Articles
<![CDATA[RADIAL VARIATION IN MICROFIBRIL ANGLE OF SUPER AND COMMON TEAK WOOD ]]>
<![CDATA[Krisdianto, Krisdianto]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol 5, No 2 (2008): Journal of Forestry Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Secretariat of Forestry Research and Development Agency ]]>
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<![CDATA[ANATOMICAL PROPERTIES AND FIBER DIMENSION OF PRICKLY ACACIA (Acacia nilotica L.) FROM BALURAN NATIONAL PARK ]]>
<![CDATA[Krisdianto, Krisdianto]]>;
<![CDATA[Damayanti, Ratih]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol 4, No 2 (2007): Journal of Forestry Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Secretariat of Forestry Research and Development Agency ]]>
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<![CDATA[Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. ex. Delile growing in Baluran National Park has dramatically altered the ecological balance of grasslands and thereby threatens the existence of local biodiversity. Prickly acacia is able to spread rapidly and remains uncontrollable. Baluran National Park authorization has been struggling to control this prickly acacia trees. One possible action that can be taken to encounter this problem is allowing wood based industries, and local people take advantages of this nilotica timber utilization. This paper studies the anatomical properties and fiber dimensions of nilotica timber and discusses the possible utilization of nilotica timber.  This timber is characterized by dark brown heartwood which is clearly distinct from reddish brown color of sapwood. The denser cell wall shows attractively streaked in tangential surfaces. The length of wood fiber decreases from pith toward periphery portion. Longitudinally, higher stem has shorter fiber. Nilotica wood has second class quality of fiber, which means its fiber is moderately thick with narrow lumen diameter. Due to small log diameter and branches, the nilotica timber is not recommended for construction material. The timber is suitable for carved and turnery products. Nilotica timber is suitable for charcoal manufacture and fuel wood due to its high calorific value.]]>
<![CDATA[THE EFFECT OF HEAT TREATMENT ON THE DURABILITY OF BAMBOO Gigantochloa scortechinii ]]>
<![CDATA[Kamarudin, Norashikin]]>;
<![CDATA[Sugiyanto, Krisdianto]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol 9, No 1 (2012): Journal of Forestry Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Secretariat of Forestry Research and Development Agency ]]>
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<![CDATA[Bamboo signifies as one of the fastest growing plants and it can be used for various products. Intropical countries such as Indonesia and Malaysia, bamboo is abundantly available at reasonable prices, therefore it is used for numerous purposes. However, as lignocellulosic material, bamboo is susceptible to fungal and insect attacks. Heat treatment is an option to improve bamboos durability. The objective of this study was to improve the durability of bamboo using hot oil palm treatment. A Malaysian grown bamboo species, Buluh Semantan (Gigantochloa scortechinii), as a study material was soaked in hot oil palm for various temperatures and soaking time, before being inoculated with the basidiomycete Coriolus versicolor in an agar block test. The results demonstrated that the longer the heating time, the more improved the durability of bamboo. Altering the temperature in the palm oil treatment produced varying results. Bamboo blocks that heated in hot oil palm at 100°C for 60 minutes shows considerably less weight eduction that indicates less fungal attack. Overall, the higher the temperature, the better the durability of bamboo. Please indicates what the meaning of heat treatment in this experiment, it is not clear.]]>
<![CDATA[EFFECT OF ACTIVATED CHARCOAL ADDITION ON FORMALDEHYDE EMISSION OF MEDIUM DENSITY FIBERBOARD ]]>
<![CDATA[Darmawan, Saptadi]]>;
<![CDATA[Sofyan, Kurnia]]>;
<![CDATA[Pari, Gustan]]>;
<![CDATA[Sugiyanto, Krisdianto]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol 7, No 2 (2010): Journal of Forestry Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Secretariat of Forestry Research and Development Agency ]]>
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<![CDATA[The manufacturing of medium density fiberboard (MDF) using dry forming process for interior purpose requires extensive amount of thermo-setting urea formaldehyde (UF) adhesive. Unfortunately, this adhesive brings about formaldehyde emission from the resulting MDF, which was potentially harmful to human beings. The use of activated charcoal can be effective to reduce such emission. As the relevance, this research aimed to investigate the effect of activated charcoal addition to the MDF pulp on formaldehyde emission from the MDF. The fibers for the MDF-mat forming were the pulp procured from the MDF factory, resulting from the thermo-mechanical pulping (TMP) conducted on the mixed mangium wood (Acacia mangium) and rubber wood (Hevea brasiliensis) in 3:1 (w/w) proportion, respectively.  Such mixed TMP pulping was also done in the factor y.  The bonding between TMP pulp fiber during mat forming was assisted by the use of UF adhesive.  Prior to the MDF mat forming , was added to the resulting TMP pulp-fibers activated charcoal in  various amount, 2%, 4% and 6% based on fiber mass as well as based on UF adhesive mass. The activated charcoal was prepared by carbonizing candle nut shell into charcoal followed by activation process using phosphate solution.  Meanwhile the forming of MDF mat employed air-dr y process. As the control, MDF forming with UF adhesive was performed without addition of activated charcoal. It turned out that the activated charcoal-added MDF exhibited effective reduction in formaldehyde emission and significant improvement in physical and mechanical properties, i.e. lower thickness swelling , and greater MOR , MOE and internal bond, compared to the control MDF. The use of activated charcoal at 4% based on the adhesive mass seemed to be the optimum amount.  Physical and mechanical properties of the activated charcoal added MDF could mostly meet the JIS specification.]]>
<![CDATA[COLOR DIFFERENCES OF PINE AND EUCALYPT WOODS MEASURED BY MICROFLASH-200® ]]>
<![CDATA[Krisdianto, Krisdianto]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol 4, No 2 (2007): Journal of Forestry Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Secretariat of Forestry Research and Development Agency ]]>
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<![CDATA[It is not easy to define color because it refers to psychological response of human. As a result, perception of color achieved by people is relatively different.  Wood color plays an important role in timber processing and it is an important consideration in wood identification. Each wood species has specific color and it becomes the species characteristic. Colors in wood are highly variable and unique features. Characteristics of wood color are influenced by extractive materials and moisture contents present on it. A standard of color measurement has been developed and it is called CIE model. The standard was developed to be completely independent of any devices and was based as closely as possible on human observation in color. CIELAB system is one of the simplest and most practical color measurement methods. The system has been used in one of the color measurement devices developed by Data Color International that is Microflash-200®. This research was aimed at translating interpretation of wood color by human eye into mathematical values so that scientific measurement of wood color can be studied. The measured wood color were 10 species of pines and 10 species of eucalypts woods in dry condition. The results showed that the two groups had different average of L*, a* and b* values. The average of L* for pine was 70.77, while eucalypt group made up to 52.40. It means that eucalypt group is darker than pine group. For a* value, pine group mean value is 20.23, whereas eucalypt group touches 19.11. In other words, pine and eucalypt group have an approximately similar redness. The b* value average for pine and eucalypt groups are 43.40 and 29.07, respectively. This value means that pine group is more yellow than eucalypt group.]]>
<![CDATA[METAL CORROSION IN WATERBORNE PRESERVATIVE- TREATED WOOD ]]>
<![CDATA[Sugiyanto, Krisdianto]]>;
<![CDATA[Sudika, Didik A.]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol 7, No 2 (2010): Journal of Forestry Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Secretariat of Forestry Research and Development Agency ]]>
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<![CDATA[The rigidity and firmness of wooden construction and furniture those are joined by metal screws depend on corrosion rate of these metals. This paper examines the weight-loss percentage of metal screws used in wood samples that have been treated with water-borne preser vative (i.e.3% borax boric acid and 3% diffusol CB) and concurrently investigates the effect of brake fluid on preventing metal corrosion. Wood samples tested included three acacia and one eucalypts wood species which were grouped into sapwood and heartwood containing samples. Wood samples fastened with metal screws were freely suspended in glass jars that contained 25 ml of sulphuric acid (H2SO4) to keep the humidity rate above 90%. After 12 months, the metal screws lost their weight due to the corrosion brought about by the related factors either in separate individual or in combination, which comprised brake and fluid-dipping , wood species, wood portion (sapwood and heartwood), kinds of preser vatives used. Corrosion rates of metal screws fastened in eucalypts wood sample as indicated by the screw-weight loss (i.e. 5.8%) was more severe than that fastened in acacia wood. Furthermore, corrosion rate of metal screws as fixed firmly in sapwood sample proceeded faster than that in heartwood. This might be caused by the higher moisture content in sapwood. On the other hand, corrosion rate of the screws as fastened in waterborne-preser vative-treated wood samples was greater than that in non-preser ved wood due to electrokinetic characteristics and ionic potential exhibited by the preser vative thereby intensif ying the screw-corrosion process. Meanwhile, less severe corrosion was obser ved and recorded on the screws pre-dipped in brake fluid compared to those on the non-dipped screws]]>
<![CDATA[VARIASI KEASAMAN DAN KAPASITAS PENYANGGA KAYU TAMPUI BERAS (Baccaurea macrocarpa (Miq.) Muell.Arg.) dan MANGGIS HUTAN (Garcinia cornea Miq.) ]]>
<![CDATA[Krisdianto, Krisdianto]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 31, No 4 (2013): ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Pusat Litbang Keteknikan Kehutanan dan Pengolahan Hasil Hutan ]]>
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<![CDATA[Keasaman kayu adalah faktor penting yang mempengaruhi pengkaratan besi yang digunakan pada kayu dan kualitas perekatannya. Keasaman kayu tidak hanya bervariasi dalam jenis kayu, namun juga di berbagai lokasi dalam satu pohon. Tulisan ini mempelajari nilai pH dan kapasitas penyangga asam dan basa pada berbagai lokasi dalam pohon, dari dua jenis kayu andalan Riau, yaitu tampui beras (Baccaurea macrocarpa (Miq.) Muell. Arg.) dan manggis hutan (Garcinia cornea Miq.). Pengukuran pH dilakukan dengan pH meter pada larutan hasil ekstraksi serbuk gergaji dalam air panas, sedangkan kapasitas penyangga diukur dengan cara titrasi asam dan basa kuat. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata nilai pH kayu tampui beras adalah 5,2, lebih asam dari kayu manggis hutan dengan nilai pH 6,3. Kedua jenis kayu bersifat asam dengan pH kurang dari 7. Berdasarkan ketinggian pohon bagian pangkal lebih asam dari bagian tengah dan ujungnya, sedangkan berdasarkan potongan melintang nilai pH di bagian gubal lebih tinggi daripada di bagian terasnya. Kapasitas penyangga asam lebih tinggi dari kapasitas penyangga basanya.]]>
<![CDATA[PENGARUH ASETILASI TERHADAP PENYERAPAN UAP AIR PADA DUA JENIS KAYU TROPIS ]]>
<![CDATA[Krisdianto, Krisdianto]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 30, No 2 (2012): ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Pusat Litbang Keteknikan Kehutanan dan Pengolahan Hasil Hutan ]]>
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<![CDATA[Proses asetilasi bertujuan mensubstitusi gugus hidroksil dalam kayu dengan gugus asetil. Dengan meningkatnya gugus asetil dalam kayu diharapkan mampu mengurangi kemampuan kayu menyerap molekul air sehingga dimensi kayunya menjadi lebih stabil. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari penyerapan uap air pada kayu yang sudah diasetilasi. Studi dilakukan terhadap dua jenis kayu tropis yaitu: Anthocephalus chinensis dan Calophyllum sp. Pengujian penyerapan uap air dilakukan dengan metode isotherm menggunakan desikator dan larutan yang memiliki sifat higroskopis. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa kayu Anthocephalus yang diasetilasi secara efektif mampu mengurangi penyerapan uap air walaupun pada tingkat penambahan berat yang paling rendah. Pada kayu Calophyllum sp. penyerapan uap air berkurang secara nyata pada penambahan berat 10%. Penyerapan uap air bervariasi tergantung dari kelembaban kondisi pengujian dan membentuk model sigmoid dari kelembaban terendah (11%) sampai tertinggi (97%).]]>
<![CDATA[PENGUJIAN KETAHANAN BILAH BAMBU Petung (Dendrocalamus asper) (Schults f.) Backer ex Heyne) TERHADAP JAMUR DENGAN CARA HAMPARAN TANAH ]]>
<![CDATA[Krisdianto, Krisdianto]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 30, No 3 (2012): ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Pusat Litbang Keteknikan Kehutanan dan Pengolahan Hasil Hutan ]]>
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<![CDATA[Keawetan merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam penelitian sifat dasar bambu. Sebagai bahan berlignoselulosa alami, bambu mudah diserang organisme perusak termasuk jamur. Pengujian ketahanan bambu terhadap organisme perusak pada umumnya mengikuti metode laboratorium yang telah diterapkan pada kayu, seperti penggunaan bacto agar. Pengujian dengan hamparan tanah merupakan salah satu alternatif untuk menguji ketahanan bambu terhadap jamur, karena metode ini murah dan mudah dilakukan. Tulisan ini mempelajari cara pengujian keawetan bilah bambu dengan metode hamparan tanah. Contoh uji bilah bambu diambil dari bagian dalam (i), tengah (m) dan luar (o) dan bagian pangkal (B) , tengah (M) dan ujung (T). Hasilnya menunjukkan bilah bambu dari bagian dalam (i) lebihmudah diserang jamur dari bagian tengah (m) dan luar (o). Setelah enam bulan, contoh uji dari bagian dalam gagal dalam uji tusuk dan uji patah dengan tangan, sedangkan bilah dari bagian tengah gagal setelah delapan bulan pengujian. Contoh uji yang diuji dengan kemampuan tanah menahan air 100% lebihmudah terserang jamur daripada contoh uji yang ditanam pada tanah yang mampu menahan air 80%. Bilah bambu dari bagian bawah (B) lebih tahan terhadap serangan jamur dari bagian tengah (M) dan atas (T), namun perbedaannya kurang nyata. Pada umumnya pengujian bilah bambu dengan hamparan tanah dapat dijadikan metode pengujian alternatif untuk menentukan keawetan bilah bambu terhadap jamur.]]>
<![CDATA[ANALISIS HASIL PENGUJIAN KAYU YANG DISERANG PENGGEREK KAYU DI LAUT DENGAN INTERPRETASI GAMBAR DIGITAL ]]>
<![CDATA[Krisdianto, Krisdianto]]>;
<![CDATA[Dewi, Listya Mustika]]>;
<![CDATA[Muslich, Mohammad]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 33, No 1 (2015): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Pusat Litbang Keteknikan Kehutanan dan Pengolahan Hasil Hutan ]]>
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<![CDATA[Keawetan kayu alami dinilai berdasarkan ketahanannya terhadap organisme perusak tertentu. Pengujian ketahanan alami kayu terhadap organisme perusak di laut dilakukan dengan membenamkan contoh kayu di perairan laut terbuka. Setelah enam bulan, kayu dinilai intensitas kerusakannya dan diklasifikasikan kelas ketahanannya terhadap serangan penggerek di laut. Penilaian kerusakan kayu dilakukan dengan interpretasi gambar digital. Tulisan ini mempelajari ketahanan alami sembilan jenis kayu dari Sumatera, Jawa dan Kalimantan terhadap organisme penggerek laut dengan perangkat lunak Image-J setelah enam bulan. Hasil pengujian kayu di perairan terbuka menunjukkan kayuÃÂ sempur lilin (Michelia champaca L.var. pubinervia) dan kayuÃÂ bawangÃÂ (Azadirachta excelsa)ÃÂ (Jack) Jacobs) termasuk kelas ketahanan I (sangat tahan), sedangkan kayuÃÂ cangcaratan (Lithocarpus sundaicus(Blume) Rehd., aveang kelalai (Shorea pervistipulata ssp. albifolia)ÃÂ termasuk kelas ketahanan II (tahan) terhadap penggerek kayu di laut. Kayu ki pasang (Prunus javanicaÃÂ Miq.) dan segelam (Hopea rudiformis) termasuk kelas ketahanan III (agak tahan) terhadap penggerekÃÂ kayu di laut, sedangkan kayu ki bugang (Arthophyllum diversifolium Blume) dan ki langir (Otophora spectabilisÃÂ Blume) termasuk kelas ketahanan V (sangat tidak tahan) terhadap penggerek kayu di laut. Pengukuran persentase kerusakan kayu dapat dilakukan dengan akurasi tinggi menggunakan metode gambar digital daripada cara konvensional. Pengukuran persentase kerusakan kayu dengan gambar digital menghasilkan nilai lebih tinggi karena bekas lubang tali. Namun, bekas lubang tali juga diperhitungkan sebagai kerusakan kayu. Untuk memperoleh pengukuran kerusakan yang tinggi, maka metode gambarÃÂ digital dimodifikasi dengan menutup bagian lubang bekas tali dengan kesan yang sama dengan bagian disekitarnya.]]>
