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Hylocereus polyrhizus effect on catalase and malondialdehyde in rats with oxidative stress SRI WAHDANINGSIH; EKA KARTIKA UNTARI
Jurnal Natural Volume 21 Number 3, October 2021
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v21i3.19474

The excessive production of free radicals causes oxidative damage and degenerative diseases. Whereas, catalase is a macromolecule with a specific activity, but Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a small molecule with no activity. The peels of red dragon fruit (H. polyrhizus) are potential to be natural exogenous antioxidants. This research aimed to determine the effects of methanol fraction from H. polyrhizus peels on catalase activity and MDA level. The peel was macerated using chloroform and fractionated using methanol. The stress condition was done through five-day fasting and ten-minute swimming per day. The activity of catalase and MDA was measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Thirty five rats were divided into 7 groups: normal, negative, dose I (5 mg/200gBW), dose II (10 mg/200gBW), dose III (20 mg/200gBW), positive control (quercetin) (4 mg/200gBW) and vitamin E (17.64 mg/kg). The activity of catalase in the normal, negative, vitamin E, and quercetin, dose I, II, and II respectively were: 28.37; 7.8; 24.85; 34.33; 59.92; 28.18; and 70.85 Unit/mL. The average MDA level in the groups respectively were: 0.042; 0.051; 0.034; 0.042; 0.037; 0.033; 0.030 μg/mL. The result of One Way ANOVA test showed that the catalase activity in dose III was significantly different than normal group; the MDA levels in all groups were significantly different than normal group. This research revealed that methanol fraction from H. polyrhizus peels is a potent antioxidant for its capacity to increase the activity of catalase and reduce the MDA level in rats with oxidative stress.

The Economic Evaluation of Rare Disease Medicines Skarayadi, Oskar; Untari, Eka Kartika; Octaviani, Peppy; Larasati, Niken
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 19, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v19i3.41661

Economic evaluation of rare diseases and orphan drugs has gained prominence among scientists, managers, and the general public. This challenging problem requires evaluation and analysis from a variety of perspectives. Economic assessment of technologies can support decision-making and resource allocation. The research objective describes and discusses several important issues when addressing economic evaluation in rare diseases and orphan drugs. The method used in this article review is to search the Pubmed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect databases using specific keywords for research articles published in English between 2016 and 2021. We found 537 studies that economically evaluated the cost of treating rare diseases. The selected studies met the eligibility criteria that had been established. To assess the quality of the selected papers, we used a 10-point checklist derived from Drummond's criteria for economic evaluation. Seven papers were reviewed from the initial 20 articles that met the eligibility criteria, and 537 records were initially found across the three databases. The quality of the selected papers ranged from 70% to 100% in meeting Drummond's 10-point checklist. The conclusion of this research is to consistently and continuously identify cost-effective and cost-saving solutions that may help achieve good clinical outcomes and reduce the burden of disease. Future research should focus on the clinical implementation of interventions along with accompanying economic evaluations.

Telaah Kualitas Hidup Pasien Penyakit Kronik di Kalimantan Barat Untari, Eka Kartika; Yuswar, Muhammad Akib; Rizkifani, Shoma
Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Komunitas Vol 9, No 2 : Agustus 2024
Publisher : Master of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jekk.v9i2.12295

Background: The long duration of chronic disease affecting the patient’s quality of life. Every disease including chronic disease has a different duration and prognosis. The instrument that being used in measuring the quality of life can be very important factor. Quality of life assessment has a benefit by evaluate the treatment of patients with chronic disease, moreover the good quality of life will also increase the patient's life expectancy. The purpose of this article are to describe and identify instruments that being used to measure quality of life patients with chronic disease in West Kalimantan.Methods: This study conduct to review the original research articles with the keywords "quality of life", "chronic disease", and "West Kalimantan". Twenty three research articles were obtained in Google Scholar and met the inclusion criteria. The generic instruments such as WHOQOL-BREF and EQ5D are the most widely used to measure the patient’s quality of life.Result: The distribution of chronic diseases that have been assessed were hypertension, chronic renal failure, diabetes mellitus, COPD, pulmonary tuberculosis, asthma, myocardial infarction, stroke, CHD, osteoarthritis, HIV / AIDS, and psoriasis. The disease with the most impact on quality of life is hypertension (6 of 23 articles). There were 53.07% patients has a good quality of life; 15.97% patients has a moderate quality of life; and 30.96% patients has a bad quality of life.Conclusion : Most of the hypertensive patients has a good quality of life compared to other disease groups. Health interventions were needed to improve the quality of life for patients with chronic diseases.

Insurance, Policy, Knowledge Level and Epidemiology As Factors Affecting Demand And Supply of Pharmaceutical Product Cahaya, Noor; Pramestutie, Hananditia Rachma; Hati, Anita Kumala; Untari, Eka Kartika; Utami, Pinasti
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.pji.2022.007.02.2

Fulfillment of drug availability is always a challenge from year to year and is determined by supply and demand issues for pharmaceutical drugs. Good management of drugs and pharmaceutical supplies is important in health services. This is related to the quality of health services and the efficiency and effectiveness of the budget. This review study aims to examine the factors that influence drug supply and demand simultaneously with a different perspective from other studies, namely, the focus is to simultaneously discuss the effects of health insurance financing schemes, registration regulations for pharmaceutical products and imports of pharmaceutical products, the level of pharmacist knowledge, changes in disease patterns, disasters, and wars on drug supply and demand. The research design that was used in this study is a narrative review. The data sources that were used are PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria in this study are all research related to the demand for pharmaceutical supplies and drugsthat will be reviewed in the study, either in the form of original research, reviews, or reports. The results obtained articles consisting of 8 articles related to health insurance financing, 6 articles related to registration regulation of pharmaceutical products and import of pharmaceutical products, 5 articles related to pharmacist knowledge level, 3 articles related to changes in disease patterns, and 3 articles related to disasters and wars. Based on the 25 articles that were used as data in this study, it was found that the factors that influence the supply and demand of pharmaceutical supplies are health insurance financing, regulation of registration drug processes and imports of pharmaceutical products, level of knowledge of pharmacists as pharmaceutical service providers, changes in disease patterns, disasters, politics, and war.

Hypoglycemia in Geriatric Patients with Diabetes: A Review Untari, Eka Kartika; Yuswar, Muhammad Akib
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.pji.2024.009.02.3

Background: The prevalence of diabetes tends to be high, 42% of geriatric patients admitted havea diabetes diagnosis, and 33% of these patients experience hypoglycemia. Hospitalization isnecessary for diabetic elderly individuals because their blood glucose levels make themmore vulnerable to other complications. The incidence of hypoglycemia in geriatric patients maybe caused by a variety of factors, including polypharmacy, pharmacokinetic andpharmacodynamic changes, hormonal regulation disorders, food and water intake disturbances,decreased intestinal absorption, and cognitive disorders, as well as other organ disorders that causedisruption of the ability to metabolize antihyperglycemia.Methods: This review will go over how frequently geriatricians, especially those withdiabetes, develop hypoglycemia as a result of using anti-diabetics or other medications thatlead to drop blood sugar.Results: Sulfonylurea and insulin groups are the most frequent causes of hypoglycemia indiabetic older people, according to the articles we analyzed. The significance of specific carefor the elderly population in order to lessen the effects of hypoglycemia.Conclusions: For geriatric individuals with DM, routine blood glucose monitoring is advisedto prevent diabetic complications.

Insurance, Policy, Knowledge Level and Epidemiology As Factors Affecting Demand And Supply of Pharmaceutical Product Cahaya, Noor; Pramestutie, Hananditia Rachma; Hati, Anita Kumala; Untari, Eka Kartika; Utami, Pinasti
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.pji.2022.007.02.2

Fulfillment of drug availability is always a challenge from year to year and is determined by supply and demand issues for pharmaceutical drugs. Good management of drugs and pharmaceutical supplies is important in health services. This is related to the quality of health services and the efficiency and effectiveness of the budget. This review study aims to examine the factors that influence drug supply and demand simultaneously with a different perspective from other studies, namely, the focus is to simultaneously discuss the effects of health insurance financing schemes, registration regulations for pharmaceutical products and imports of pharmaceutical products, the level of pharmacist knowledge, changes in disease patterns, disasters, and wars on drug supply and demand. The research design that was used in this study is a narrative review. The data sources that were used are PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria in this study are all research related to the demand for pharmaceutical supplies and drugsthat will be reviewed in the study, either in the form of original research, reviews, or reports. The results obtained articles consisting of 8 articles related to health insurance financing, 6 articles related to registration regulation of pharmaceutical products and import of pharmaceutical products, 5 articles related to pharmacist knowledge level, 3 articles related to changes in disease patterns, and 3 articles related to disasters and wars. Based on the 25 articles that were used as data in this study, it was found that the factors that influence the supply and demand of pharmaceutical supplies are health insurance financing, regulation of registration drug processes and imports of pharmaceutical products, level of knowledge of pharmacists as pharmaceutical service providers, changes in disease patterns, disasters, politics, and war.

Hypoglycemia in Geriatric Patients with Diabetes: A Review Untari, Eka Kartika; Yuswar, Muhammad Akib
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.pji.2024.009.02.3

Background: The prevalence of diabetes tends to be high, 42% of geriatric patients admitted havea diabetes diagnosis, and 33% of these patients experience hypoglycemia. Hospitalization isnecessary for diabetic elderly individuals because their blood glucose levels make themmore vulnerable to other complications. The incidence of hypoglycemia in geriatric patients maybe caused by a variety of factors, including polypharmacy, pharmacokinetic andpharmacodynamic changes, hormonal regulation disorders, food and water intake disturbances,decreased intestinal absorption, and cognitive disorders, as well as other organ disorders that causedisruption of the ability to metabolize antihyperglycemia.Methods: This review will go over how frequently geriatricians, especially those withdiabetes, develop hypoglycemia as a result of using anti-diabetics or other medications thatlead to drop blood sugar.Results: Sulfonylurea and insulin groups are the most frequent causes of hypoglycemia indiabetic older people, according to the articles we analyzed. The significance of specific carefor the elderly population in order to lessen the effects of hypoglycemia.Conclusions: For geriatric individuals with DM, routine blood glucose monitoring is advisedto prevent diabetic complications.

Clinical Trial of Bawang Dayak Leaves Capsules (Eleutherine americana) in Active Smokers Wahdaningsih, Sri; Untari, Eka Kartika; Rizkifani, Shoma
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 29, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.86496

Smoking is an unhealthy behavior, particularly for the respiratory system's health due to the free radicals found in cigarette smoke. Eleutherine americana or Bawang Dayak has antioxidant properties which can neutralize the harmful free radicals penetrating the body. Additionally, malondialdehyde (MDA) is one of the stress oxidative biomarkers often applied to identify reactive stress. This study was conducted to determine the effect of Malondialdehyde on active smokers who consumed Bawang Dayak Leaves capsules. This study was a pre and post-test design involving 30 smokers who met the inclusion. The participants consumed 1 capsule containing 400 mg Bawang Dayak leaves extract for 7 days. The subject's blood was taken before and after the consumption of the capsules for MDA examination. The results of this study were that the MDA level between before and after Bawang Dayak capsules consumed statistically significant. Moreover, MDA pre and post-test level respectively were 12.074 nmol/ml and 11.869 nmol/ml. The usage of Bawang Dayak leaves capsules for a week can reduce MDA levels and likely has an antioxidant potential for active smokers.

Profil Peresepan Obat Batuk pada Pasien Anak di Apotek di Kota Pontianak Wahdaningsih, Sri; Untari, Eka Kartika; Liberti, Oktaviona Winda
Jurnal Pharmascience Vol 11, No 1 (2024): Jurnal Pharmascience
Publisher : Program Studi Farmasi FMIPA Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jps.v11i1.11836

Anak-anak adalah kelompok umur yang sering menderita batuk. Batuk dapat diatasi dengan obat batuk yang diperoleh melalui peresepan oleh dokter. Profil peresepan obat batuk bertujuan sebagai langkah awal mengetahui pola pengobatan batuk pada anak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui profil peresepan obat batuk yang diberikan kepada anak di tiga Apotek Kota Pontianak pada periode Januari-Desember 2020 yang meliputi kelompok umur, golongan obat, bentuk sediaan, kekuatan sediaan, dan aturan pakai. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif observasional dengan menggunakan teknik total sampling, sehingga diperoleh 160 lembar resep. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa golongan obat batuk yang diresepkan adalah mukolitik sebesar 53,75% (86 lembar), ekspektoran 42,5% (68 lembar), dan antitusif 15% (24 lembar). Bentuk sediaan yang diresepkan adalah puyer sebesar 59,38%, sirup 23,75%, drop 6,25%, tablet 5%, kapsul 1,25%, dan campuran (lebih dari 1 sediaan) 4,38%. Aturan pakai yang dicantumkan pada resep adalah tiga kali sehari sebesar 73,12%, dua kali sehari 16,25%, dan empat kali sehari sebesar 5,652% dengan lama terapi terbanyak adalah 5 hari. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa golongan mukolitik yang terbanyak diresepkan sehingga menggambarkan batuk produktif adalah gangguan pernafasan yang paling banyak dialami oleh anak, serta sediaan puyer adalah salah satu jenis sediaan yang ditujukan pada kelompok usia anak. Kata kunci: Batuk, Anak-anak, Peresepan, Resep, Apotek Children are the age group who often suffer from cough. The cough can be overcome with anti-cough which was obtained through a prescription by a doctor. The anti-cough prescribing profile is purposed as an initial step to establish the therapy of cough among children. This study aims to obtain the profile of anti-cough in children’s prescriptions at 3 pharmacies in Pontianak from January-December 2020 which includes patient age group, drug class, dosage form, dosage strength, and drug use rules. This study is a descriptive-observational study using a total sampling technique with the result that 160 prescribes were collected. The results show that the mucolytic agents were the most prescribed for 52,5% (86 prescriptions), expectorant for 42,5% (68 prescriptions), and antitussive for 15% (24 prescriptions). The pulveres were the most dosage form that were given to children at 59,38%, followed by syrup, drop, tablet, capsule, and more than one dosage form was given respectively 23,75%, 6,25%, 5%, 1,25%, and 4,38%. The usage rule written in the prescription are three times a day at 73,12%, twice a day at 16,25%, and four times a day at 5,625% with the longest duration of therapy is 5 days. Based on the results, it can be concluded that mucolytics were the most prescribed to children in order to manage the productive cough that can be assumed it was the most experienced respiratory disorder symptom by children. In addition, pulveres was one of the appropriate dosage form addressed to children.

Perbandingan Statin Terhadap Kejadian Efek Samping Terkait Myalgia: Comparison of Statins to Side Effect Events Related Myalgia Irene Mahwal; Eka Kartika Untari; Nurmainah Nurmainah
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 4 No. 2 (2022): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v4i2.906

Statin adalah golongan hiperlipidemia yang paling umum dilaporkan terkait kejadian myalgia dengan dosis 10-80 mg/hari. Kejadian myalgia yang diinduksi statin menjadi perhatian bagi peneliti, mengingat jumlah pasien hiperkolesterolemia yang menggunakan terapi statin cukup tinggi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui golongan statin yang berpotensi menyebebkan kejadian myalgia serta untuk mengetahui tingkat keparahan myalgia akibat penggunaan statin, sehingga dapat meningkatkan kewaspadaan masyarakat dalam mengatasi kejadian efek samping akibat penggunaan statin. Metode penelitian menggunakan desain observasional analitik cross-sectional, dengan instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner FIQR dalam bentuk google form. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kasus myalgia paling banyak ditemui pada responden yang berusia 36-45 tahun (26,08 %), dan kejadian paling sedikit terjadi pada pasien > 65 tahun (8,69 %). Hasil data distribusi jenis kelamin, perempuan memiliki prevalensi sebesar 56,52 % dan laki-laki sebesar 43,47 %. Golongan statin yang digunakan oleh responden penelitian adalah simvastatin dengan presentase sebesar 58,69 %, sedangkan responden yang menggunakan atorvastatin dengan presentase 41,30 %. Kejadian myalgia yang dialami oleh responden memiliki tingkat keparahan ringan dengan proporsi sebanyak 43 orang, hingga sedang dengan proporsi 3 orang. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah golongan statin yang berpotensi menyebabkan kejadian myalgia yaitu, simvastatin dan atorvastatin, dengan tingkat keparahan myalgia yaitu ringan hingga sedang.

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