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Problems of Criminal Law Evidence in Murder and Sexual Violence Cases (Case Study of Vina Cirebon Murder) Kinanti Puput Septiana; Harefa, Beniharmoni
Jurnal Mahkamah : Kajian Ilmu Hukum dan Hukum Islam Vol. 9 No. 2 December (2024)
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Ma'arif NU (IAIMNU) Metro Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25217/jm.v9i2.5135

Abstract

The issue of evidence in the case of murder and sexual violence against Vina in Cirebon has become an obstacle in the case resolution process. This issue can lead to errors in identity or wrongful arrests, creating legal uncertainty and reducing public trust in the justice system, thereby hindering the effective enforcement of justice. The purpose of this research is to understand the evidentiary process in law enforcement regarding the perpetrators of murder and sexual violence in this case, and to examine the responsibility of law enforcement for errors in identity caused by evidentiary problems. The research method used is normative juridical, analyzing legal sources such as laws, court decisions, legal theories, and expert opinions. The findings show that there were evidentiary issues in this case, including witness testimony, the defendant's testimony, results from the visum et repertum, and exhumation. Furthermore, the responsibility of law enforcement for errors in identity can be linked to Articles 95-97 of Law No. 8 of 1981 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code. The police, as law enforcement officers, can also be subject to sanctions under Article 7 paragraph (1) letter c of the National Police Chief Regulation No. 14 of 2011 concerning the Code of Ethics for the Indonesian National Police and Article 7 of Government Regulation No. 2 of 2003 concerning the Disciplinary Regulations for Members of the Indonesian National Police. Errors in identity in this case highlight the importance of thoroughness in the evidentiary process to ensure that justice is properly served.
Revitalization of Indonesian criminal law through the acknowledgment of living law: An investigation of the Sigajang Laleng Lipa’ customary law Harefa, Beniharmoni; Fernando, Zico Junius; Maharani, Asari Suci; Anditya, Ariesta Wibisono; Humana, Sri
Jurnal Hukum Novelty Vol. 15 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/jhn.v15i2.28234

Abstract

Introduction to the Problem: The research article examines the Sigajang Laleng Lipa’ tradition in South Sulawesi’s Bugis community as a "living law" under Indonesia's new criminal code, specifically Article 2. The tradition’s violent nature, often leading to fatal outcomes, may conflict with principles in the updated code. Purpose/Study Objectives: The primary objective of this study is to conduct an analysis of criminal law regulations in Indonesia regarding the Sigajang Laleng Lipa’ tradition and assess its alignment with Article 2 of the new Indonesian Criminal Code. The study aims to understand whether this traditional conflict resolution mechanism meets the legal standards set out in the new code, especially concerning the concept of living law. Design/Methodology/Approach: This research employs a normative juridical method with a statutory and conceptual approach to legal recognition in Indonesian criminal law. Secondary data, gathered through literature sources like books and journals, facilitates an in-depth examination of the Sigajang Laleng Lipa’ tradition and the Indonesian criminal code. The doctrine of proportionality guides this study, emphasizing that punishment should match the crime to ensure justice and prevent excessive penalties. Findings: The findings reveal that the Sigajang Laleng Lipa’ tradition, despite its historical and cultural significance in the Bugis community, involves violent practices that have led to fatal consequences. Moreover, it is observed that this tradition does not fulfil the criteria set forth in Article 2, Paragraph (2) of the new Criminal Code. This mismatch highlights a significant challenge in incorporating living law traditions into the modern legal framework of Indonesia. Due to its inconsistency with philosophical, juridical, and sociological principles, the tradition cannot be sustained. Consequently, its use as a punitive measure is unjustifiable, as it does not effectively achieve criminal justice objectives and provides minimal social benefit, lacking contribution to crime prevention efforts. Paper Type: Research Article
Pretrial Proceedings in Indonesian Criminal Procedure Law: Its Relation to Corruption Eradication Adiatma Nugroho; Beniharmoni Harefa; Handar Subhandi Bakhtiar
International Journal of Social Science and Humanity Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): June : International Journal of Social Science and Humanity
Publisher : Asosiasi Penelitian dan Pengajar Ilmu Sosial Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62951/ijss.v2i2.375

Abstract

Pretrial proceedings play a strategic role in Indonesia's criminal justice system as a judicial oversight mechanism to ensure the legality of law enforcement actions and the protection of suspects’ human rights. In corruption cases, however, pretrial motions are often exploited as procedural loopholes to invalidate ongoing investigations due to the absence of rigid legal standards and inconsistent interpretations by judges sometimes extending into the merits of the case, which should fall outside the scope of pretrial jurisdiction. This study examines the ideal concept of pretrial review using a normative juridical approach, emphasizing the due process of law principle, the primacy of lex specialis under Article 26A of the Anti-Corruption Law, and its harmonization with the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP). The research concludes that pretrial mechanisms should function solely as limited judicial review, restricted to evaluating procedural legality. Additionally, the study highlights the significance of establishing Preliminary Examination Judges (Hakim Pemeriksa Pendahuluan) as proposed in the Draft Criminal Procedure Code. These judges would proactively supervise investigative actions, ensuring procedural compliance and minimizing the misuse of pretrial remedies by corruption suspects. Strengthening normative frameworks and judicial guidelines is thus essential to foster coherent, fair rulings and support the integrity and effectiveness of anti-corruption law enforcement.
Application of Customary Law in the Indonesian Criminal Law Framework after the Enactment of Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code Riyanto, Riyanto; Waluyo, Bambang; Harefa, Beniharmoni
Journal of Progressive Law and Legal Studies Том 3 № 02 (2025): Journal of Progressive Law and Legal Studies
Publisher : PT. Riset Press International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59653/jplls.v3i02.1540

Abstract

Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code (New Criminal Code) was finally passed as a substitute for the old Criminal Code or Law Number 1 of 1946 concerning Criminal Law Regulations; in the new Criminal Code, several articles have received pros and cons in the community, one of which is related to the inclusion of articles on laws that live in society (Customary Law). The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze carefully the role of customary Law in the specifics of criminal Law after its inclusion in the new Criminal Code so that we can find out about its position as a law that was once known as unwritten Law into written Law. The legal research method used is normative juridical legal research, which is conducted on library materials using the statute, conceptual, case, and historical approaches. The results of the research that the author has obtained that the Law that lives in the community (Customary Law) in the specific criminal Law in the new Criminal Code will be made a Government Regulation (PP) as the implementation of the regulation so that it can be used as a guideline for the Regional Government in making Regional Regulations (PERDA) on the Law that lives in the community (Customary Law) and researchers also provide the concept of applying the Law that lives in the community (Customary Law) with the approach of the principle of restorative justice for law enforcement officials in carrying out their duties as representatives of the state related to the process of enforcing customary criminal Law.
Protecting the Religious Belief: A Study on the Blasphemy Laws Across Jurisdictions and Religions Ali, Mahrus; Al-Fahad, Hamad Faisal; Prabowo, M Shidqon; Wibawa, I Putu Sastra; Harefa, Beniharmoni; Sanjaya, Aditya Wiguna
Contemporary Issues on Interfaith Law and Society Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Intersections of Religious Diversity, Legal Frameworks, and Human Rights
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ciils.v4i1.25521

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to examines legal and religious dimensions of blasphemy in the provisions of Penal Code of Indonesia, Kuwaiti law correspond to the established principles of Islamic, Christianity, and Hinduism. This is through employing a critical and comparative approach, the study compares the foundational of Penal Code of Indonesia and the Kuwaiti legislation as well as Islamic Sharia, Christianity and Hinduism, identifying areas of overlap in criminalizing offenses against religious belief. The paper found that the Penal Code of Indonesia criminalizes incitement or coercion aimed at making others abandon their religion or belief through violence or threats, while Kuwaiti law largely reflects the Sharia based prohibition of conduct deemed offensive to sacred values. The underlying philosophies behind the criminalization of blasphemy in Islamic Sharia, Penal Code Kuwaiti law, may differ in their foundational justifications, they join on a shared notion, to protect religious thoughts and prevent the incitement of discord and hatred under freedom of expression. From the Christianity perspective, Christians are taught not only to forgive, pray for, and bless the offender, but also, if needed, to pursue legal avenues as provided by national laws. Hinduism places greater importance on maintaining fraternal relationships among humans being than on defending the honour of the religion or its deities. If an act is deemed blasphemous according to the law of the state, the recommended course of action in Hinduism is to restore spiritual balance through a ritual of atonement known as Prayascitta.
Optimizing The Implementation Of Cyber Patrol Against The Spread Of Child Sexual Exploitation Pornography Fibriana, Ainur; Harefa, Beniharmoni
PALAR (Pakuan Law review) Vol 11, No 2 (2025): Volume 11, Nomor 2 April-June 2025
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PAKUAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/palar.v11i2.12068

Abstract

AbstractTechnological advancement has led to unintended consequences, including cybercrime. One of the most pressing threats is online pornography, which poses serious harm—especially to children as a vulnerable group. In response, child protection efforts must be strengthened by all stakeholders to uphold the best interests of the child. This study examines the role of cyber patrols in combating the spread of child pornography and analyzes ways to enhance their implementation. Using a normative legal method with statutory and conceptual approaches, the research finds that cyber patrols play a vital role in ensuring children’s right to safety in the digital environment. However, in practice, several challenges hinder their effectiveness. These include limited human resources with technical expertise and weak inter-agency coordination, both of which reduce the efficiency of monitoring and removing harmful content. Strengthening collaboration and capacity is essential for optimizing cyber patrols in protecting children online. Keywords : Cyber Patrol; Child Pornography; Optimalitation
Pengaturan Tindak Pidana Bagi Pelaku Penipuan Phisning Berbasis Web Muhammad, Faiz Emery; Harefa, Beniharmoni
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 6 No. 1 (2023): APRIL
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v6i1.6649

Abstract

This study aims to analyze legal arrangements related to vague phishing in order to answer legal problems, namely whether it is in accordance with the elements of justice which is a legal ideal. The research discusses that the current criminal law rules need to be changed to pay attention to all parties (victims and the community) to be restored to their situation based on the ITE Law. This research method is a normative juridical using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The study yielded 2 points: first; That the current criminal law is still oriented towards the old penal system in accordance with the theory of criminal retaliation which is aimed at the punishment of the perpetrator and the rights of the victim are ignored. Second; There is no criminal arrangement regarding compensation that concretely regulates the crime of phishing. The novelty in this study is that it complements studies conducted in previous studies that only provide imprisonment for perpetrators as a form of compensation from the perpetrator and there is no personal responsibility from the perpetrator to return material losses suffered by the victim.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaturan hukum terkait dengan phising yang kabur agar dapat menjawab permasalahan hukum yaitu apakah sudah sesuai dengan unsur keadilan yang merupakan suatu cita-cita hukum. Penelitian membahas bahwa aturan hukum pidana saat ini perlu diadakan perubahan agar memperhatikan semua pihak (korban dan masyarakat) untuk dapat dikembalikan keadaannya berdasarkan UU ITE. Metode penelitian ini merupakan yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Penelitian ini menghasilkan 2 poin: pertama; bahwa aturan hukum pidana saat ini masih berorientasi pada sistem pemidanaan lama sesuai dengan teori pembalasan pidana yang tertuju kepada hukuman pelaku tersebut dan hak atas korban terabaikan. Kedua; tidak ada pengaturan pidana mengenai ganti rugi yang mengatur secara konkret tindak pidana phising tersebut. Kebaharuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu melengkapi studi yang dilakukan pada penelitian sebelumnya yang hanya memberikan pidana penjara terhadap pelaku sebagai bentuk hukuman ganti kerugian dari si pelaku dan tidak ada pertanggungjawaban pribadi dari pelaku untuk mengembalikan kerugian secara materiil yang dialami oleh korban.  
Penegakan Hukum Pidana Terhadap Anak Pelaku Kejahatan Klitih Azzizah, Khoerina; Harefa, Beniharmoni
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): AUGUST
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v6i2.6990

Abstract

This research aims to examine the urgency of providing diversion in criminal law enforcement against juvenile perpetrators of klitih crimes. Klitih, which leads to violence or even murder, can involve a child in legal processes. Involving a child in the criminal justice system can neglect the child's rights in terms of their physical, mental, and social well-being. Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System was established to achieve restorative justice and protect the interests of children. The provision of diversion for juvenile offenders is a form of restorative justice. The effective implementation of diversion relies not only on law enforcement agencies but also on the responsibility of parents in supervising and guiding their children who have been involved in criminal activities. The research method used in this study is normative juridical with a legislative approach, supported by comparative approaches and primary, secondary, and tertiary legal sources. The results of this research indicate that the provision of diversion with the return of the child to their parents needs to be emphasized in terms of accountability to prevent tolerance and recurrence of crimes.Penelitian ini mengkaji mengenai urgensi pemberian diversi dalam penegakan hukum pidana terhadap anak pelaku kejahatan klitih. Klitih yang menyebabkan kekerasan atau bahkan pembunuhan bisa menyebabkan seorang anak terlibat proses hukum. Melibatkan anak dalam sistem peradilan pidana dapat mengabaikan hak-hak anak baik dari fisik, mental, maupun sosialnya. Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012 tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak dibentuk untuk mewujudkan keadilan restoratif untuk melindungi kepentingan anak. Adanya pemberian diversi bagi anak pelaku kejahatan merupakan bentuk dari keadilan restoratif. Pemberlakuan diversi yang efektif tidak hanya mengandalkan aparat penegak hukum saja, namun faktor utama dari keberhasilan pemberian diversi bagi anak pelaku tindak kejahatan klitih adalah pertanggungjawaban dari orang tua terhadap pengawasan, pembinaan, dan pola asuh kepada anak-anaknya yang pernah terlibat kejahatan pidana. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan komparatif yang didukung bahan hukum primer, sekunder, tersier. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini yang menunjukan bahwa pemberian diversi dengan pengembalian anak kepada orang tua perlu ditegaskan kembali pertanggungjawabannya agar tidak terjadi pembiaran dan pengulangan kejahatan.      
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Anak Pelaku Turut Serta Tindak Pidana Penganiayaan Larasati, Raden Roro Permata Dewi; Harefa, Beniharmoni
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): AUGUST
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v6i2.7045

Abstract

This study is conducted with the purpose to find out the legal protection of child perpetrators who participate in the criminal persecution and the determination of the role of participation in the criminal persecution by AG (case study of persecution by child of employee in Directorate General of Taxes). This study is based on the legal protection of child in conflict with the law that is not well implemented. This study uses a juridicial normative legal method. The novelty in this study is to explain the legal protection of child as a participant in the criminal persecution. The findings produced in this study are that the SPPA Law regulates the legal protection of child, namely in Article 3, Article 79 paragraph (2), and Article 81 paragraph (6) of the SPPA Law. Based on these regulations, child who participate in the criminal persecution can be treated specially in the procedural law, receive different criminal penalties compared to adults, and get the fulfillment of child rights. In the case of persecution by child of employee in Directorate General of Taxes, the role of AG as a child who participated in the criminal persecution was correct, but the decision decided by the Judge was not appropriate. AG should be subject to the lex specialis principle of Article 76 C jo Article 80 paragraph (2) of the Child Protection Law.  Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui perlindungan hukum terhadap anak pelaku turut serta tindak pidana penganiayaan dan penentuan peran turut serta tindak pidana penganiayaan oleh AG (studi kasus penganiayaan oleh anak pegawai Direktorat Jenderal Pajak). Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh perlindungan hukum terhadap anak berkonflik dengan hukum yang belum terimplementasi dengan baik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode hukum yuridis normatif. Kebaharuan dalam penelitian ini adalah menjelaskan mengenai perlindungan hukum terhadap anak sebagai pelaku turut serta tindak pidana penganiayaan. Temuan dalam penelitian ini adalah UU SPPA mengatur mengenai perlindungan hukum terhadap anak, yaitu pada Pasal 3, Pasal 79 ayat (2), dan Pasal 81 ayat (6) UU SPPA. Berdasarkan ketentuan tersebut, maka anak pelaku turut serta tindak pidana penganiayaan dalam menjalankan proses hukum dapat diperlakukan secara khusus pada hukum acara, menerima ancaman pidana yang berbeda apabila dibandingkan dengan orang dewasa, dan mendapatkan pemenuhan hak anak. Pada kasus penganiayaan oleh anak pegawai Direktorat Jenderal Pajak, peran AG sebagai anak pelaku turut serta tindak pidana penganiayaan sudah tepat, tetapi putusan yang diputuskan oleh Hakim dirasa kurang tepat. Seharusnya AG dapat dikenakan asas lex specialis Pasal 76 C jo Pasal 80 ayat (2) UU Perlindungan Anak.        
Perlindungan Hukum Anak Korban Eksploitasi Sebagai Publik Figur di Media Sosial Garry, Garry; Harefa, Beniharmoni
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024): APRIL
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v7i1.7850

Abstract

This research examines the protection of children as public figures on social media. Involving children in the world of work, or what is known as child labor, has several applicable provisions because employing children is only allowed to develop a child's interests and talents. Exploitation can occur if children are forced to work as public figures on social media. Law Number 17 of 2016 concerning child protection was created in order to provide protection for children from all actions that are detrimental to the child's growth and development. In addition, the role of the government through institutions related to child protection is one of the keys to reducing the number of cases of child exploitation. The research method used is normative juridical type with a statutory approach and a comparative approach supported by primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The results of this research show that there are regulations governing the prevention of child exploitation and provisions for child labor, along with the role of KPAI as a child protection institution, so that these two components should be able to suppress cases of child exploitation of public figures on social media.Penelitian ini mengkaji mengenai perlindungan anak sebagai publik figur dalam media sosial. Melibatkan anak dalam dunia kerja atau disebut dengan pekerja anak memiliki beberapa ketentuan yang berlaku karena dalam mempekerjakan anak hanya boleh dalam rangka mengembangkan minat dan bakat seorang anak. Eksploitasi dapat terjadi jika anak dipaksa untuk menjadi pekerja sebagai publik figur di media sosial. Undang-Undang Nomor 17 tahun 2016 tentang perlindungan anak telah dibuat dalam rangka memberikan perlindungan bagi anak dari segala tindakan yang merugikan tumbuh kembang anak. Di samping itu peran dari pemerintah melalui lembaga terkait perlindungan anak merupakan salah satu kunci dari penekanan angka eksploitasi anak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan komparatif yang didukung bahan-bahan hukum primer, sekunder, tersier. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa sudah ada regulasi yang mengatur mengenai pencegahan eksploitasi anak dan ketentuan bagi pekerja anak beserta peran KPAI sebagai lembaga perlindungan anak sehingga dengan dua komponen tersebut seharusnya mampu menekan kasus eksploitasi anak publik figur di media sosial.  
Co-Authors Abdul Kholib Abdul Kholiq Achmad, Nazilah Adiatma Nugroho Al-Fahad, Hamad Faisal Alfian Mahendra Alifa, Virgie Kesfian Andi Jefri Ardin Anditya, Ariesta Wibisono Annisa Carolin Ardin, Andi Jefri Aura Islami, Diajeng Dhea Annisa Ayu Astari, Sindi Azzizah, Khoerina Bambang Waluyo Bambang Waluyo Carissa Nuramallia Prihatna Christian Goklas Citraresmi Widoretno Putri Cornelius, Arilasman Fachri, Amanda Maharani Fernando, Zico Junius Fibriana, Ainur Firdha Sifana Garry, Garry Handar Subhandi Bakhtiar Handoyo Prasetyo Hartono, Teguh Humana, Sri I Putu Sastra Wibawa Indrirarosa, Martina Islami, Diajeng Dhea Annisa Aura Jeanny Anggita Fitriyani Juniawaty, Tata Adela Kinanti Alysha Putri Haryanto Kinanti Puput Septiana Laksmana Triwiraputra, Ega Larasati, Raden Roro Permata Dewi Lieni Eprencia Bunga Sitompul Maharani, Asari Suci Mahrus Ali Manurung, Karina Hasiyanni Maria Yohana Muhammad Aulia Farhan Muhammad, Faiz Emery Nafaya Ramadhani Bidari Nazli Bin Ismail Nefrisa Adlina Maaruf Novyana, Hilda NurAfni NurAfni Nurasiah, Mita Nurul Bazroh Poerwoko Hadi Sasmito Prabowo, M Shidqon Prameswari, Athalie Aisyah Putri Tamara Amardhotillah Putri, Maria Sylvia Raya Waruwu, Riki Perdana Ridwansyah, Naufal Nabiil Riyanto Riyanto Said, Fathya Sofia Salma Agustina Salma Agustina Sanjaya, Aditya Wiguna Sasmito, Poerwoko Hadi Satino Skandiva, Razananda Subakdi Suherman Supardi Supardi Supardi Suyanto, Heru Thoriq, Ahmad Reihan Tomi Gumilang, Singgih Tsabitha Afnan Putri Wahyudhi Wahdah, Azzhara Nikita Witasya Aurelia Sulaeman Yohana Damayanti Br Kaban Yuliana Yuli W Yuliana Yuli Wahyuningsih