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ANATOMICAL CHANGES OF LIGHT COCONUT WOOD (Cocos nucifera L.) DUE To STEAM-PRESS DENSIFICATION Krisdianto, Krisdianto
Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol 3, No 2 (2006): Journal of Forestry Research
Publisher : Secretariat of Forestry Research and Development Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/ijfr.2006.3.2.83-92

Abstract

Coconut palm (Cocos nucifera L.) is known as multi-purposes tree as almost all part of the tree can be utilised. Coconut timber utilization is limited on hard or denser part, while lighter coconut timber remains unused. Theoretically, mechanical densification could improve physical properties of light coconut timber, which may be useful for diversifying its uses. This study examined some anatomical changes in coconut wood that occurred during mechanical densification. Coconut wood samples measuring 40 mm thick, 40 mm wide and 50 cm long were steamed at 1260C for 30 minutes prior to being compressed by 23.75 kg/cm2   pressure. Anatomical measures were undertaken using light microscope and scanning electron microscope on both non-compressed and compressed samples. Results showed that the treatment significantly reduced void volume and increased vascular bundles frequency, decreased vessel and parenchyma cell diameter. The wood density also increased by more than 50%.
MANAJEMEN KONSUMSI ENERGI LISTRIK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SENSOR PIR DAN LM 35 Almanda, Deni; Krisdianto, Krisdianto; Dermawan, Erwin
eLEKTUM Vol 14, No 1 (2017): ELEKTUM
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24853/elektum.14.1.16-22

Abstract

Seiring dengan kemajuan jaman pembangunan gedung – gedung bertingkat semakin meningkat sehingga pemakaian energi listriknya pun akan meningkat pula. Pemakaian energi listrik yang tidak bijaksana bisa mengakibatkan pemborosan energi dan pengeluaran biaya yang besar. Untuk menghemat dalam pembayaran energi listrik yang di gunakan maka semuanya harus di kendalikan dengan baik. Dengan latar belakang permasalahan tersebut dibuatlah sebuah rangkaian kontrol automatis untuk menghemat energi listrik pada gedung bertingkat menggunakan mikrokontroler Arduino UNO R3 , sensor PIR dan sensor LM35 dengan menggunakan program bahasa C untuk mengolah data pengontrolan. Tehnik penghematan dilakukan dengan cara mengontrol semua peralatan listrik yang akan hanya berfungsi jika ada keberadaan orang di tempat tersebut dengan menggunakan sensor PIR dan sensor LM35 untuk mengontrol temperatur ruangan. Dengan menggunakan sistem ini penghematan energi listrik minimal 10 % akan tercapai bahkan bisa mencapai 50 % dibanding sistem operasi manual secara umum pada gedung bertingkat
ESTIMATION OF CARBON STORAGE IN WATER LETTUCE (Pistia stratiotes) AT FRESHWATER SWAMPS Humaida, Nida; Krisdianto, Krisdianto; Peran, Setia Budi
TROPICAL WETLAND JOURNAL Vol 2, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : The Journal is published by Graduate Programe of Lambung Mangkurat University

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Abstract

This study was conducted in Banjar Regency, in the areas of Keraton, Keramat Baru, Tungkaran, Akar Baru and Sungai Tabuk villages, South Kalimantan, from April-July 2009. The purpose of the study was to estimate the amount of carbon storage in water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) at freshwater swamps. The information obtained through this study is expected to provide benefits for the swampland management. The swamplands observed were the ones with water lettuce growing in the swamps. The sampling was carried out using purposive sampling technique with the consideration of grouping water lettuce’s distribution. The carbon storage measurement was performed by measuring biomass, organic carbon percentage in water lettuce, and total carbon storage in m2. The organic carbon was analyzed using Walkey & Black's Method. There were also analyses of crude fiber and ash in water lettuce. Data were then analyzed using descriptive statistics and hierarchical clusters. The carbon storage in water lettuce at freshwater swamps in Banjar Regency ranged between 64.07 – 237.75 g/m2. The average crude fiber ranged between 19.89 - 24.94 % and ash between 20.91 - 28.69%.
VARIATION OF BIOMASS IN GRASSES GROWING IN WATER HABITAT BETWEEN INLAND SWAMP AND LAND Louisa, Virgina Maria; Krisdianto, Krisdianto; Mahrita, Mahrita
TROPICAL WETLAND JOURNAL Vol 2, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : The Journal is published by Graduate Programe of Lambung Mangkurat University

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Abstract

Grasses (family Poaceae), which belong to the weeds growing in water habitat between inland swamp and land, have the ability to survive the inland swamp environment that is inundated and poor in nutrients due to acidic soil. Lowland between inland swamp and land experiences waterlogging condition that changes over time from a puddle of water, which is very high in the rainy season, to ebb, becoming dry especially during the dry season. The objective of this study was to find out the variation of biomass in some grasses growing in water habitat between inland swamp and land. The study was conducted from April to July 2009 in Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan, at the villages of Tungkaran, Sungai Rangas, Penggalaman, and Sungai Tabuk. The analysis of samples was carried out at the Basic Laboratory of Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Siences, Lambung Mangkurat University Banjarbaru. There were seven stations, which were determined purposively, with three plot replications; the smallest plot was 20 x 20 cm. Three types of grass samples were taken and measured for individual height, wet weight, dry weight, moisture content and ash content. Measurements of the environmental parameters included the pH of soil and water, and the analysis of total N, P, and K. The average dry weight biomass of Hymenachne amplexicaulis, Brachiaria plantaginea, and Brachiaria mutica ranged from 1,135.18 to 2,556.80 gm-2, 1,854.88 to 2,480.63 gm-2, and 1,353.98 to 3,204.9 gm-2, respectively. These results indicate that the grasses growing closer to land, namely Brachiaria plantaginea and Brachiaria mutica, have higher biomass than the one growing a bit far from the land, namely Hymenachne amplexicaulis.
PLANKTON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE ON FISH PONDS IN THE RIAM KANAN RIVER OF BANJAR REGENCY Ambarwati, Rieski; Krisdianto, Krisdianto; Slamat, Slamat
TROPICAL WETLAND JOURNAL Vol 3, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : The Journal is published by Graduate Programe of Lambung Mangkurat University

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Abstract

Aquaculture in Riam Kanan river receives watersupply from rivers and Riam Kanan reservoir from upstream to downstream and practices different irrigation and fertilization systems. This study was aimed to compare the planktoncommunity structure, to find out the physicalchemical parameters associated with the abundance of plankton and the fertility of the fish-farming ponds. The research was conducted at Mandiangin Freshwater Aquaculture Center (Balai Budidaya Air Tawar – BBAT), Karang Intan (Balai Benih dan Induk Ikan Air Tawar – BB-IAT) and Cindai Alus Minapolitan area by using the observationmethod. Water samples were taken by composite of 6 replicates at 12 stations. The parameters measured were temperature, visibility, pH, iron, free ammonia, nitrate, phosphate, DO, BOD and plankton analysis. Data were tested statistically with cluster, Pearson correlation and regression. The result shows that there are differences in plankton community structure in the fish ponds, shown by 5 cluster groups. The abundance of phytoplankton has a significant correlation with pH, temperature, DO, and free ammonia. The abundance of zooplankton also has a significant correlation with pH, DO, BOD, and free ammonia. The seed pond at BBAT Mandiangin is eutrophically dominated byBacillarophyta and Amoboezoa, while in BB-IAT Karang Intan and Cindai Alus are dominated by Cyanophyta and Rotifera. The inlet channel of BB-IAT Karang Intan and the broodstock pond belong to mesotrophic category, predominanceby Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta and Rotifer. BBIAT Karang Intan outlet ponds, BBAT Mandiangin inlet channel and Cindai Alus inlet pond are included in the oligotrophic category, predominance by Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta. Plankton community structure of the fishfarming pond varies even with the same ecological conditions.
IMPLIKASI HUKUM PENYITAAN ASET HASIL TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI YANG HAK KEPEMILIKANNYA TELAH DIALIHKAN PADA PIHAK KETIGA Krisdianto, Krisdianto
Katalogis Vol 3, No 12 (2015)
Publisher : Katalogis

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Abstract

Transfer of assets obtained from criminal acts committed by the perpetrators of corruption prevalent that aims to make the property is not known to exist by law enforcement officials. Perpetrators of corruption often divert the acquisition of such assets to a third party by using the legal instruments for the transfer of civil rights, so that investigators sometimes get legal obstacles if about to foreclosing on assets ownership rights have been transferred to third parties. Based on this background, the legal issues are: 1.) Are the assets acquired from the corruption that has transferred ownership rights to a third party to do foreclosure; and 2.) How is the status of civil rights of a third party as the holder of the right of ownership of the assets acquired from the proceeds of corruption. Theoretical basis used in the assessment relating to the research problem is Theory of Social Justice of John Rawls. To answer the problem formulated in this study, the authors used the type of normative juridical research, where legal research methods that will be used in this study is the legal research literature. The conclusions that can be drawn in this study are: 1.) The seizure of the objects related to a criminal act of corruption has been a legal requirement in order to enforce the law and justice, so that the act of confiscation of assets of crime committed against the assets of the perpetrator or assets who has switched ownership to a third party becomes very urgent, considering that in addition to the purposes of proof at trial, the evidence that seizure is also aimed at the recovery of financial losses caused by the state of corruption. 2.) The position of third parties in the mechanism of expropriation of assets through criminal law, in principle, the position of third parties are those parties other than the perpetrator / intellectual of a corruption cases, and with regard to confiscation aimed at assets that have been transferred to the The third then if the assets seized from a third party, the third party concerned shall prove that the acquisition of the asset acquisition is based on good faith.
Accelerated Weathering Performances of Furfurylated and Acetylated Bamboo Sheets Krisdianto, Krisdianto; Vinden, Peter; Prezwloka, Simon
Wood Research Journal Vol 9, No 2 (2018): Wood Research Journal
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2018.9.2.60-68

Abstract

Bamboo material is a potential wood substitute given that its physical and mechanical properties are comparable with those of wood. As lignocellulose material, bamboo is also degraded for use outdoor. Two significant chemical modification for wood which may work for bamboo material are acetylation and furfurylation. This paper evaluates the weathering performance of furfurylated and acetylated bamboo sheets. Parameters studied include colour changes and contact angle after accelerated weathering process at QUV chamber. The result shows that the total colour differences ( E*) of furfurylation is higher than non-modified strips, while colour differences of acetylated bamboo strips are less than nonmodified strips. To summarize, chemically modified Sheets turn grey after weathering. Slowing of lignin photo-degradation by acetylation is attributed to the acetyl groups, which limits the degradation of lignin. Treating bamboo sheets with acetic anhydride and furfuryl alcohol was found to be effective in protecting bamboo from absorbing water during weather exposure.
EFFECT OF ACTIVATED CHARCOAL ADDITION ON FORMALDEHYDE EMISSION OF MEDIUM DENSITY FIBERBOARD Saptadi Darmawan; Kurnia Sofyan; Gustan Pari; Krisdianto Sugiyanto
Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol 7, No 2 (2010): Journal of Forestry Research
Publisher : Secretariat of Agency for Standardization of Environment and Forestry Instruments

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/ijfr.2010.7.2.100-111

Abstract

The manufacturing of medium density fiberboard (MDF) using dry forming process for interior purpose requires extensive amount of thermo-setting urea formaldehyde (UF) adhesive. Unfortunately, this adhesive brings about formaldehyde emission from the resulting MDF, which was potentially harmful to human beings. The use of activated charcoal can be effective to reduce such emission. As the relevance, this research aimed to investigate the effect of activated charcoal addition to the MDF pulp on formaldehyde emission from the MDF. The fibers for the MDF-mat forming were the pulp procured from the MDF factory, resulting from the thermo-mechanical pulping (TMP) conducted on the mixed mangium wood (Acacia mangium) and rubber wood (Hevea brasiliensis) in 3:1 (w/w) proportion, respectively.  Such mixed TMP pulping was also done in the factor y.  The bonding between TMP pulp fiber during mat forming was assisted by the use of UF adhesive.  Prior to the MDF mat forming , was added to the resulting TMP pulp-fibers activated charcoal in  various amount, 2%, 4% and 6% based on fiber mass as well as based on UF adhesive mass. The activated charcoal was prepared by carbonizing candle nut shell into charcoal followed by activation process using phosphate solution.  Meanwhile the forming of MDF mat employed air-dr y process. As the control, MDF forming with UF adhesive was performed without addition of activated charcoal. It turned out that the activated charcoal-added MDF exhibited effective reduction in formaldehyde emission and significant improvement in physical and mechanical properties, i.e. lower thickness swelling , and greater MOR , MOE and internal bond, compared to the control MDF. The use of activated charcoal at 4% based on the adhesive mass seemed to be the optimum amount.  Physical and mechanical properties of the activated charcoal added MDF could mostly meet the JIS specification.
Revitalisasi Taman Bunga Telang Paguyuban Makam Taman Muslim Rw. 02 Tebo Selatan, Kelurahan Mulyorejo, Kota Malang Suhartono, Bunga Rahmasari; Krisdianto, Krisdianto; Virgine, Maria Helena; Amalia, Khofifah Juni
PROSIDING SEMINAR NASIONAL PENGABDIAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat : MEMAKSIMALKAN POTENSI
Publisher : Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33086/snpm.v3i1.1252

Abstract

Proses pembudidayaan bunga telang yang dilakukan oleh KWT Paguyuban Makam Taman Muslim Tebo Selatan RW 02 Mulyorejo saat ini sudah banyak diolah menjadi produk-produk herbal dan masyarakat mulai aktif untuk mempromosikannya. Namun tidak dapat dipungkiri kesibukan pribadi masing-masing anggota paguyuban KWT berpengaruh terhadap kondisi lahan pemakaman, sehingga menjadi kurang terawat. meskipun ada tim pengelola yang ditugaskan, akan tetapi produktivitasnya terus menurun karena luasnya lahan pemakaman. Sehingga tim pengabdian melihat hal tersebut sebagai permasalahan yang perlu diatasi dengan kegiatan utama yaitu membuat alat penyiram otomatis berbasis water timer tanaman bunga telang. Diharapkan dengan adanya alat penyiram otomatis ini dapat meningkatkan kembali produktivitas tanaman bunga telang. Program kerja yang dilakukan adalah menggunakan metode pelaksanaan observasi dan evaluasi dimana dalam hal ini dilakukan tahap persiapan program dengan meninjau lokasi taman bunga telang, dilanjutkan dengan tahap pelaksanaan program yaitu pemberian lampu taman, pengecatan kembali pembatas jalan masuk taman, dan pemasangan alat penyiram otomatis berbasis water timer tanaman bunga telang. Metode terakhir yang dilakukan adalah dengan melakukan evaluasi program, yaitu untuk mengetahui kekurangan dari program yang telah dilakukan agar kedepannya dapat lebih optimal. Hasil yang diperoleh dari pengabdian ini ialah adanya revitalisasi dan peremajaan budidaya bunga telang yang mana terlaksana dengan sangat baik dan mempermudah anggota KWT yang terdiri dari ibu-ibu anggota PKK yang berjumlah 10 orang dalam mengelola taman. Telah terpasangnya alat penyiram otomatis tersebut dapat meringankan beban kerja pengelola taman dalam melakukan penyiraman tanaman bunga telang yang harus dilakukan setiap hari. Selain itu, alat tersebut dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam perekonomian masyarakat setempat apabila dapat diperjual belikan, karena sebagian masyarakat belum mengetahui alat penyiram otomatis berbasis water timer, dan juga beberapa masyarakat sudah mengetahuinya namun tidak dapat merakitnya sendiri.
STRUKTUR ANATOMI KAYU YANG DIPERDAGANGKAN DI KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR Ghozali, Rahmad; Susdiyanti, Tun; Meiganati, Kustin Bintani; Krisdianto, Krisdianto
Jurnal Nusa Sylva Vol. 22 No. 1 (2022): JURNAL NUSA SYLVA
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31938/jns.v22i1.496

Abstract

This study aims to determine the anatomical structure of wood and its possiblity uses for trade in Aceh Besar District. The research was carried out by observing 13 wood samples from the Bogorience 1915 xylarium wood collection. The observed samples included macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. Macroscopic characteristics include texture, color, pattern, texture, and grain direction of the wood. Microscopic characteristics observed were growth circumference boundaries, vessels, pores, dots, and radii based on the International Association of Wood Anatomists (IAWA) book. Each preparation was observed using a microscope and analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the anatomical structures of the macroscopic and microscopic properties of the 13 Aceh Besar wood species varied in terms of texture, grain direction, radius size, crystal type, fiber length, vessel length, and fiber wall thickness. While the pattern, color, distribution of pores, type of dots, type of perforation area, type of parenchyma cells, and the composition of the cells composing the radius show uniformity, and two kinds of wood have prismatic crystals, namely Surian wood in upright cells and Bangkirai wood in straight cells lie down. The 13 types of wood, 46% include strong class I-II for construction, bridges, pillars, and floors. Meanwhile, 54% is classified as strong class III-V as a material for making furniture, doors, windows, and products that do not require heavy strength.