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FACTORS RELATED TO MOTHER COMPLIANCE CARRYING OUT COMPLETE PRIMARY IMMUNIZATION IN THE WORK AREA OF CIHIDEUNG COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER TASIKMALAYA CITY Tatu Septiani Nurhikmah; Kusnandi Rusmil; Elsa Puji Setiawati
Siklus : Journal Research Midwifery Politeknik Tegal Vol 9, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Politeknik Harapan Bersama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30591/siklus.v9i1.1664

Immunization must be given to all babies in Indonesia. However, the complete primary immunization was still unsuccessful because of the mother’s compliance to immunizing her baby. The study goal was analyzing pertain factor of mother’s compliance in applying complete primary immunization. The study design applies a mixed-method completed by a sequential exploration strategy. The first stage was a quantitative method to 70 mothers that have a baby age of 12-13 months by using simple random sampling; measuring instrument was a questionnaire, then the data analyzed by chi-square and double logistic regression. The second stage was a qualitative method to 10 mothers by applying purposive sampling, guided by in-depth interviews. The study result of the quantitative bivariable analysis method shows knowledge, attitude, motivation, and family support correlate with the mother’s obedience in doing complete primary immunization (p-value 0,001). Multivariable analysis results the dominant affected factor is knowledge (p-value 0,001) with OR 62,21, while motivation with (p-value 0,007) OR 31,98. Furthermore, the qualitative analysis result shows the mother’s assumption that the healthy baby did not need to be immunized, she did not know that their baby has not immunized yet, the incomplete immunization information, fever worried, lazy, and believe. Vaccine limitation becomes some factors that interfere with complete primary immunization. Thus, the dominant factor of the mother’s obedience is knowledge and motivation. Keywords: Immunization, mother, obedience

FACTORS RELATED TO MOTHER COMPLIANCE CARRYING OUT COMPLETE PRIMARY IMMUNIZATION IN THE WORK AREA OF CIHIDEUNG COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER TASIKMALAYA CITY Tatu Septiani Nurhikmah; Kusnandi Rusmil; Elsa Puji Setiawati
Siklus : Journal Research Midwifery Politeknik Tegal Vol 9, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Politeknik Harapan Bersama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30591/siklus.v9i1.1664

Immunization must be given to all babies in Indonesia. However, the complete primary immunization was still unsuccessful because of the mother’s compliance to immunizing her baby. The study goal was analyzing pertain factor of mother’s compliance in applying complete primary immunization. The study design applies a mixed-method completed by a sequential exploration strategy. The first stage was a quantitative method to 70 mothers that have a baby age of 12-13 months by using simple random sampling; measuring instrument was a questionnaire, then the data analyzed by chi-square and double logistic regression. The second stage was a qualitative method to 10 mothers by applying purposive sampling, guided by in-depth interviews. The study result of the quantitative bivariable analysis method shows knowledge, attitude, motivation, and family support correlate with the mother’s obedience in doing complete primary immunization (p-value 0,001). Multivariable analysis results the dominant affected factor is knowledge (p-value 0,001) with OR 62,21, while motivation with (p-value 0,007) OR 31,98. Furthermore, the qualitative analysis result shows the mother’s assumption that the healthy baby did not need to be immunized, she did not know that their baby has not immunized yet, the incomplete immunization information, fever worried, lazy, and believe. Vaccine limitation becomes some factors that interfere with complete primary immunization. Thus, the dominant factor of the mother’s obedience is knowledge and motivation. Keywords: Immunization, mother, obedience

Safety and Preliminary Immunogenicity of Recombinant Hepatitis B (Bio Farma) Vaccine in Adults and Children: A Phase 1 Clinical Trial Fadlyana, Eddy; Tarigan, Rodman; Rusmil, Kusnandi; Sari, Rini Mulia; Kartasmita, Cissy B; Mardiah, Behesti Zahra; Dwi Putra, Muhammad Gilang
Althea Medical Journal Vol 10, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v10n4.3279

Background: In order to fulfil the requirements of the national immunization program and sustain the production capacity of the monovalent Hepatitis B vaccine, this study aimed to assess the safety and immunogenicity of the recombinant Hepatitis B Vaccine (Bio Farma) using the new Hepatitis B bulk. Methods: This study was an experimental, randomized, double-blinded, and controlled Phase I clinical trial, with 100 healthy subjects divided into 50 adults and 50 adolescents. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either the Bio Farma registered Recombinant Hepatitis B Vaccine (group A) or a new source of Hepatitis B bulk (group B). Subjects received one or three doses of vaccine, depending on the baseline anti-Hbs titer. Subjects were given diary cards to record solicited and unsolicited adverse events for 28 days following vaccination. Vaccine immunogenicity was assessed by measuring the level of HBsAg antibody titer elevation.Results: No serious adverse events were reported during clinical trials. The frequencies of adverse events were not significantly different between the two vaccine-randomized groups. The most immediately observed local reaction was local pain, reported by 35.7–42.8% of adults and 24.0–26.3% of adolescents, without any systemic reactions. Seroconversion in adults in group B reached 100% and 78.5% in group A, meanwhile in adolescent subjects in both groups it reached 100%. A substantial increase in geometric mean titer (GMT) was observed in the majority of subjects after immunization.Conclusion: Recombinant Hepatitis B Vaccine with a new source of HBsAg B bulk is safe, well tolerated, and highly immunogenic.

Factors Affecting Breast Milk Substitute in Pidie Jaya, Aceh, Indonesia Fazira, Frisca; Arisanti, Nita; Gurnida, Dida; Susiarno, Hadi; Azis, Muhammad Alamsyah; Rusmil, Kusnandi
Althea Medical Journal Vol 11, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v11n2.3060

Background: Breast milk is the first, main, and best natural food for babies. Breast milk contains various nutrients needed in the process of growth and development of babies. Breastfeeding is a health behavior carried out by mothers. This study aimed to analyze the factors that influence the provision of breast milk substitutes.Methods: This was a quantitative study, using a cross-sectional design. Data collection was carried out from July to August 2022 on 71 mothers who had babies aged up to 6 months at the Bandar Baru Public Health Center, Pidie Jaya, Aceh, Indonesia. Consecutive sampling technique was used. The variables studied included behavior intentions, social support, accessibility of information, personal autonomy, and situational action. Chi-square was used to assess the relationship between independent variables and the dependent variables.Results: Most mothers were aged 20–35 years (70.4%), had junior high school education (78.9%), were unemployed (76.1%), and most did not provide breast milk substitutes (70.4%). Mothers who provided breast milk substitutes was significantly associated with the mother’s intention to give breast milk (p=0.002) and environmental conditions/situations for action (p=0.001). Mothers with low intentions tended to substitute breastmilk (53.8%). Furthermore, the situation of action influenced mothers to provide breast milk substitutes (48.6%).Conclusion: Factors that influence mothers to provide breast milk substitutes are low intention and environmental conditions/situations to act. Therefore, education for mothers to give exclusive breast milk is encouraged.

Autism Spectrum Disorder: a Two-center Evaluation of Pharmacological Intervention and Behavioral Therapies on Core Symptoms Solek, Purboyo; Gamayani, Uni; Rusmil, Kusnandi; Afriandi, Irvan; Prasetya, Taufan; Rizqiamuti, Anggia Farrah; Nurfitri, Eka; Burhan, Burhan; Sahril, Indra; Gunawan, Kevin
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol 12, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/gmhc.v12i3.14460

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by chronic deficits in social communication and interaction, with sensory processing abnormalities affecting over 90% of individuals across different sensory areas. This study investigated the combined effects of aripiprazole and behavioral therapy (BT) on core symptoms of ASD in children aged 6–10. Utilizing the considerable neuroplasticity still present at this age, we hypothesized that this combined approach might yield superior outcomes compared to BT alone. The 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted from February 2023 to January 2024 at two sites of Child Development Centers in Bandung city, involving 51 participants (22 intervention, 29 placebo). The intervention group received aripiprazole and BT, while the placebo group received saccharum lactis and BT. Both groups underwent BT comprising applied behavioral analysis (ABA) and discrete trial training (DTT). The Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) assessed treatment effects. The independent 2-sample t-tests and Mann-Whitney tests showed no significant differences in overall CARS scores between groups. However, the analysis revealed significant improvements in three subcategories: VII (visual response, p=0.021), IX (taste-smell-touch response, p=0.035), and X (fear or nervousness, p=0.043). These findings suggest that the combined approach may enhance sensory processing and emotional regulation in children with ASD. The study highlights the potential benefits of a multimodal approach to ASD treatment, combining targeted pharmacological intervention with behavioral therapies. However, limitations such as study duration and sample size warrant further research to optimize treatment strategies for individuals across the autism spectrum.

TEACHERS’ CHALLENGE IN TEACHING THE PREVENTION OF SEXUAL ABUSE IN DISABILITIES Sudirman, Siska Bradinda Putri; Afriandi, Irvan; Winarno, Gatot N.A; Rusmil, Kusnandi; Arisanti, Nita
Journal of Early Childhood Education (JECE) Vol 7, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University of Jakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jece.v7i1.46592

Individuals with disabilities are one of the most vulnerable people due to sexual abuse. A recent study found that 31.7% of children with disabilities experience violence, and these children are at twice the risk of being subjected to violence compared to children without disabilities. This alarming disparity underscores the crucial role of educators. Teachers, given their professional roles with special needs students, are uniquely positioned to provide essential sexual education and protective guidance in schools. To explore the challenge faced by teachers in special schools in teaching the prevention of sexual abuse among children with special needs. The methodology used included a qualitative method with a phenomenology approach using in-depth interviews with 11 teachers in special schools and analysis of data was done using qualitative thematic analysis. Four themes emerged summarizing such as type of disabilities, teacher’s competence, environment, and implementation of health reproduction in school. Most teachers revealed that the challenge in teaching sexual abuse prevention is a limitation in a student's ability to learn, teacher’s limited knowledge in handling the students, neglectful parenting, lack of training for teachers, and non-inclusive health reproduction programs. This study showed that the experience of special school teachers in preventing sexual abuse is considered to have been done well but not maximized due to the challenges felt by teachers. Programs should encourage development of skills and knowledge of special school teachers. Sexual abuse prevention education for children with disabilities can be made a special program in special schools.

Profil Serum Serotonin dan Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor sebagai Indikator Kompleksitas Gejala Anak Autisme Usia 6-10 Tahun Solek, Purboyo; Gamayani, Uni; Rusmil, Kusnandi; Afriandi, Irvan; Prasetya, Taufan; Rizqiamuti, Anggia Farrah; Nurfitri, Eka; -, Burhan; Sahril, Indra; Gunawan, Kevin
Sari Pediatri Vol 27, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Badan Penerbit Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia (BP-IDAI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/sp27.2.2025.96-101

Latar belakang. Gangguan spektrum autisme (GSA) adalah gangguan neurodevelopmental kompleks yang melibatkan faktor neurobiologis seperti serotonin dan brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).Tujuan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kadar serotonin dan BDNF serum pada anak dengan autisme serta menilai potensinya sebagai biomarker diagnostik.Metode. Penelitian potong lintang melibatkan 51 anak autisme usia 6-10 tahun di Melinda dan Indigrow Child Development Center. Kadar serum serotonin dan BDNF dianalisis dengan metode ELISA dan dinilai berdasarkan tingkat kompleksitas gejala menggunakan Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). Uji T-test independent digunakan untuk menganalisis perbedaan kedua biomarker berdasarkan tingkat kompleksitas gejala. Kadar serotonin dan BDNF dianalisis lebih lanjut menggunakan ROC.Hasil. Rerata kadar serotonin adalah 339,86 ng/ml, dengan perbedaan signifikan antara autisme ringan-sedang (398,82 ng/ml) dan berat (325,48 ng/ml) (p<0,05). Rerata kadar BDNF adalah 41,77 ng/ml, cenderung lebih tinggi pada autisme berat (42,92 ng/ml) dibandingkan autisme ringan-sedang (37,05 ng/ml), namun tidak signifikan (p>0,05). Analisis ROC menunjukkan nilai diagnostik suboptimal untuk kedua biomarker. Kesimpulan. Meskipun terdapat perbedaan kadar serotonin dan BDNF serum berdasarkan tingkat kompleksitas gejala anak autisme, namun penggunaannya sebagai biomarker diagnostik masih terbatas dan memerlukan penelitian lebih lanjut.

Pengaruh Stimulasi Bermain Ibu terhadap Kadar Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor dan Perkembangan Psikososial pada Anak Usia 12-18 Bulan Soedjatmiko, Soedjatmiko; Gatot, Djajadiman; Rusmil, Kusnandi; Bardosono, Saptawati; Padmonodewo, Suminarti; Gutama, Gutama; Sitorus, Rita; Dwirestuti, Ratna
Sari Pediatri Vol 27, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Badan Penerbit Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia (BP-IDAI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/sp27.2.2025.118-25

Latar belakang. Penelitian pada tikus dan orang dewasa menunjukkan bahwa stimulasi lingkungan dapat meningkatkan kadar BDNF di hipokampus, korteks, dan amigdala, yang berperan penting dalam proses pembelajaran dan memori. Namun, belum ada publikasi mengenai pengaruh stimulasi pada anak-anak.Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan pengaruh stimulasi bermain yang berupa rangsangan visual, auditori, dan emosional oleh ibu terhadap kadar BDNF darah tepi, serta perkembangan kognitif, bahasa, emosi-sosial, dan memori anak.Metode. Sebanyak 80 anak berusia 12–18 bulan yang sehat (divalidasi melalui pemeriksaan fisik, laboratorium, dan psikologis) terlibat dalam penelitian ini. Subjek dibagi secara acak menjadi dua kelompok: kelompok stimulasi (n=40) dan kelompok kontrol (n=40). Stimulasi dilakukan oleh ibu setelah dilatih selama 2 jam oleh tim peneliti, dengan menunjukkan dan membacakan 5 kata, diakhiri dengan pujian dan pelukan; dilakukan tiga kali sehari, empat hari dalam seminggu, selama 8 minggu. Kata-kata diganti bertahap setiap harinya hingga mencapai total 60 kata. Kelompok kontrol tidak menerima stimulasi.Hasil. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna dalam kadar BDNF 24,6% lebih tinggi pada kelompok stimulasi, p<0,01), serta dalam perkembangan bahasa reseptif, emosi-sosial, dan memori anak (p<0,05). Namun, tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada skala kognitif dan bahasa ekspresif (p>0,05).Kesimpulan. Metode stimulasi yang dilakukan tiga kali sehari selama 8 minggu terbukti bermanfaat untuk meningkatkan kadar BDNF serta perkembangan bahasa reseptif, emosi-sosial, dan memori anak usia 12–18 bulan.

Autism Spectrum Disorder: a Two-center Evaluation of Pharmacological Intervention and Behavioral Therapies on Core Symptoms Solek, Purboyo; Gamayani, Uni; Rusmil, Kusnandi; Afriandi, Irvan; Prasetya, Taufan; Rizqiamuti, Anggia Farrah; Nurfitri, Eka; Burhan, Burhan; Sahril, Indra; Gunawan, Kevin
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol 12, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by chronic deficits in social communication and interaction, with sensory processing abnormalities affecting over 90% of individuals across different sensory areas. This study investigated the combined effects of aripiprazole and behavioral therapy (BT) on core symptoms of ASD in children aged 6–10. Utilizing the considerable neuroplasticity still present at this age, we hypothesized that this combined approach might yield superior outcomes compared to BT alone. The 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted from February 2023 to January 2024 at two sites of Child Development Centers in Bandung city, involving 51 participants (22 intervention, 29 placebo). The intervention group received aripiprazole and BT, while the placebo group received saccharum lactis and BT. Both groups underwent BT comprising applied behavioral analysis (ABA) and discrete trial training (DTT). The Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) assessed treatment effects. The independent 2-sample t-tests and Mann-Whitney tests showed no significant differences in overall CARS scores between groups. However, the analysis revealed significant improvements in three subcategories: VII (visual response, p=0.021), IX (taste-smell-touch response, p=0.035), and X (fear or nervousness, p=0.043). These findings suggest that the combined approach may enhance sensory processing and emotional regulation in children with ASD. The study highlights the potential benefits of a multimodal approach to ASD treatment, combining targeted pharmacological intervention with behavioral therapies. However, limitations such as study duration and sample size warrant further research to optimize treatment strategies for individuals across the autism spectrum. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29313/gmhc.v12i3.14460

Jadwal Imunisasi Anak Usia 0-18 Tahun Rekomendasi Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia Tahun 2024 Kaswandani, Nastiti; Gunardi, Hartono; Prayitno, Ari; Kartasasmita, Cissy B.; Prasetyo, Dwi; Husada, Dominicus; Sarosa, Gatot Irawan; Oswari, Hanifah; Ismoedijanto, Ismoedijanto; Rusmil, Kusnandi; Maddepunggeng, Martira; Sitaresmi, Mei Neni; Raihan, Raihan; Handryastuti, Setyo; Soedjatmiko, Soedjatmiko; Hadinegoro, Sri Rezeki S.; Munasir, Zakiudin
Sari Pediatri Vol 26, No 5 (2025)
Publisher : Badan Penerbit Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia (BP-IDAI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/sp26.5.2025.328-36

Satuan Tugas Imunisasi Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia secara periodik melakukan kaji ulang jadwal imunisasi dengan menyelaraskan dengan buku pedoman imunisasi di Indonesia edisi ke 7 tahun 2024, dan sumber-sumber lainnya. Jadwal imunisasi selalu dievaluasi ulang karena beredarnya vaksin baru yang telah disetujui oleh BPOM dan vaksin yang tidak tersedia lagi di Indonesia. Terdapat beberapa perubahan dalam jadwal imunisasi rekomendasi IDAI tahun 2024 yaitu ketersediaan jenis vaksin, seperti pada pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV), vaksin rotavirus, vaksin varisela, vaksin dengue, dan vaksin human papillomavirus (HPV). Agar dalam pelaksanaan lebih mudah, disertakan juga tabel jadwal imunisasi tahun 2024 di akhir.

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