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Block Bootstrap for Spatiotemporal Data in Generalized Space Time Autoregressive (GSTAR) Sumarminingsih, Eni; Fitriani, Rahma; Darmanto; Maulana, Eka Dani; Aulia, Natasha; Ruszardi, Luzar Dwain
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2026.11.2.701-731

Abstract

Generalized Space-Time Autoregressive is a model that can be used for data with spatial and temporal dependence. The GSTAR model is widely used in various phenomena such as rainfall, temperature, inflation, and others. GSTAR assumes normality of errors and non-autocorrelation. If the assumption of normality of errors is not met, then inference on parameters cannot be made. One solution to this problem is to use bootstrapping. However, bootstrapping for spatiotemporal data in the GSTAR model has not been developed. Therefore, this study aims to develop a bootstrapping method for spatiotemporal data in the GSTAR model. This development is done by adapting bootstrapping methods for time series data, namely, the non-overlapping block bootstrap (NBB) and the moving block bootstrap (MBB). This research continued with a series of simulations to evaluate the performance of the block bootstrap method as the number of observations, block length, and number of bootstrap replications were varied. Furthermore, the method’s effectiveness was tested using rainfall data from Malang Regency. Simulation results show that both resampling schemes satisfy the asymptotic condition, where the bias decreases monotonically with increasing sample size (T) and block length. MBB consistently produces lower bias than NBB due to its more intensive use of overlapping data, which effectively reduces boundary effects. Although inference on autoregressive parameters can be accurate, inference on spatial autoregressive parameters yields less satisfactory results, indicating the limitations of time blocks in capturing complex spatial dependencies. Increasing the number of replications above B=100 does not significantly improve the precision of the variance estimate, indicating computational efficiency at that threshold. The t-test results confirm that there is no statistically significant difference in performance between NBB and MBB. Nevertheless, MBB is more recommended for practical applications due to its higher information density and better estimation stability.
A Systematic Review Of The Integration Of 21st-Century Skills And Educational Technology For The Career Development Of Islamic Education Teachers Darmanto; Yulia Wahyuni; Muhammad Sirozi
IJGIE (International Journal of Graduate of Islamic Education) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): September
Publisher : Master of Islamic Studies Masters Program in the Postgraduate Institute of Islamic Studies Sultan Muhammad Syafiuddin Sambas, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37567/ijgie.v7i2.5182

Abstract

The integration of 21st-century skills and educational technology has become a critical issue in improving the quality of Islamic Education (PAI) and supporting teacher career development in the digital era. This study aims to analyze how the integration of the Four Cs critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, and communication and educational technology contributes to the professional growth of PAI teachers and the transformation of learning practices. This research employs a qualitative approach using a systematic literature review method, analyzing selected scholarly articles published between 2020 and 2025. Data were collected through structured searches in academic databases and analyzed using an interactive model involving data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that the integration of 21st-century skills and educational technology enhances teachers’ pedagogical competence, promotes innovative and student-centered learning, and expands professional opportunities through digital engagement and scholarly activities. However, critical reflection reveals inconsistencies in previous studies, particularly in the gap between theoretical frameworks and classroom implementation, as well as the uneven impact of technology integration due to variations in teacher readiness and institutional support. Additionally, most studies focus on short-term outcomes, leaving a gap in understanding long-term career development. This study concludes that the integration of 21st-century skills and educational technology is essential but requires comprehensive and systemic support to be effectively implemented. The research contributes by providing an integrative framework that links competencies, technology, and career development, offering both theoretical insights and practical implications for advancing PAI education in the digital era.
TRANSFORMASI NILAI ADAB DALAM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM MELAYU DI ERA DISRUPSI DIGITAL Amrillah, M. Soinun; Darmanto; Idi, Abdullah; Asmara, Abdillah
Pendas : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar Vol. 11 No. 02 (2026): Volume 11 No. 2, Juni 2026 Release
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar FKIP Universitas Pasundan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23969/jp.v11i02.47296

Abstract

The era of digital disruption has created paradigmatic challenges for Islamic education, particularly in maintaining the value of adab (civility) amidst the massive and unfiltered flow of information. This study aims to analyze the transformation of adab values ​​in Malay Islamic education and formulate a strategy for inclusive and adaptive curriculum reorientation amidst the massive information technology boom. Using qualitative methods with a desk study approach, data were analyzed from various scientific literature on the reorientation of Islamic education and the digitalization of local wisdom. The results show that the transformation of adab in the Malay context involves not merely replacing learning media but rather reconstructing educational components that balance technological mastery with character building. The main findings emphasize that hybrid-Islamic Malay local wisdom—namely, the acculturation of local cultural values ​​with Islamic teachings—plays a crucial role as a moral strengthening instrument for Generation Z in stemming deviant behavior in cyberspace, such as hoaxes and the degradation of manners. The manifestation of adab has transformed into "digital adab," where cyber media becomes not only a tool for delivering content but also a vehicle for reflection and spiritual role models. In conclusion, the synergy between the integration of Islamic values, strengthening Malay cultural identity, and digital cyber literacy is key to developing a generation that excels intellectually while maintaining moral dignity in the era of digital transformation.
PENGARUH TRANSPARANSI, GOOD SCHOOL GOVERNANCE, DAN PENGAWASAN TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS PENGELOLAAN DANA BANTUAN OPERASIONAL SEKOLAH (Studi Kasus SD Negeri Kabupaten Sukoharjo) Chintya noer cahyani; Darmanto; Suprihati
Jurnal Akuntansi dan Pajak Vol. 27 No. 1 (2027): JAP, Vol. 27, No. 01, Februari - Juli 2026
Publisher : ITB AAS Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29040/jap.v27i1.20221

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of transparency, good school governance, and supervision on the effectiveness of school operational fund management (BOS). The sampling method used in this study was random sampling with Slovin calculation. The sample size for this study was 80 respondents. The respondents were BOS treasurers of public elementary schools in Sukoharjo Regency. This research was quantitative, using primary data sources. Based on the results of primary data processing using multiple linear regression analysis, F-tests, and t-tests, it was found that transparency had a negative and significant effect on the effectiveness of school operational fund management, while good school governance and supervision had a positive and significant effect on the effectiveness of school operational fund management).
Co-Authors Abdullah Idi Abu Mansur, Abu Agus Prayitno AGUS PRAYITNO Amalia, Amah Amrillah, M. Soinun Annisa Astrid Anwar, Muchammad Syaiful Aprianingsih, Heny Arvin Efriani Asmara, Abdillah Asy'arie, Bima Fandi Aulia, Natasha Azizah, Suti Mega Nur Baehaqi Basuki Sri Rahayu Budiyono Budiyono Cahyanto, Gilang eko Chintya Noer Cahyani Cholis, Muhammad Christina Azazya Josefphine Cukup Islamiarso Dhaniswara, Erwin Eni Sumarminingsih Eprianto Esti Setiawati Etheldreda Prabandasari Bria Fitri Oviyanti Fujiannor Rahman Gunarto, Julian Christhoper Hafel, Muhlis hidayat, dwi taufik Hizkia, Daud Imam Asrori Irja Putra Pratama Judijanto, Loso Karlina Hogiana Suprihadi Putri Kasinyo Harto Khoirul Anwar Kiring Yopi Kusala, Vajra Vidya Lalong, Etha Margharetha Linda Dwi Astuti Lisman Manurung LMS Kristiyanti, LMS LMS. Kristiyanti Loris M. Yogi Riyantama Isjoni Maryamah Maulana, Eka Dani Ma’ruf, Muhammad Hasan Meli, Meli Puspita Muhammad Sirozi Muhammad, Adamu Abubakar Nurhidayati Oktavianus Satu Pardana Wati, Sri Laksmi Putri, Netty Fitriana Qiftiyah, Maemunatussa’dayatul Rahma Fitriani Renitasari, Delta Ayu Reynold, O. T Ruszardi, Luzar Dwain Saifullah, Aeb Sait abdullah Salindri Selly Susanti, Septiani Sepiana, Yelna Septiani, Reni Setyadi, Achmad Umar Sidi, Pramono Siti Fatimah Slamet Riadi Sri Laksmi Pardanawati, Sri Laksmi Sri Wardaya Suprihati Suprihati - Syahla Trisno, Indra Budi Tyas, Nofi Wahyuning Utami, Fuji Widianto Yonatan, Widianto Wikan Budi Utami Yelna Septiana Yenni Maria Sridarta Yulia Wahyuni Yulius Hari Zaneta, Aulia Zubairi, Ahmad