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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Indonesia Chimica Acta Emerging Science Journal Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Indobiosains JURNAL PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT YAMASI Molekul: Jurnal Ilmiah Kimia
Harningsih Karim
Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy Yamasi Makassar, 90222, South Sulawesi
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Agarose-Based Antibacterial Films from Gracilaria sp.: Isolation, Characterization, and Metal Nanoparticle Incorporation Ahmad, Ahyar; Zainuddin, Rahmaniah; Saksono, Budi; Anita, Sita Heris; Zulfiana, Deni; Ermawar, Riksfardini A.; Arfah, Rugaiyah; Natsir, Hasnah; Karim, Harningsih; Irmawati; Ramli, Siti R.; Karim, Abdul
Emerging Science Journal Vol. 9 No. 5 (2025): October
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-05-03

Abstract

The incorporated metal nanoparticles in a polysaccharide-based film exhibit efficient antibacterial activity against harmful germs. However, previous studies have used a commercial polysaccharide for their film production. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a natural polysaccharide-based film extracted from the local algae Gracilaria sp. originating from Sinjai Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Firstly, the polysaccharide agarose was isolated and its properties compared with those of commercial agarose. A present low-cost isolation process produces agarose with 1.8% (w/w) of yield. Results also showed physicochemical properties similar to those of the commercial agarose. Secondly, the agarose-based antibacterial film was synthesized at 0, 0.5, and 1% glycerol concentrations. The synthesized film was incorporated with silver (Ag) and copper (Cu) nanoparticles (NPs). Morphological, mechanical, and physicochemical properties of the incorporated Ag-agarose and Cu-agarose films were characterized using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), Universal Testing Machine (UTM), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), respectively. Results showed the film stiffness and tensile strength increased by incorporating either AgNPs or CuNPS. The interaction of AgNPs-agarose most likely involves physical bonds, while the interaction of CuNPs-agarose forms coordination bonds. An antibacterial test showed that the Ag-agarose nanocomposite inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Bacillus subtilis. In the meantime, Cu-agarose prevented the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. Overall, antibacterial activity was influenced by the interaction between metal nanoparticles and agarose, the concentration of metal nanoparticles, and the film's solubility. An agarose-based antibacterial film from Gracilaria sp. has the potential for use in various applications, including food packaging, pharmaceuticals, and other industries.
Co-Authors A. Tenriugi Daeng Pine A. Tenriugi Daeng Pine Abdul Karim Abubakar, Andi Nur Fitriani Agust Dwi Djajanti Ahmad Fudhail  Majid Ahyar Ahmad Ali Muhakim Andi Erwin Eka Putra Anita Anita Ardita R, Dian Fitrah Arfah, Rugaiyah Arfah, Rugaiyah A. Arfah, Rugaiyah Andi Arfiani Nur Azis, Fitria Base, Nurul Hidayah Basir, Hernawati BUDI SAKSONO Burhanuddinnur, Muhammad Deni Zulfiana Dwi Sasongko Mardiono dwyana, Zarsawaty Ermawar, Riksfardini A. Fadliah, Fadliah Febryanti, Amalyah Hasnah Natsir Indah Raya Irfandi, Rizal Irman Idrus Irmawati Junaidin, Junaidin Kasturiasih, Ni Putu Khairunnur, Siti Maming Gaffar, Maming Maulana, Maulana Zulkarnain Imansyah Mora Munadi, Rachmin Negara, Satria Putra Jaya Noena, Raymond Arief N Nunuk Hariani Soekamto Nur Asmi Nurfadini, Nurfadini Paulina Taba Putri, Tri Widayati Ramadani, Ananda Ramli, Siti R. Ridwan, Irham Pratama Riksfardini Annisa ERMAWAR Sappewali, Sappewali Sarlan, Sarlan Sita Heris Anita SITI HALIMAH LAREKENG, SITI HALIMAH Sitti Fauziah Noer Sukirawati Sukmawaty, Eka Sulistiani Jarre Suriati Eka Putri Tahirah Thahir, Zakiah yasnidar Yasser, M Yusafir Hala Yusriyani Zainuddin, Rahmaniah