Articles
Analisa Komparasi Penanganan Kasus Kejahatan Transnasional Biopiracy antara India dan Amerika Serikat di Bawah Rezim Internasional
Vidyastutie, Anggraeni Maulia;
Putranti, Ika Riswanti;
Basith Dir, Andi Akhmad
Journal of International Relations Volume 4, Nomor 2, Tahun 2018
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro
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Biopiracy is a crime that generally involves multinational corporations with indigenouscommunity regarding the copyright of over the natural resources. This crime often escapesattention while the effects are very dangerous for the survival of a country’s indigenouscommunity. This study aims to find out how biopiracy actually becomes a dangeroustransnational crime and how developed and developing countries represented by theUnited States and India deal with this crime from the perspective of their respectivecountries under the international regime. The author uses the theory of Cultural Relativismand Social Planning to analyze the handling done by the United States and India. Thisstudy will analyze the history of the two countries, how the two countries understand themeaning of biopiracy, and the position of the two countries under the international regimerelated to the handling of transnational biopiracy crime cases
26. OLAF’S SUITABILITY TO GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRIME GOVERNANCE ON COMBATING TRANSNATIONAL FINANCIAL CRIME IN EUROPEAN UNION (2011 – 2015)
Kamal, Reza Haidar;
Putranti, Ika Riswanti;
Basith Dir, Andi Akhmad
Journal of International Relations Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2016
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro
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Frauds and corruptions are connective crimes considered to be extraordinary in manycountries. The damages are not limited to certain societies but could also bring harm tonational or even regional spheres. It raised awareness and leads to the inception of GlobalFinancial Crime Governance reflected in a number of international institutions i.e. FATF,UNCAC and OECD of which providing international standards of anti-fraud and anticorruptionbody. An institution currently in operation is European Union (EU)’s anti-fraudoffice known as OLAF, tasked to protect EU’s funds. This research aims to take a closerlook at OLAF and to examine the extent to which the institution has been suitable withGlobal Financial Crime Governance. To do so, this research highlight the imminentfeatures of common international bodies in combatting frauds and corruptions andafterwards will match the features on OLAF. These features come down to 6 respects: 1)Prevention; 2) Detection and Investigation; 3) Freezing, Seizing, Prosecution orConfiscation; 4) Cooperation; 5) Independence and Accountability; and 6) Asset recovery.This research reveals that OLAF has been suitable with the works of other internationalbodies evolving mostly on four of six common features.
IMPLEMENTASI REKOMENDASI FINANCIAL ACTION TASK FORCE (FATF) TERHADAP KEJAHATAN PENCUCIAN UANG DI INDONESIA
Octaviani, Beutari;
Susitianingsih, Hermini;
Putranti, Ika Riswanti
Journal of International Relations Volume 1, Nomor 3, Tahun 2015
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro
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Money laundering is an act of crime that can destabilize theeconomical condition of a country. Vienna Convention in 1988,which examine about drugs, is the basis of discussion on anti-moneylaundering regime. International response for the fighting againstmoney laundering is by establishing FATF. FATF has severalrecommendations which are admitted as the international standards.In its framework, FATF have a black list system that providesoverview on the countries that do not take part in the fight againstmoney laundering. Indonesia is not a member of FATF, but waslisted in FATF’s black list system in 2000. This research aims to findout the causes of FATF recommendation implementation byIndonesia. Descriptive type of research is applied in this research todescribe the process that Indonesia has gone through in fightingagainst money laundering by implementing FATF recommendation.The result of this research shows Indonesia’s serious effort incombating money laundering.
KERJASAMA BNP2TKI DENGAN IOM DALAM MENANGANI HUMAN TRAFFICKING TENAGA KERJA INDONESIA DI MALAYSIA PERIODE 2011-2015
Ayu Wulandari, Ajeng Ria;
Windiani, Reni;
Putranti, Ika Riswanti
Journal of International Relations Volume 2, Nomor 1, Tahun 2016
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro
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Malaysia is one of major destination countries for Indonesian migrant workers. Thisfact has been triggering many transnational crimes, including human trafficking,Despite Indonesian government has been reduced the number of migrant workerssignificantly from 2011 to 2015, the problem of human trafficking remains occur. Inorder to combat human trafficking from Indonesia to Malaysia Indonesiangovernment through the National Agency for The Placement and Protection ofIndonesian Workers (BNP2TKI)in cooperation with International Organization forMigration (IOM), made an effort to prevent human trafficking. This research aimedto describe the implementation of the cooperation between two agencies in handlingthis issue. This research employed qualitative approach through library research aswell as deep interviews. This research found that two agencies had been succeded toimplement the cooperation that had settled before. Two agencies employ variousstrategies such as campaign and socialization to migrant workers prospectus,training and capacity building, publishing guide book concerning legal workingabroad.
Kebijakan Pemerintah Filipina dalam Menangani Ancaman Gerakan Moro Islamic Liberation Front
MS, Aunur Rafiq;
Putranti, Ika Riswanti;
Pertiwi, Sheiffi Puspa
Journal of International Relations Volume 3, Nomor 4, Tahun 2017
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro
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The issue of terrorism and separatism are common in recent years. Both problems can arisebecause of radical thinking that develops within a group. Moro Islamic Liberation Front(MILF) is one example of groups related to terrorism and separatism. The group wants toform its own state or independent from the Philippines, which then leads to conflictbetween the Philippines and MILF. The existence of cooperation that is established withseveral terrorist groups expose threats in the form of physical or thought. The PhilippineGovernment has issued several policies that are expected to resolve the conflict with theMILF. This study aims to understand how the policies undertaken by the Philippines inresolving conflicts with the MILF. This research uses constructivism paradigm andproblem solving theory with qualitative method. From the research that has been done, it isknown that the Philippines uses the method of hard approach and soft approach in order tosolve the problem. However, the soft approach method is more often used in terms ofnegotiation and mediation. This proves the Philippines has applied the value of democracyto deal with the problem.
17. KERJASAMA PEMERINTAH FILIPINA DENGAN INDONESIA DAN MALAYSIA DALAM MENANGANI KASUS SEX TRAFFICKING DI FILIPINA PADA TAHUN 2006-2014
Iswahyudi, Dwi;
Utomo, Tri Cahyo;
Putranti, Ika Riswanti
Journal of International Relations Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2016
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro
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The Philippines has become a source, transit, and destination of all forms of humantrafficking, especially for sexual exploitation or known as sex trafficking. In handling thecases, Philippines is cooperated with Indonesia and Malaysia where both of them have adirect border with the Philippines. This study aimed to analyze the shape and result ofcooperation between Philippines, Indonesia, and Malaysia in handling sex trafficking casesin the year 2006-2014. In analyzing the cooperation, this study using the theory ofneoliberal institutionalism and also using qualitative method with descriptive typeanalyticaltechniques is through interviews, and literature. In this study it can be seen thatthe cooperation conducted by Philippines with Indonesia and Malaysia have a considerableimpact in the process of handling of trafficking problem in the Philippines. Thecooperation among the three countries had increased vigilance of security in the borderregion and the country gave rise to the role of civil society and non-governmentalorganizations in helping to maximize the business. Through the Trafficking In PersonsReport, the Philippines became the only country in Southeast Asia that has the highestranked in meeting the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking.
Reinterpretasi Pasal 9 Konstitusi 1947 Jepang: Potensi Ancaman dalam Komitmen Jepang Pada War on Terror
Wredhanto, Damartyas Murti;
Putranti, Ika Riswanti
Journal of International Relations Volume 4, Nomor 4, Tahun 2018
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro
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International Security issue has been a huge concern to Japan under the administration of Shinzo Abe. After the demilitarization of the Japan by the United States and the allies on World War II, Japan can only rely on the United States military base in Okinawa, and some other kind of police to protect themselves. Japan's intend to strengthen its military capacity and power was outlawed due to Article 9 of the Japanese 1947 Constitution that restricts Japan to use any form of military power to solve any kind of dispute that taken place on their territory. The Constitution was made by the United States and the allies as the victorious side of the World War II to disarm all of Japan's military capacity and power. With that constitution (especially Article 9), Japan was changing from an expansionist-imperialist into a peaceful country that uses any form of negotiation to solve any kind of dispute that they've faced. But on 2014, Prime Minister Shinzo Abe and his administration unveils that reinterpretation of the Article 9 is happening and being discussed at the parliament to allow Japan's Self Defense Force (JSDF) (for the first time) helps the allies if they needed some, to support War on Terror propaganda by the United States.
Pelanggaran Terhadap Hak Berdaulat Indonesia: Studi Kasus Tiongkok di Laut Natuna Utara
Miranda S, Aichel;
Putranti, Ika Riswanti
Journal of International Relations Volume 4, Nomor 4, Tahun 2018
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro
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In 2016-2017, Tiongkok violated Indonesia’s sovereign rights at North Natuna Sea. However there was no sanction for the problem, even though the violations committed were significant. This research aims to explain the factors that causing the violation. The Constructivism approach, especially the concept of perception, identity and culture will support the argument of this research. That Tiongkok's violating attitude is part of the country's strategic culture. Strategic culture is the main factor that causes Tiongkok 's aggressive move. The research data is sourced from literature reviews, interviews, and analyzed using process-tracing. The results obtained from this research indicates that repeatedly violations by Tiongkok are the result of perceptions of the identity which influenced by the cultures. Thus, the violations that occur in the North Natuna Sea could be recognized as ‘mental games’. As long as Indonesia is still showing an attitude of understanding, Tiongkok's perception will not change. As long as the perception does not change, then Tiongkok will be violating Indonesia's sovereign rights over and over again.
6. Serangan Israel terhadap Kapal Bantuan Kemanusiaan Mavi Marmara Tahun 2010
Adityas, Antonius Pramudya;
Putranti, Ika Riswanti;
Wahyudi, Fendy Eko
Journal of International Relations Volume 3, Nomor 1, Tahun 2017
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro
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Israel and Palestine are two countries involved in protracted and restless conflicts. In 2010,the pro-Palestinian movement named Gaza Freedom Flotilla Organization was going tosend humanitarian aid to Gaza by the sea. Amid the trip, one of the ships in the Gazahumanitarian aid group Freedom Flotilla named Mavi Marmara was attacked by IsraelDefense Forces. The purpose of this study is to explain the reason of Israeli attack on MaviMarmara aid ship. The research question will be analyzed by theory of securitization toexplain the reason of why Israel attacked the humanitarian aid ship Mavi Marmara. Troughthe securitization theory, it will be explained on how a state responses a nonpolitical issueand alters it into a political issue that requires an effective policy. This research usesexplanatory method to understand the reason behind the attack on Mavi Marmara. Thediscussion in this study is based on Israel’s point of view. The result of this research is thatthe attack on the Mavi Marmara aid ship was a defense strategy by the Israeli Governmentin order to tackle the possible threats to dismiss Israeli’s Blockade to Gaza as part of it’sprotection policy.
Peran ECPAT Indonesia dalam Menangani Kejahatan Pariwisata Seksual Terhadap Anak di DKI Jakarta
Andiani, Calista Happy;
Putranti, Ika Riswanti
Journal of International Relations Volume 5, Nomor 1, Tahun 2019
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro
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Indonesia is one of the third largest child sexual tourism destinations in the world. As the capital of Indonesia, DKI Jakarta is the second highest tourist entrance after Bali. In addition, DKI Jakarta is also the main location that has the highest threat of child sexual exploitation in Indonesia. Nevertheless, the Indonesian government has not provided clear protection for children. This study aims to describe the role of ECPAT Indonesia to assist the Indonesian government in dealing with child sexual tourism in DKI Jakarta, using theories of liberal institutionalism, international organizations, and international cooperation. In this study, the role of ECPAT Indonesia was limited from 2012 to 2018. Child sex tourism has rapid development so it needs cooperation from various parties, one of which is ECPAT Indonesia. From 2015 to 2017 cases of commercial sexual exploitation of children were not as high as in previous years. This is inseparable from the collaboration between the Indonesian government and ECPAT Indonesia. The role of ECPAT Indonesia is divided into three sectors, the government, private and community sectors.