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The Improving Vigor of White Jabon Seeds after Storage for 4.5 Years Using Gamma Ray Irradiation M. Rahmad Suhartanto; Tatiek K. Suharsi; Evayusvita Rustam; Dede J. Sudrajat
Jurnal Perbenihan Tanaman Hutan Vol 6, No 2 (2018): Jurnal Perbenihan Tanaman Hutan
Publisher : Forest Tree Seed Technology Research & Development Center (FTSTRDC)/ Balai Penelitian dan

Low dosage gamma ray iradiation has a potency to improve the seed germination by increasing of enzimatic activities, cell division, stimulating of responsive genes to auksin and improving of seed metabolism. The aim of the research was to identify seed storability of white jabon (Neolamarckia cadamba) and to find out the effective gamma ray irradiation dosages to increase the seed vigor. Seeds were collected from 4 populations (Alas Puwo, Kampar, Batu Hijau, dan Pomalaa) and were stored for 4,5 years. Randomized completely design was used to analysis seed storability and the effect of irradiation dosages ((0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 Gy) on the parameters of seed germination and seedling growth. The result showed that seed storage for 4.5 years generally caused the decrease of seed viability and vigor, except for seeds from Batu Hijau.Seed moisture content decreased significantly to 4.08-4.87percent. Gamma ray irradiation provided different responses on the seed origin.Irradiation was only effetive to improve germination with an initial seed germination more than 40 percent. Overall, dose of 40 Gy was able to improve seed vigor and seedling growth so that it can be applied to increase vigor of white jabon seeds.

Pelengkungan Cabang dan Pemupukan Jeruk Keprok Borneo Prima pada Periode Transisi di Lahan Rawa Kabupaten Paser Kalimantan Timur Muhamad Noor Azizu; Roedhy Poerwanto; M. Rahmad Suhartanto; Ketty Suketi
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 26, No 1 (2016): Juni 2016
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v26n1.2016.p81-88

(Bending and Fertilization in Transition Period of Mandarin Citrus cv. Borneo Prima in Wetlands Paser Regency East Kalimantan)Jeruk keprok Borneo Prima (Citrus reticulata cv. Borneo Prima) merupakan komoditas lokal unggulan yang perlu dikembangkan sebagai upaya untuk mengurangi impor jeruk. Tanaman jeruk keprok Borneo Prima telah berumur 5 tahun, namun belum memasuki periode berbunga dan berbuah. Hal ini diduga karena kondisi lingkungan dan teknik budidaya yang belum sesuai. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mendapatkan teknik pelengkungan cabang dan dosis pupuk kandang yang tepat jeruk keprok Borneo Prima pada periode transisi di lahan rawa. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kebun jeruk petani Desa Padang Pengrapat, Kecamatan Tanah Grogot, Kabupaten Paser, Kalimantan Timur, di lahan rawa pada bulan Oktober 2013 sampai dengan Maret 2014, dengan rancangan acak kelompok faktorial dan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama ialah pelengkungan cabang dengan dua taraf, yaitu tidak dilengkungkan dan dilengkungkan. Faktor kedua ialah dosis pupuk kandang dengan empat taraf, yaitu 0, 40, 60, dan 80 kg/tanaman. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa pelengkungan cabang dapat menyebabkan tanaman jeruk keprok Borneo Prima yang berumur 5 tahun menjadi berbunga dan berbuah, sedangkan yang tidak dilengkungkan cabangnya tidak berbunga dan tidak berbuah. Selain itu pelengkungan cabang meningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif (jumlah tunas baru, total panjang tunas baru per pohon, dan total daun baru per pohon). Pemberian pupuk kandang sampai dengan 80 kg/tanaman pada periode transisi belum dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif dan generatif (jumlah bunga per cabang dan jumlah buah per cabang) sampai dengan 90 hari setelah perlakuan. Tidak terdapat interaksi antara pemberian pupuk kandang dan pelengkungan cabang terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif dan generatif. Bunga pertama muncul dari cabang atau tunas yang terletak di bagian dalam tajuk lalu diikuti tajuk yang terletak di luar. Untuk membungakan tanaman jeruk keprok Borneo Prima yang telah memasuki periode transisi atau pada periode transisi dapat dilakukan pelengkungan cabang.KeywordsJuvenil; Lahan rawa; Pupuk kandang; JerukAbstractMandarin citrus cv. Borneo Prima (Citrus reticulata cv. Borneo Prima) is superior local variety that needs to be developed in order to reduce citrus import. This citrus are 5 years old at wetlands in Paser East Kalimantan, but the citrus crop has not entered a fruitful period. This is allegedly due to environmental conditions and cultivation techniques are not appropriate. The purpose of this research was to find out the bending technology and best manure rate fertilization on transition period of mandarin citrus cv. Borneo Prima at wetlands.The experiment was conducted from October 2013 to March 2014 in the citrus farm orchard in Village of Padang Pengrapat, Tanah Grogot, Paser, East Kalimantan. The research used randomized block design with three replication. The first factor is bending (without bending and bending) and the second factor is manure rate (0, 40, 60, and 80 kg/plant). The results showed that bending can cause into flowering and fruiting mandarin citrus plant cv. Borneo Prima 5 year old, whereas that is without bending branches not flowering and not fruiting, in addition to the bending branches increase vegetative growth (number of new shoots, the total length of new shoots per plant, and total new leaves per plant). Manure up to 80 kg/plant in the period of transition has not been able to increase the vegetative and generative growth (number of flowers per branch and the number of fruits per branch) to 90 days after treatment.There is no interaction effect between bending and manure rate for vegetative and generative growth mandarin citrus cv. Borneo Prima. The first flowers appear from the branches or shoots located inside the canopy and canopy followed that outside located. Lend at interest mandarin citrus plant cv. Borneo Prima which has entered a transition period or in the period of transition can be done bending branches.

PENGARUH LAMA PENYIMPANAN DAN PERLAKUAN BENIH TERHADAP PENINGKATAN VIGOR BENIH KAKAO HIBRIDA Baharudin ;; Satriyas Ilyas; Mohamad Rahmad Suhartanto; Agus Purwantara
Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian Vol 13, No 1 (2010): Maret 2010
Publisher : Balai Besar Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v13n1.2010.p%p

Effect of Length Storage and Seed Treatment to Improve Seed Vigour of Kakao Hybrid. Cacaoseeds are categorized as recalcitrant which have some problems such as: hight water content, short storability,sensitive to desiccation, sensitive to low temperature and pathogen contamination. The aims of the research wasto observe the interaction effect between the period of storage and seed treatment on viability and vigor of hybridcacao seeds and seedling of TSH 858. This research was conducted at Seed Main Garden of Indonesian Centreof Coffee and Cacao Research Institute (Puslitkoka) in Jember, Laboratory of Bogor Agricultural University, andMicrobiological laboratory and glass house of Biotechnology Research Institute for Estate Crops of Indonesia inBogor during May to December 2008. Seeds used were derived from results of open cross pollination betweencacao TSH 858 vs Sca 6 from Puslitkoka. Factorial completely randomized design was used, the first factor wasthe period of seed storage and the second factor was the seed treatment. Result showed that interaction betweenthe period of seed storage and seed treatment were statistically significant on germination ability, speed growthrelatively, T50, and number of leaf. The germination ability of seed decreased after 4 weeks storage, but the useof Trichoderma harzianum DT/38 and T. pseudokoningii DT/39 able to increase the germination ability from 8%to 63%. Seed vigor was showed by speed growth relatively, growth velocity (T50- ), and number of leaf werealso improved in matriconditioned seeds compared with the untreated ones. Matriconditioning plus T. harzianumDT/38 and T. pseudokoningii DT/39 treatment also increased index of vigor 32%, speed of germination 0, 5 mg,height of seedlings 3,5 cm, length of roots 0,6 cm and number of roots 8,7 compared with those were untreated.Key words : Biological control, hybrid seed, seed storages, seed vigor, Theobroma cacaoBenih kakao tergolong rekalsitran yang memiliki beberapa kendala antara lain berkadar air tinggi, periodehidup yang relatif singkat, tidak tahan desikasi dan suhu rendah, dan mudah terkontaminasi patogen. Penelitianbertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh interaksi antara lama penyimpanan dengan perlakuan benih terhadapviabilitas dan vigor benih, serta bibit kakao hibrida TSH 858. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Induk Benih PusatPenelitian Kopi dan Kakao Indonesia Jember, Laboratorium Benih IPB, Laboratorium dan rumah kaca mikrobiologiBalai Penelitian Bioteknologi Perkebunan Indonesia Bogor, pada bulan Mei sampai Desember 2008. Benih hibridaberasal dari hasil persilangan terbuka antara kakao TSH 858 x Sca 6 dari Puslitkoka. Penelitian menggunakanPengaruh Lama Penyimpanan dan Perlakuan Benih terhadap Peningkatan Vigor Benih Kakao Hibrida (Baharudin, SatriyasIlyas, Mohamad Rahmad Suhartanto dan Agus Purwantara)74rancangan lingkungan acak lengkap faktorial, faktor pertama adalah lama penyimpanan secara alami dan faktorkedua perlakuan benih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan interaksi antara lama penyimpanan benih dengan perlakuanbenih nyata mempengaruhi daya berkecambah, kecepatan tumbuh relatif,T50dan jumlah daun. Benih kakaosetelah penyimpanan empat minggu menunjukkan daya berkecambah yang menurun, tetapi dengan perlakuanmatriconditioning plus Trichoderma harzianum DT/38 dan T. pseudokoningii DT/39 mampu meningkatkan dayakecambah dari 8% menjadi 63%. Vigor benih yang ditunjukkan oleh kecepatan tumbuh relatif, kecepatan tumbuh(T50 -), dan jumlah daun juga ikut meningkat dengan perlakuan matriconditioning. Perlakuan matriconditioningplus T. harzianum DT/38 dan T. pseudokoningii DT/39 mampu meningkatkan indeks vigor 32%, laju pertumbuhankecambah 0, 5 mg, tinggi bibit 3,5 cm, panjang akar 0,6 cm dan jumlah akar 8,7 dibanding tanpa perlakuan.Kata kunci : Pengendalian hayati, benih hibrida, penyimpanan benih, Theobroma cacao, vigor benih

ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI CENDAWAN TERBAWA BENIH KAKAO HIBRIDA BAHARUDIN BAHARUDIN; AGUS PURWANTARA; SATRIYAS ILYAS; MOHAMAD RAHMAD SUHARTANTO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 18, No 1 (2012): Maret 2012
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v18n1.2012.40-46

ABSTRAKBenih merupakan komponen dasar dalam menentukan produktivitastanaman kakao. Benih yang sehat dapat merupakan faktor penting dalammenentukan keberhasilan produktivitas kakao. Benih kakao mempunyaikadar air cukup tinggi sehingga berpotensi terinfeksi cendawan, yangdapat menurunkan mutu benih dan produksi kakao. Penelitian bertujuanuntuk mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi beberapa cendawan terbawa benihpada kakao hibrida. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Induk Benih PusatPenelitian Kopi dan Kakao Indonesia, Jember, Laboratorium Mikro-biologi, Balai Penelitian Bioteknologi Perkebunan Indonesia, danLaboratorium Pengendalian Hayati IPB Bogor pada bulan Juni sampaiOktober 2008. Penelitian menggunakan benih kakao hibrida dari hasilpersilangan buatan antar TSH 858 dengan Sca 6, dan percobaan disusundengan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 3 ulangan. Benih ditumbuhkanpada 3 media, yaitu water agar (WA), potato dextrose agar (PDA), dankertas saring (KS). Tingkat infeksi pada benih diamati setiap hari dandianalisis dengan analisis sidik ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan uji selangberganda Duncan. Cendawan diisolasi, dibiakkan, dimurnikan, dandiidentifikasi dengan menggunakan buku kunci identifikasi. Tingkatinfeksi cendawan terbawa benih kakao hibrida tertinggi terdapat pada harikeempat (35,00%) dan kelima (51,67%) pada media PDA. Sebanyak 13spesies cendawan terbawa benih kakao hibrida berhasil diidentifikasidengan menggunakan media WA dan PDA, serta 8 spesies cendawandengan media KS. Ke-13 cendawan terbawa benih yang ditemukan sangatberpotensi menurunkan mutu fisiologis benih dan produktivitas kakao.Cendawan tersebut perlu diuji lebih lanjut karena masing-masing memilikisifat-sifat patogenik, saprofitik, atau antagonistis terhadap cendawan lainpada benih kakao. Cendawan terbawa benih kakao hibrida paling dominanadalah Aspergillus spp., Penicillium chrysogenium, Coletotrichumacutatum, Curvularia geniculata, dan Fusarium spp. Cendawan-cendawanyang diduga berbahaya adalah Aspergillus spp., Coletotrichum acutatum,Curvularia geniculata, Fusarium spp., Phoma glomerata, danMacrophoma sp., dan yang diduga bersifat patogenik adalah Aspergillusflavus, Aspergillus ochraceus, Cladosporium herbanum, Curvulariageniculata, Fusarium oxysporum, Phoma glomerata, dan Macrophoma sp.Kata kunci : Theobroma cacao, benih hibrida, infeksi cendawan, mediatanamIsolation and Identification of Fungi on Hybrid Cacao SeedsABSTRACTSeed is the basic component influencing the productivity of cacaoplantation. Healthy seed is the most important factor in determining thesuccess of cacao productivity. Moisture content of cacao seeds is quitehigh potentially to cause fungi infection, which can further reduce seedquality and cacao production. The research aimed at isolating andidentifying several seedborne fungi on hybrid cacao. The study wasconducted at main nursery of Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa ResearchInstitute Jember, Laboratory of Microbiology, Indonesian BiotechnologyResearch Institute for Estate Crops, and the Laboratory for BiologicalControl of IPB Bogor from June to October 2008. Research used hybridcacao seeds derived from crossing between TSH 858 x SCA 6, and theexperiment was arranged using completely randomized design with threereplicates. Cacao seeds were grown on three media, i.e. water agar (WA),potato dextrose agar (PDA), and filter paper (KS). Infection rates on theseedlings were observed every day and analyzed using ANOVA followedby Duncan's multiple regression test (DMRT). Fungi were isolated,cultured, purified, and identified using the identification keys. The highestrate of seedborn fungal infection occured on fourth (35.00%) and fifth(51.67%) days on PDA media. A total of 13 species of seedborn fungi onhybrid cocoa were identified by using WA and PDA media, as well as 8other species by using KS. The 13 seedborne fungi potentially reduce seedphysiological quality and cacao productivity. These fungi need to befurther tested because each has its own pathogenic, saprophytic, orantagonistic properties towards other fungi on cacao seeds. Predominantseedborn fungi on hybrid cacao were Aspergillus spp., Penicilliumchrysogenium, Coletotrichum acutatum, Curvularia geniculata, andFusarium spp. The fungi suspected harmful were Aspergillus spp.,Coletotrichum acutatum, Curvularia geniculata, Fusarium spp., Phomaglomerata, and Macrophoma sp., and those suspected pathogenic wereAspergillus flavus, Aspergillus ochraceus, Cladosporium herbanum,Curvularia geniculata, Fusarium oxysporum, Phoma glomerata, andMacrophoma sp.Key words : Theobroma cacao, fungi infection, hybrid seed, growingmedia

ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI CENDAWAN TERBAWA BENIH KAKAO HIBRIDA BAHARUDIN BAHARUDIN; AGUS PURWANTARA; SATRIYAS ILYAS; MOHAMAD RAHMAD SUHARTANTO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 18, No 1 (2012): Maret 2012
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v18n1.2012.40-46

ABSTRAKBenih merupakan komponen dasar dalam menentukan produktivitastanaman kakao. Benih yang sehat dapat merupakan faktor penting dalammenentukan keberhasilan produktivitas kakao. Benih kakao mempunyaikadar air cukup tinggi sehingga berpotensi terinfeksi cendawan, yangdapat menurunkan mutu benih dan produksi kakao. Penelitian bertujuanuntuk mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi beberapa cendawan terbawa benihpada kakao hibrida. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Induk Benih PusatPenelitian Kopi dan Kakao Indonesia, Jember, Laboratorium Mikro-biologi, Balai Penelitian Bioteknologi Perkebunan Indonesia, danLaboratorium Pengendalian Hayati IPB Bogor pada bulan Juni sampaiOktober 2008. Penelitian menggunakan benih kakao hibrida dari hasilpersilangan buatan antar TSH 858 dengan Sca 6, dan percobaan disusundengan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 3 ulangan. Benih ditumbuhkanpada 3 media, yaitu water agar (WA), potato dextrose agar (PDA), dankertas saring (KS). Tingkat infeksi pada benih diamati setiap hari dandianalisis dengan analisis sidik ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan uji selangberganda Duncan. Cendawan diisolasi, dibiakkan, dimurnikan, dandiidentifikasi dengan menggunakan buku kunci identifikasi. Tingkatinfeksi cendawan terbawa benih kakao hibrida tertinggi terdapat pada harikeempat (35,00%) dan kelima (51,67%) pada media PDA. Sebanyak 13spesies cendawan terbawa benih kakao hibrida berhasil diidentifikasidengan menggunakan media WA dan PDA, serta 8 spesies cendawandengan media KS. Ke-13 cendawan terbawa benih yang ditemukan sangatberpotensi menurunkan mutu fisiologis benih dan produktivitas kakao.Cendawan tersebut perlu diuji lebih lanjut karena masing-masing memilikisifat-sifat patogenik, saprofitik, atau antagonistis terhadap cendawan lainpada benih kakao. Cendawan terbawa benih kakao hibrida paling dominanadalah Aspergillus spp., Penicillium chrysogenium, Coletotrichumacutatum, Curvularia geniculata, dan Fusarium spp. Cendawan-cendawanyang diduga berbahaya adalah Aspergillus spp., Coletotrichum acutatum,Curvularia geniculata, Fusarium spp., Phoma glomerata, danMacrophoma sp., dan yang diduga bersifat patogenik adalah Aspergillusflavus, Aspergillus ochraceus, Cladosporium herbanum, Curvulariageniculata, Fusarium oxysporum, Phoma glomerata, dan Macrophoma sp.Kata kunci : Theobroma cacao, benih hibrida, infeksi cendawan, mediatanamIsolation and Identification of Fungi on Hybrid Cacao SeedsABSTRACTSeed is the basic component influencing the productivity of cacaoplantation. Healthy seed is the most important factor in determining thesuccess of cacao productivity. Moisture content of cacao seeds is quitehigh potentially to cause fungi infection, which can further reduce seedquality and cacao production. The research aimed at isolating andidentifying several seedborne fungi on hybrid cacao. The study wasconducted at main nursery of Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa ResearchInstitute Jember, Laboratory of Microbiology, Indonesian BiotechnologyResearch Institute for Estate Crops, and the Laboratory for BiologicalControl of IPB Bogor from June to October 2008. Research used hybridcacao seeds derived from crossing between TSH 858 x SCA 6, and theexperiment was arranged using completely randomized design with threereplicates. Cacao seeds were grown on three media, i.e. water agar (WA),potato dextrose agar (PDA), and filter paper (KS). Infection rates on theseedlings were observed every day and analyzed using ANOVA followedby Duncan's multiple regression test (DMRT). Fungi were isolated,cultured, purified, and identified using the identification keys. The highestrate of seedborn fungal infection occured on fourth (35.00%) and fifth(51.67%) days on PDA media. A total of 13 species of seedborn fungi onhybrid cocoa were identified by using WA and PDA media, as well as 8other species by using KS. The 13 seedborne fungi potentially reduce seedphysiological quality and cacao productivity. These fungi need to befurther tested because each has its own pathogenic, saprophytic, orantagonistic properties towards other fungi on cacao seeds. Predominantseedborn fungi on hybrid cacao were Aspergillus spp., Penicilliumchrysogenium, Coletotrichum acutatum, Curvularia geniculata, andFusarium spp. The fungi suspected harmful were Aspergillus spp.,Coletotrichum acutatum, Curvularia geniculata, Fusarium spp., Phomaglomerata, and Macrophoma sp., and those suspected pathogenic wereAspergillus flavus, Aspergillus ochraceus, Cladosporium herbanum,Curvularia geniculata, Fusarium oxysporum, Phoma glomerata, andMacrophoma sp.Key words : Theobroma cacao, fungi infection, hybrid seed, growingmedia

PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI DAN MUTU RIMPANG BENIH JAHE PUTIH BESAR MELALUI APLIKASI ZAT PENGATUR TUMBUH The Production and Quality Improvement of Big White Ginger Seed Rhizomes by Plant Growth Regulator Aplication Devi Rusmin; Muhammad Rahmad Suhartanto; Satriyas Ilyas; Dyah - Manohara; Eny - Widajati
Perspektif Vol 19, No 1 (2020): Juni 2020
Publisher : Puslitbang Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/psp.v19n1.2020.29-40

Permasalahan utama dalam pengembangan tanaman jahe putih besar (JPB) adalah terbatasnya ketersediaan rimpang benih bermutu dalam jumlah yang mencukupi, pada waktu diperlukan oleh pengguna. Permasalahan tersebut antara lain disebabkan oleh produksi dan mutu rimpang benih yang masih rendah, serta bobot rimpang benih yang cepat menyusut dan mudah bertunassaat di penyimpanan. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk menginformasikan kepada pengguna tentang karakter pola pertumbuhan, keseimbangan hormonal dan perubahan fisiologis yang menjadi faktor perhatian utama dalam peningkatan produksi dan mutu JPB melalui aplikasi zat pengatur tumbuh (ZPT).Peningkatan produksi dan mutu dapat dicapai dengan penggunaan rimpang benih bermutu yang diperoleh melalui: penentuan pola pertumbuhan, pengaturan keseimbangan hormon, baik secara alami (pengaturan iklim mikro), maupun dengan pemberianZPT selama proses produksi di lapangan dan di penyimpanan. Beberapa hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa: (1) Pola pertumbuhan tajuk dan rimpang JPB selama pembentukan dan perkembangannya secara umum diklasifikasikan atas tiga fase yaitu: fase lambat 1–4 bulan setelah tanam (BST), cepat (> 4–6 BST), dan pemasakan (> 6 BST).Rimpang benih JPB umur 7 BST sudah dapat digunakan sebagai bahan tanaman. (2) Perbedaan lokasi tanam dan umur panen mempengaruhi pola keseimbangan hormon endogen tanaman (rasio hormonABA/GA dan ABA/sitokinin (Zeatin) dan mutu rimpang benih JPB. Rasio ABA/sitokinin (zeatin) yang lebih tinggi pada rimpang benih umur 7 BST (5,0) dan 8 BST (4,7) dibanding rimpang benih umur 9 BST (4,2) untuk rimpang benih asal Nagrak, sehingga mampu memicu dan mempertahankan dormansi sehingga benih JPB lebih tahan disimpan. (3) Periode dormansi benih rimpang JPB pecah setelah disimpan selama 2 bulan dan merupakan periode kritis atau periode yang tepat untuk aplikasi perlakuan penundaan pertunasan. (4) Aplikasi PBZ 400 ppm meningkatkan produksi JPB yang dinyatakan dalam bobot basah (22%) dan jumlah rimpang cabang (68%), dengan karakter rimpang: kecil, ruas pendek dan bernas, serta meningkatkan mutu dan daya simpan dibanding tanpa PBZ. (5) Aplikasi PBZ 1000 ppm, pada suhu ruang simpan 20 – 22 ºC, dapat menekan susut bobot sebesar 15% dibanding kontrol, setelah disimpan selama 4 bulan dan dapat menekan persentase rimpang bertunas sebesar 26% setelah 3 bulan disimpan.Permasalahan utama dalam pengembangan tanaman jahe putih besar (JPB) adalah terbatasnya ketersediaan rimpang benih bermutu dalam jumlah yang mencukupi, pada waktu diperlukan oleh pengguna. Permasalahan tersebut antara lain disebabkan oleh produksi dan mutu rimpang benih yang masih rendah, serta bobot rimpang benih yang cepat menyusut dan mudah bertunassaat di penyimpanan. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk menginformasikan kepada pengguna tentang karakter pola pertumbuhan, keseimbangan hormonal dan perubahan fisiologis yang menjadi faktor perhatian utama dalam peningkatan produksi dan mutu JPB melalui aplikasi zat pengatur tumbuh (ZPT).Peningkatan produksi dan mutu dapat dicapai dengan penggunaan rimpang benih bermutu yang diperoleh melalui: penentuan pola pertumbuhan, pengaturan keseimbangan hormon, baik secara alami (pengaturan iklim mikro), maupun dengan pemberianZPT selama proses produksi di lapangan dan di penyimpanan. Beberapa hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa: (1) Pola pertumbuhan tajuk dan rimpang JPB selama pembentukan dan perkembangannya secara umum diklasifikasikan atas tiga fase yaitu: fase lambat 1–4 bulan setelah tanam (BST), cepat (> 4–6 BST), dan pemasakan (> 6 BST).Rimpang benih JPB umur 7 BST sudah dapat digunakan sebagai bahan tanaman. (2) Perbedaan lokasi tanam dan umur panen mempengaruhi pola keseimbangan hormon endogen tanaman (rasio hormonABA/GA dan ABA/sitokinin (Zeatin) dan mutu rimpang benih JPB. Rasio ABA/sitokinin (zeatin) yang lebih tinggi pada rimpang benih umur 7 BST (5,0) dan 8 BST (4,7) dibanding rimpang benih umur 9 BST (4,2) untuk rimpang benih asal Nagrak, sehingga mampu memicu dan mempertahankan dormansi sehingga benih JPB lebih tahan disimpan. (3) Periode dormansi benih rimpang JPB pecah setelah disimpan selama 2 bulan dan merupakan periode kritis atau periode yang tepat untuk aplikasi perlakuan penundaan pertunasan. (4) Aplikasi PBZ 400 ppm meningkatkan produksi JPB yang dinyatakan dalam bobot basah (22%) dan jumlah rimpang cabang (68%), dengan karakter rimpang: kecil, ruas pendek dan bernas, serta meningkatkan mutu dan daya simpan dibanding tanpa PBZ. (5) Aplikasi PBZ 1000 ppm, pada suhu ruang simpan 20 – 22 ºC, dapat menekan susut bobot sebesar 15% dibanding kontrol, setelah disimpan selama 4 bulan dan dapat menekan persentase rimpang bertunas sebesar 26% setelah 3 bulan disimpan. ABSTRACT The main problems in the development of big white ginger plant (BWG) is the limited availability of quality seed rhizomes in sufficient quantities, at the time required by the user. Its caused by the production and quality of seed rhizomes are still low, and the seed rhizomes weight are rapidly shrinking and sprouting when in the storage. This Overview aims to inform users about the character of the pattern of growth, the balance of hormonal and physiological changes that are primarily focused on the production and seed quality improvement BWG through the application of plant growth regulator (PGR). Increased production and quality can be achieved by the use of quality seed rhizomes obtained through: determination of growth patterns, hormonal balance regulation, both naturally (microclimate regulation), as well as by application of growth regulators (ZPT) during the production process in the field and in storage. Some research results showed that: (1) The growth pattern of the canopy and GWB seed rhizomes during its formation and development is generally classified into three phases: slow phase 1-4 months after planting (MAP), fast (> 4-6 MAP), and maturty (> 6 BST). (2) Differences in planting location and harvest age affect the balance pattern of plant endogenous hormones (ABA / GA and ABA / cytokinin (zeatin) hormone ratios) and the BWG seed rhizomes quality. ABA / cytokinin ratios are higher in BWG seedlings aged 7 MAP (5.0) and 8 MAP (4.7) compared to 9 MAP (4.2) for seed rhizomes from Nagrak, so they are able to trigger and maintain dormancy so Its are more resistant to storage. (3) The dormancy period of BWG seed rhizomes break after stored for 2 months and this is a critical period or an appropriate period for sprouting inhibition treatment. (4) Application of PBZ 400 ppm increased production and quality of BWG seed rhizomes, namely: wet weight (22%) and number of branch rhizomes (68%) with rhizome characteristics: small, short and filled out internodes compared without PBZ. (5) Application of PBZ 1000 ppm, at a storage temperature of 20-22 ºC, can reduce weight loss by 15% compared to control, after stored for 4 months and also can reduce the sprouting percentage of rhizomes by 26% after stored for 3 months.

The BAP Responses to the Flowering and Production on variety of Red Onions Fatiani Manik; Endah Retno Palupi; Mohamad Rahmad Suhartanto
JERAMI : Indonesian Journal of Crop Science Vol 2 No 1 (2019): JIJCS
Publisher : Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University

The use of quality seeds can increase the production of garlic. One indicator of increased yield can be seen from the size of cloves. The research aimed to know the growth and production of garlic from clove size and different seeds storage method. The experiment was conducted at Experimental farm Berastagi that began February-June 2018. The experiments was arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design with two factors. The first factor is the size of cloves, namely: 2.3 g / clove, 1.4 g / clove, 0.7 g / clove and the second factor is the storage method of separation of tubers and separation of cloves.. The observed variables include plant height, leaf number, leaf length, stem diameter, tuber weight, tuber diameter, number of cloves, and ability to grow. The results showed that storage method had significant effect on percentage of germination seed. Clove weight and storage method not significant effect on plant height, leaf number, leaf length, neck diamter, tuber weight, tuber diameter and number of cloves. Interaction occurs between treatments the neck diameter of garlic

Edukasi Good Agriculture Practice dan Perbanyakan Bibit dengan Stek Daun dalam Budi Daya Nanas (Ananas comosus L. Merr) di Desa Curugrendeng, Kecamatan Jalan Cagak, Kabupaten Subang Arodi Agustenta Sinulingga; Rahmad Suhartanto
Jurnal Pusat Inovasi Masyarakat (PIM) Vol. 2 No. 1 (2020): Februari 2020
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (860.952 KB)

Pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr) is a featured fruit commodity with the fourth largest production and second export in Indonesia. Jalan Cagak District is one of the centers of pineapple production but has decreased production by 38% from 2017 to 2018. The decline in production is allegedly due to low adoption of pineapple cultivation and the use of low quality seeds. One of the efforts to increase pineapple production through education activities on Production Operational Standard with the concept of Good Agriculture Practice and making a pineapple nursery demonstration plot using leaf cuttings as a pilot project for farmers. Education is provided in the form of outreach, technical guidance and socialization. The activity was conducted for pineapple farmers in Curugrendeng Village who were participants of the activity. Pineapple nursery demonstration plots using leaf cuttings planted on 12,5 m2 of land with a population of 1.961 planted cuttings.

Optimasi Produksi dan Mutu Benih Padi Varietas PBM UBB 1 dengan Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat dan Pupuk Fosfat: Optimasi Produksi dan Mutu Benih Padi Varietas PBM UBB 1 dengan Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat dan Pupuk Fosfat Kartika Kartika; M. Rahmad Suhartanto; Abdul Munif; Endah Retno Palupi; Satriyas Ilyas
AGROSAINSTEK: Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pertanian Vol 6 No 2 (2022): AGROSAINSTEK: Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Bangka Belitung

One of the problems for phosphate fertilizing in ultisol soil is Al and Fe bounding and could be overcome by phosphate solubilizing bacteria activity.This study aimed to obtain the best dose of phosphate fertilizer with phosphate solubilizing bacteria for the production of upland rice seeds of the UBB1 PBM variety (Bangka Belitung University red rice 1) and its effect on seed quality. The research was carried out at the Research and Experimental Gardens – Faculty of Agriculture, Fisheries and Biology, University of Bangka Belitung, from August to December 2020. The design used was a split plot design, the main plot was phosphate solubilizing bacteria (treatment and control), and the subplots were fertilizers. phosphate (P1– quarter dose, P2– half dose, P2–three-quarter dose, P4– full dose). Seeds produced in the field were tested in the laboratory for viability and vigor. In the field, phosphate solubilizing bacteria (Burkholderia sp) can replace half the dose of phosphate fertilizer. This was indicated by the seed weight of plant-1 which did not differ between full dose + control and half dose + treatment. This fact was also identified in the viability and vigor of the seeds in laboratory testing. There was no significant difference in germination rate and vigor index between the two treatments. This finding shows that phosphate solubilizing bacteria can be applied for efficiency of phosphate fertilization and guaranteeing seed production and seed quality

Isolation and Characterization of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria from Upland Rice Cultivation Areas in Bangka Regency Kartika, Kartika; Munif, Abdul; Palupi, Endah Retno; Ilyas, Satriyas; Suhartanto, Muhamad Rahmad
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 9, No 1 (2024): March
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.84500

The availability of phosphorus (P) in ultisol acid soils presents a significant challenge due to its attachment to aluminum (Al) or iron (Fe) compounds. A potential solution to address this issue is the utilization of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB). Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the potential of PSB originating from upland rice cultivation on ultisol soils. The bacterial isolates were obtained from soil samples taken from the rhizosphere area and root tissue of upland rice plants cultivated in Payabenua and Saing Villages, Bangka Regency. The pathogenicity testing encompassed hypersensitivity and hemolysis tests, while the P solubilization included the evaluation of the phosphate solubilizing index (PSI) and P dissolution. Subsequently, the selected isolates were subjected to phosphatase enzyme and organic acid content assessment. The results showed a total of 120 isolates, predominantly distributed in the Payabenua area and primarily consisting of endophytic bacteria. Among the six selected isolates, genus Burkholderia dominated four isolates, while the remaining isolates belonged to genus Serratia. Furthermore, in Burkholderia vietnamiensis, the solubility value of P in AlPO4 and Ca3(PO4)2 liquid media exhibited a range of 0.0013 to 0.0344% and 0.0008 to 0.1842%, respectively.

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