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Paralyzing the WTO from the Inside: The Deadlock of the Appointment of Appellate Body Judges and its Repercussions I Gusti Ngurah Parikesit Widiatedja; Mohammad Qadam Shah
Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan Vol. 10 No. 2: August 2022 : Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan
Publisher : Magister of Law, Faculty of Law, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ius.v10i2.1093

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The establishment of the dispute settlement procedure that consists of the Panel Report and the Appellate Body has been the most remarkable characteristic of the World Trade Organization. Aside from the most productive international dispute resolution process, it has consistently adopted a rule-oriented procedure in enforcing the commitments made during trade negotiations. Since the last five years, however, the dispute settlement process has confronted an existential crisis. While conflict resolution through consultations and panels continues, the process under the Appellate Body is forced to stop. The United States has impaired the appointment of additional judges to this body, preventing it from obtaining the quorum required to hear appeals. This paper aims to identify and analyze the deadlock of the appointment of the Appellate Body judges and its repercussions for international trade governance, including Indonesia. This deadlock could jeopardize the viability of the global trading system as there would be no proceeding to hear the dispute at the appellate level. Some cases that involved Indonesia would also be affected, particularly if the parties are willing to continue this process to the Appellate Body.  
PENGATURAN TRANSAKSI PEMBAYARAN MENGGUNAKAN ASET KRIPTO DI INDONESIA I Gusti Agung Ngurah Dwija Iswara Aditya Ningrat; I Gusti Ngurah Parikesit Widiatedja
Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum Vol 10 No 11 (2022)
Publisher : Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum

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ABSTRAK Artikel ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengkaji regulasi terkait transaksi aset kripto di Indonesia guna mengetahui bagaimana pengaturan aktivitas transaksi menggunakan aset kripto. Metode penelitian yang dipakai yakni metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan statue approach serta disajikan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwasanya perdagangan aset kripto sebagai aset komoditas memiliki izin dari Kementrian Perdagangan, dalam hal ini Bappebti, dengan keluarnya Permendag No. 99 Tahun 2018. Hal ini semakin diperkuat dengan Peraturan Bappebti No. 3 Tahun 2019 serta Peraturan Bappebti No.5 Tahun 2019. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwasanya aset kripto bisa diklasifikasikan sebagai properti tidak berwujud yang bisa diperdagangkan ataupun properti hukum yang dipakai sebagai dasar hukum untuk perdagangan melalui teknologi perantara berupa elektronik melalui perjanjian khusus dan sarana komunikasi. Namun, menurut undang-undang mata uang, hanya mata uang rupiah yang diperbolehkan sebagai mata uang nasional serta menurut PBI No. 18/40/PBI/2016 dan PBI 19/12/PBI/2017 tentang penerapan teknologi keuangan menetapkan bahwasanya pemakaian aset kripto dilarang digunakan sebagai mata uang namun diperbolehkan sebagai aset komoditas. Kata Kunci: Aset Kripto, Blockchain, Transaksi, Komoditi, Kontrak Berjangka. ABSTRACT This article aims to examine regulations related to crypto asset transactions in Indonesia in order to find out how transaction activities using crypto assets are regulated. The research method used is the normative legal method with the statue approach and is presented descriptively. The results of the study show that crypto asset trading as a commodity asset has a permit from the Ministry of Trade, in this case CoFTRA, with the issuance of Permendag No. 99 of 2018. This is further strengthened by CoFTRA Regulation No. 3 of 2019 and CoFTRA Regulation No. 5 of 2019. This shows that crypto assets can be classified as intangible properties that can be traded or legal properties that are used as a legal basis for trading through intermediary technology in the form of electronics through special agreements and communication facilities. However, according to the currency law, only the rupiah currency is allowed as the national currency and according to PBI No. 18/40/PBI/2016 and PBI 19/12/PBI/2017 concerning the application of financial technology stipulates that the use of crypto assets is prohibited from being used as currency but is permitted as a commodity asset. Key Words: Crypto Assets, Blockchain, Transaction, Commodity, Futures Contract.
Perang Rusia-Ukraina dan Ancaman terhadap Kebebasan Berpendapat dan Berekspresi di Rusia Kent Revelino Chandra; I Gusti Ngurah Parikesit Widiatedja
Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana (Udayana Master Law Journal) Vol 12 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : University of Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JMHU.2023.v12.i02.p12

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The objective of this research is to explore the regulation of freedom of opinion and expression under international law and its implementation within the context of Russia's national law, particularly in relation to the Russia-Ukraine war. The study aims to examine and analyze the justifiability of the current restrictions imposed by Russia under international law and whether they align with the established criteria. According to General Comment No. 34, freedom of opinion should not be subject to limitations during an emergency, whereas freedom of expression may be restricted under specific conditions outlined in the Siracusa principles. These conditions encompass the requirement for restrictions to be based on clear and accessible laws, serving legitimate purposes, and implementing measures that are proportionate to protect the relevant interests. Through normative legal research methods utilizing statutory, case, and factual analysis, along with a conceptual/analytical approach, this paper concludes that freedom of opinion and expression are safeguarded and their limitations are determined as outlined in the ICCPR. As a result, Russia's actions in curbing freedom of expression do not align with the principles of international law. Penulisan ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaturan kebebasan berpendapat dan berekspresi berdasarkan hukum international serta bagaimana pengaturannya dalam hukum nasional Rusia di tengah perang yang terjadi antara Rusia dan Ukraina. Tulisan ini berupaya mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis ketepatan pembatasan hak berpendapat di Rusia menurut hukum internasional. General Comment Nomor 34 menyatakan bahwa kebebasan berpendapat adalah salah satu elemen, yang tidak akan pernah bisa dibatasi walau dalam keadaan darurat sekalipun. Hal ini kemudian berbeda dengan kebebasan berekspresi yang dapat di batasi apabila memenuhi secara komulatif syarat dari prinsip-prinsip siracusa, yaitu: Pertama, pembatasan wajib berdasarkan hukum yang dapat diakses dan tidak kabur. Kedua, pembatasan wajib memiliki tujuan yang sah. Ketiga, pemerintah wajib menetapkan pembatasan dimana merupakan limitasi yang serendah mungkin untuk melindungi kepentingan yang ada. Metode penelitian hukum normatif digunakan dalam penyusunan penulisan ini, dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan, kasus, dan fakta, serta pendekatan konseptual/analitis. Tulisan ini menemukan bahwa kebebasan berpendapat dan berekspresi telah dilindungi dan ditentukan batasan-batasannya dalam ICCPR. Dengan demikian, tindakan Russia dalam membatasi kebebasan berpendapat dan berekspresi adalah tidak sesuai dengan kaidah hukum internasional yang berlaku.
PENGATURAN PRINSIP MOST FAVOURED NATION (MFN) WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION DALAM PELAKSANAAN EKSPOR-IMPOR DI INDONESIA Elizabeth Sefanya Roulina; I Gusti Ngurah Parikesit Widiatedja
Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11 No 5 (2023)
Publisher : Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum

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ABSTRAK Tujuan penulisan jurnal ini yaitu untuk menganalisa pengaturan Prinsip Most Favoured Nation dalam pelaksanaan perdagangan internasional dengan menggunakan metode normatif. Prinsip ini merupakan prinsip dasar yang disepakati oleh World Trade Organization. Salah satu urgensi disepakatinya General Agreement on Tariff and Trade (GATT) yang pada akhirnya menjadi organisasi internasional yang bernama World Trade Organization (WTO) adalah persaingan dagang antara negara maju dengan negara berkembang. Sebagai salah satu negara anggota dari WTO, Indonesia harus tunduk pada prinsip most favoured nation. Dimana prinsip ini menekankan setiap anggota WTO diharuskan untuk memberlakukan negara lain dengan sama dalam kebijakan ekspor-impor dan tidak diperbolehkan untuk memberi perlakuan yang mengistimewakan atau diskriminatif terhadap negara lain. Kesetaraan ini menimbulkan permasalahan yang menempatkan Indonesia sebagai negara berkembang pada posisi sulit, karena tidak dapat menetapkan pembatasan tariff pada negara pengekspor atau negara maju yang terikat pada prinsip most favoured nation. Kata kunci: Most Favoured Nation, WTO, Ekspor, Impor, Indonesia ABSTRACT The purpose of writing of this journal is to analyze the regulation of Most Favored Nation principles in international trade using normative methods. This principle is one of the basic principle agreed upon by the World Trade Organization. Competition between developed and developing countries became, to some extent, the origin of the formation of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) that eventually became the World Trade Organization (WTO). Indonesia as a member of the WTO must adhere to the principle of most favoured nation. This principle emphasizes that WTO members are required to provide equal treatment in export and import policies and should not give preferential and discriminatory treatment to other countries. This equality raises problems that put Indonesia as a developing country in a difficult position, because it cannot set a tariff barrier on exporting countries or developed countries that are bound by the most favored nation principle. Key word: Most Favoured Nation, WTO, Export, Import, Indonesia
HAM DAN LEGALISASI EUTHANASIA DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM INDONESIA DAN BELGIA Jesica Winanda Leksono Putri; I Gusti Ngurah Parikesit Widiatedja
Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11 No 6 (2023)
Publisher : Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum

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Tujuan studi ini untuk meninjau legalitas praktik Euthanasia dalam perspektif hukum Indonesia dan Belgia serta kaitannya dengan HAM. Studi ini lalu menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Salah satu pro dan kontra dalam praktik dunia medis yaitu Euthanasia (good death) untuk mengakhiri penderitaan pasien akibat penyakit yang tidak dapat disembuhkan, setelah melalui berbagai upaya medis lainnya. Oleh karena itu, sangat penting untuk menganalisa seperti apa pengaturan Euthanasia di Indonesia dan Belgia, serta kaitannya dengan HAM. Hal ini karena belum terdapat peraturan di Indonesia yang secara tegas mengatur tentang Euthanasia, sedangkan Belgia membolehkan Euthanasia melalui Belgian Act of Euthanasia.
Akibat Hukum Mengenai Status Anak yang Lahir Dalam Perkawinan Campuran (Studi Perbandingan Indonesia dan Belanda) Jessi Grasiela Putri Bengngu; I Gusti Ngurah Parikesit Widiatedja
Ethics and Law Journal: Business and Notary Vol. 2 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : CV. Lenggogeni Data Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61292/eljbn.219

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This research aims to examine and analyze in depth the arrangements regarding mixed marriages applied by Indonesian and Dutch positive law and to understand the implementation of international law and Indonesian positive law in determining the status of children from mixed marriages. This research is a normative legal research. It was found that there are significant differences in the regulations regarding marriage and citizenship between Indonesia and the Netherlands, and the status of children born from mixed marriages between Indonesian and Dutch citizens raises various complexities that require special attention. For this reason, it is important for couples with different nationalities who will marry, to first properly understand their respective national laws regarding the marriage, and to deal with the complexity of the status of children born from mixed marriages between Indonesian and Dutch citizens, cooperation between countries in the context of International Civil Law is very important. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan pada mengkaji dan menganalisis secara mendalam pengaturan mengenai perkawinan campuran yang diterapkan oleh hukum positif Indonesia dan Belanda dan untuk memahami implementasi hukum internasional dan hukum positif Indonesia dalam menentukan status anak hasil perkawinan campuran. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif. Ditemukan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan dalam regulasi mengenai perkawinan dan kewarganegaraan antara Indonesia dan Belanda, dan status anak yang lahir dari perkawinan campuran antara warga negara Indonesia dan Belanda menimbulkan berbagai kompleksitas yang memerlukan perhatian khusus. Untuk itu penting bagi para pasangan dengan kewarganegaraan yang berbeda yang akan menikah, terlebih dahulu memahami benar hukum nasional masing-masing tekait perkawinan tersebut, dan untuk menangani kompleksitas status anak yang dilahirkan dari perkawinan campuran antara warga negara Indonesia dan Belanda, kerja sama antarnegara dalam konteks Hukum Perdata Internasional menjadi sangat penting.Kata kunci: perkawinan campuran, status anak, perbandingan hukum
PERATURAN BISNIS PERJANJIAN TERTUTUP DI INDONESIA Dharma Bakti, I Gede Alvin; Widiatedja, I Gusti Ngurah Parikesit
Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11 No 12 (2023)
Publisher : Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum

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ABSTRAK Jurnal ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji bentuk perjanjian tertutup yang berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1999 tentang Larangan Praktek Monopoli dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat merupakan suatu pelanggaran. Penulisan ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setiap perjanjian tertutup yang diatur dalam Undang-Undang Antimonopoli tidak selalu merupakan suatu pelanggaran dengan mengacu pada Peraturan Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha Nomor 5 Tahun 2011. Untuk dapat mengkualifikasikan apakah Perjanjian Tertutup tersebut melanggar atau tidak, maka perlu dicermati apa saja yang menjadi kriteria-kriteria pelanggaran yang terkandung dalam suatu perjanjian sehingga dapat dikatakan sebagai Perjanjian Tertutup yang ilegal. Kata Kunci: Persaingan Usaha, Perjanjian Tertutup, Pelanggaran ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to examine the forms of closed relationships that are prohibited in Law Number 5 of 1999 on the Prohibition of Monopolistic Practices and Unfair Business Competition, and any closed agreements that constitute a violation. This study employs a normative legal method with a statute and comparative approach. The results of the study show that any closed agreement as regulated in the Antimonopoly Law is not always a violation in accordance to the Regulation of Commission for the Supervision of Business Competition Number 5 of 2011. To qualifywhether the Closed Agreement is a violation or not, it is also necessary to examine what are the criteria for violations enshrined in the agreement so that the Closed Agreement can be qualified as a violation. Key Words: Business Competition, Closed Agreement, Violation
PRINSIP KESEPAKATAN (AGREEMENT) DALAM PEMBUATAN KONTRAK INTERNASIONAL Priskila, Jennifer Gracia; Widiatedja, I Gusti Ngurah Parikesit
Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11 No 10 (2023)
Publisher : Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum

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Abstrak : Pembuatan kontrak internasional dalam menjalani suatu kerjasama hingga transaksi jual-beli oleh suatu individu, perusahaan asing hingga badan hukum privat merupakan hal yang penting. Karena dengan terciptanya kontrak internasional tersebut munculah keterikatan antara kedua pihak untuk memenuhi kewajiban, hak serta untuk mewujudkan tercapai tujuan dari pembuatan kontrak tersebut. Penulisan ini memiliki tujuan guna memberikan pemahaman dan pengetahuan mengenai salah satu prinsip dalam hukum kontrak internasional yaitu prinsip kesepakatan. Metode penulisan yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini ialah metode hukum normatif dan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Hasil dari penulisan ini menunjukan tentang terlaksananya prinsip kesepakatan dalam pembuatan kontrak internasional dan akibat hukum yang ditimbulkan jika kedua pihak tidak dapat bersepakat dalam suatu pembuatan kontrak. Kata Kunci: Kesepakatan, Kontrak Internasional, Transaksi Internasional. Abstract : Drafting international contracts in carrying out a cooperation and buying as well as selling transaction by an individual, foreign company and private legal entity is important. Because with the creation of the international contract, an attachment arises between the two parties to fulfil obligations, rights and to realize the objectives of making the contract. This writing has the aim of providing understanding and knowledge about one of the principles in international contract law, namely the principle of agreement. The writing method used in this writing is the normative legal method and uses a statutory approach. The results of this paper show the implementation of the principle of agreement in the making of an international contract and the legal consequences that arise if the two parties cannot agree on a contract. Keywords: Agreement, International Contract, International Transaction.
Can the Job Creation Law Solve the Lack of Public Participation in Indonesia's Spatial Planning? Widiatedja, I Gusti Ngurah Parikesit; Satyawati, Ni Gusti Ayu Dyah; Shah, Mohammad Qadam
Lentera Hukum Vol 9 No 2 (2022): LENTERA HUKUM
Publisher : University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/ejlh.v9i2.30635

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It has been long recognized that public participation plays a vital role in dealing with spatial planning laws. However, mechanisms for the inclusion of public participation have been criticized worldwide for lacking the hallmarks of actual participation, as this trend has also occurred in Indonesia. This paper aimed to analyze the significance of public participation in Indonesia's spatial planning and whether the current Job Creation Law can solve the lack of public participation. There are no legal consequences or sanctions if the government fails to conduct public participation, while the Job Creation Law is regarded to encourage public participation by enabling the public to be actively involved in every stage of spatial planning. By employing normative research, this paper shows that the Job Creation Law reiterates the same flaws by neglecting the importance of legal consequences for not conducting public participation. The implementing regulation rests uncertainty that can reduce and discourage public participation. As the Job Creation Law was highly expected to cope with the issue, it cannot involve the public properly in spatial planning.Keywords: Job Creation Law, Spatial Planning, Public Participation.
Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Apoteker dalam Melakukan Pelayanan Kefarmasian Secara Elektronik Pasca Pemberlakuan Undang-Undang Kesehatan Putra, I Made Agus Sunadi; Kartika, I Gusti Ayu Putri; Widiatedja, I Gusti Ngurah Parikesit; Astuti, Ika Widi
JUNCTO: Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum Vol 6, No 1 (2024): JUNCTO : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum JUNI
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/juncto.v6i1.3912

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Proper legal protection for pharmacists is crucial in ensuring the sustainability of safe, quality, and ethically sound pharmaceutical practices following the enactment of Law Number 17 of 2023 on Health (Health Law). The purpose of this study is to examine the legal protection for pharmacists in conducting electronic pharmaceutical services following Health Law. This research is a normative juridical legal study with conceptual and statutory approach. The results of the study indicate that legal protection for pharmacists in conducting electronic pharmaceutical services enshrined in Health Law is divided into two types of legal protection, namely preventive and repressive legal protection. Preventive legal protection in this health law can be seen through the provisions regarding the rights of pharmacists in conducting pharmaceutical practices, particularly in the context of electronic pharmaceutical practices. Furthermore, regarding repressive legal protection, there are stipulations regarding the dispute resolution process that must be undertaken by the parties involved in medical disputes through both litigation and non-litigation processes.  
Co-Authors Adyt Dimas Prasaja Utama Anak Agung Ayu Mirah Kartini Irawan Astari, Ramadhan Bagus Made Bama Anandika Berata Cahaya, Bunga Lily Dewi, Ni Luh Putu Ratih Sukma Dewi, Ni Luh Sri Mahendra Dharma Bakti, I Gede Alvin Dwi Atmaja, Bima Kumara Elizabeth Sefanya Roulina Fayza Bratanova Soebroto Horatius, Bryan Regis I Dewa Gede Palguna I Gede Pasek Eka Wisanjaya I Gede Putu Putra Wibawa I Gust i Ngurah Wairocana I Gusti Agung Ngurah Dwija Iswara Aditya Ningrat I Gusti Ayu Putri Kartika, I Gusti Ayu I Made Budi Arsika I Made Yonathan Hadi Sanjaya I Nyoman Suyatna I WAYAN WINDIA Ida Bagus Erwin Ranawijaya Ida Bagus Wyasa Putra Ika Widi Astuti, Ika Widi Jati, Gusti Bagus Krisna Arum Jesica Winanda Leksono Putri Jessi Grasiela Putri Bengngu Kadek Agus Sudiarawan Kadek Nicky Novita Kayla Nixie Salsabil Halim Kent Revelino Chandra Komang Eky Saputra Laksmi, Ni Putu Ayu Utari Luh Putu Gita Dharmaningtyas Made Gde Subha Karma Resen Made Suksma Prijandhini Devi Salain Mohammad Qadam Shah Nadine Arieta Ravinka Nadirsyah Hosen Naufal Nafie Ramadhan Ni Gusti Ayu Dyah Satyawati Ni Gusti Ayu Dyah Satyawati Ni Putu Ari Putri Pertiwi Ni Putu Devy Handayani Pratiwi, Agustina Ni Made Ayu Darma Priskila, Jennifer Gracia Purwani, Sagung Putri ME Putra, I Made Agus Sunadi Putu Gede Arya Sumertayasa Putu Tantry Octaviani Putu Tuni Cakabawa Landra Qadam Shah, Mohammad Qadam Shah, Muhammad R. Caesalino Wahyu Putra R.A. Tuty Kuswardhani Ramaputra, Gede Angga Wirabhuwana Rosariani, Putu Eka Savitri, Pande Luh Made Devi Shah, Mohammad Qadam Shara, Made Cinthya Puspita Stephanie Maarty K Satyarini Venditha Velicia Virginia Dillys Kurniawan Yogantara, Pande