legal materials including books, journals, and expert opinions, as well as tertiary legal materials. The analysis is carried out qualitatively, emphasizing principles, theories, and the practice of tax law in Indonesia. The results show that, first, the harmonization of the 12 percent VAT increase is intended to strengthen state revenue post-COVID-19 pandemic through regulatory consolidation, implemented in derivative regulations such as Government Regulations and Minister of Finance Regulations to ensure legal certainty and consistent implementation. Second, legal protection for society within the principle of justice is realized through the exemption of basic necessities, facilities for micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), subsidies and social assistance for vulnerable groups, as well as objection and appeal mechanisms within the tax court system. Third, the efforts of local governments are manifested in public socialization and education, cooperation with the Directorate General of Taxes, and the provision of regional social protection programs to mitigate the negative impact on people’s purchasing power. The study concludes that the harmonization of the 12 percent VAT increase can be effectively implemented if it is accompanied by strong legal protection and responsive efforts from local governments. Therefore, both central and local governments are expected to strengthen synergy, broaden legal protection, and enhance socialization to ensure that the VAT policy aligns with the principle of social justice for all Indonesian people.
Legal Protection For Children Who Are Victims of Sexual Violence So That Causes Mental Illness Disorders Manullang, Berliana Maya Agustina; Pakpahan, Kartina; Simanjuntak, Immanuel
AL-MANHAJ: Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial Islam Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah INSURI Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37680/almanhaj.v8i1.9426

Abstract

This research analyzes the legal protection provided to child victims of sexual violence who suffer from mental illness disorders, specifically examining Court Decision Number 2836/Pid.Sus/2022/PN.Mdn. Using a normative juridical method with statutory and case approaches, this study identifies that sexual violence against children results in profound psychological consequences, including trauma, depression, anxiety, and severe disorders such as PTSD, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. Although Indonesia has established a legal framework through the Child Protection Law and the Witness and Victim Protection Law to mandate rehabilitation and psychological support, its practical application often remains perpetrator-focused, leaving significant gaps in the victim's long-term mental recovery. In the analyzed case, the judge's considerations integrated the victim's severe mental state—characterized by self-harm and the need for intensive medical treatment—as a basis for sentencing. The study concludes that optimal legal protection requires a shift toward a victim-centered approach, necessitating stronger collaboration among law enforcement, healthcare providers, and the government to ensure comprehensive rehabilitation and the fulfillment of victims' rights.
Legal Protection for Consumers Who Use Thematic Cosmetics in Indonesia Natanael Pakpahan; Kartina Pakpahan; Ayu Priska Nibenia Zega; Ester Affia Sifra Manalu; Ridho Gokasi Paulus Tampubolon
Journal Equity of Law and Governance Vol. 5 No. 1
Publisher : Warmadewa Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/elg.5.1.10043.1-12

Abstract

Thematic Cosmetics are traditional cosmetics made from natural ingredients and are identical to a region and are in demand by the community. Due to this development, some communities try to make and sell thematic cosmetics without paying attention to BPOM permits. Therefore, this study aims to determine the legal protection for consumers who use thematic cosmetics, to find out the systematic registration of thematic cosmetics to obtain BPOM permits, and to find out the supervision of thematic cosmetics that applies in Indonesia. This study uses the Normative Juridical method, this literature study is a series of activities related to the stages of collecting literature data, understanding then recording, and processing research materials. Each province in Indonesia has a Food and Drug Supervisory Agency which is tasked with supervision, law enforcement, and guidance, BPOM supervises the quality of cosmetics starting from the registration and assessment stages, with the latest regulation, namely BPOM Regulation No. 21 of 2022 concerning Procedures for Submitting Cosmetic Notifications replacing Regulation No. 12 of 2020 which is considered no longer appropriate. The Food and Drug Supervisory Agency has the authority to supervise the circulation of each productan d destruction of products that do not meet the requirements. Create standards and requirements related to product quality, safety, and benefits as well as inspection of production and distribution facilities and technical guidelines for laboratory assessment and testing.
Upaya Penanggulangan Kekerasan Seksual Terhadap Anak di SD Kota Medan Gracesela Sondang Sormin; Heriyanti; Kartina Pakpahan; Lilis Suriani Pane; Dela Septiana Pinayungan
Jurnal Interpretasi Hukum Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Interpretasi Hukum
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/juinhum.4.2.7597.300-307

Abstract

Pelecehan seksual terhadap anak meningkat setiap tahun dapat dilihat dari data Tahun 2019 dengan jumlah 216 kasus sampai Tahun 2021 sebanyak 953 kasus. Tahun 2023 jumlah anak di Medan sebanyak 76.101 jiwa sehingga perlu upaya mencegah kekerasan seksual agar jumlah anak di Medan terhindar dari kekerasan seksual. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis pengaturan penghapusan kekerasan seksual pada anak, menganalisis upaya penanggulangan kekerasan seksual pada anak. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode Yuridis Empiris, melakukan wawancara narasumber. Kekerasan seksual pada anak merupakan kejahatan kekerasan fisik dan nonfisik, diatur pada Pasal 4 huruf a, b, Pasal 5, Pasal 6 huruf a, b Undang-Undang TPKS No.12 Tahun 2022. Upaya penanggulangan kekerasan seksual sesuai Undang-Undang Perlindungan Anak diatur dalam Pasal 76D, 76E, Pasal 81 ayat 1, Pasal 82 ayat 1 dan pada Pasal 1 ayat (3), Pasal 5 Peraturan Pemerintah No. 70 Tahun 2020 tentang Kebiri Kimia merupakan upaya penanggulangan kekerasan seksual pada anak secara penal. Upaya penanggulangan kekerasan seksual terhadap anak secara non penal di sekolah dilakukan melalui sosialisasi penyuluhan kepada murid, peran orangtua memberi edukasi seks sejak dini, mengajarkan anak bagian tubuh yang tidak boleh disentuh, mengawasi penggunaan handphone, peran KPAI untuk memberikan pengawasan dalam memeriksa, memantau, mengevaluasi pelanggaran terhadap anak.
Co-Authors Agnes Theresia Br Barus Agnes Theresia Br Barus Akmal Siregar, Lasro Aldo Christian T Alifi, Rizky Alvi Syahrin Anggada Perkasa Anggraini, Fitria Anna Stephanie Antonio, Hans Ivander Arifin Alexander Arta Hot Manullang Audrey, Fiona Ayu Efritadewi Ayu Priska Nibenia Zega Ayu Priska Nibenia Zega Azharuddin Bastian, Yosi Charisman Jaya Zai Christian Agung Prawito Cynthia Phinaldo Dedi Harianto Dela Septiana Pinayungan Derinie Lim Desi Apriguna Singarimbun Dessy Darmayani Harianja Dewi Ervina Suryani Dwiki Pernandes Sembiring Elfira Fitriyani Pakpahan Elvira Fitriyani Pakpahan Emir Syarif Fatahillah Pakpahan Emir Syarif Fatahillah Pakpahan Enda Noviyanti Simorangkir Erlita Sipayung Ervina Ervina Ester Affia Sifra Manalu Ester Affia Sifra Manalu Esther, July Fatah Chotib Uddin Fauzi Iansyah Ferina Diamond Ferina, Wulan Me Ferris Chandra Gandace Siregar Gildas, Inez Giri Pratomo Gita Arihta Gotman Tambunan Gracesela Sondang Sormin Gulo, Bestari Diberkati Guntur Hutagalung Hendra Pratikno Manurung Heni Widiyaani Heni Widiyani Heriyanti Heriyanti Heriyanti Heriyanti Heriyanti Heriyanti, Heriyanti Herlina Manullang Hutasoit, Ferry Fridolind Iansyah, Fauzi Inez Gildas Isnainul, OK Jenifer Jessica Josua Dariusman Zendrato Jovina Juli Esther Napitupulu Juliani Chandrago Khairan Nisa Mendrofa Khairunnisa Khairunnisa Laidy, Yenny Leoni, Cindy Cynthia Leviyanti Leviyanti Leviyanti Lilis Suriani Pane Lusi Feny Panjaitan made adhiguna samvara Maggie Maggie Mahmud Mulyadi Manullang, Berliana Maya Agustina Markus Aruan, Miquel Joan Mei Fernando Marpaung Merry Roseline Pasaribu Mian Fransiska Sianturi Michelle Amanda Esitria Sumampow Michelle Hadlen Millenia, Meisya Moktar, Brilian Mulyadi Mulyadi Nadya Khairani Naek Silitonga Natanael Pakpahan Natanael Pakpahan Nelly Sri Devi Nikodemus Ariandy Manik Novi Yanti OK Isnainul Olga Indah Suci Pakpahan, Bani David Soaloon Parameshwara, Parameshwara Parulian Ganda Rumapea Rahadian, Risna Ramon Nafrial Reno Aditya Suhendro Ridho Gokasi Paulus Tampubolon Ridho Gokasi Paulus Tampubolon rizal, said Robby Dian Ronal Hasudungan Sianturi Roswita Sitompul Roswita Sitompul Roswita Sitompul, Roswita Rumapea, Parulian Ganda Salim Pradana Saota, Margaretha Citra Novriyanti Sartika Sari Sewin Kartika SIAHAAN, MARSEM PAHAM MARSAOR Sihotang, Feby Putri Shoshanny Silalahi, Ketrin Gabriella Agnestasya Simalangon, Roiman Simanjuntak, Immanuel Simanjuntak Sitorus, Marthin Erixon Sonya Airini Batubara, Sonya Airini Sri Sulistyawati Sri Sulistyawati Sri Sulistyawaty Stefani , Widi stephanie, winnie Steven Gozalex Stevi Inria Sagal, Febritisia Sulistyawati, Sri Sulistyawaty, Sri Tambunan, Franciscus Orlando Tanry, Clarisa Adelia Tanto, Harnando Tarigan, Michelle Yonesta Thela Valentine Thomson Sukamto Marzuky Simatupang Thomson Sukamto Marzuky Simatupang Timothy Pamungkas Situmorang Tobing, Michael Yusuf Tohres, Steven Stanley Tommy Leonard Tommy Leonard Uli Teresia Br Tarigan Valentin Tania Veronica Veronica Wico Dwi Pratama Widi Stefani Wijaya, Vivian Willy Tanjaya Yolanda Natalia Isabel Yosi Bastian Yovi Wicaksana Putra Yudiyanto, Ade Rachmat Yusriando Zai, Charisman Jaya Zai, Selfiani Zhou, Valerie