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All Journal Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Jurnal Penelitian Ekosistem Dipterokarpa Biodidaktika : Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya Al Ishlah Jurnal Pendidikan Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA) Jurnal PAJAR (Pendidikan dan Pengajaran) SELAPARANG: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Berkemajuan Journal of Science Innovare EKOLOGIA : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Dasar dan Lingkungan Hidup Abdi: Jurnal Pengabdian dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat JPPS (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Sains) Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (Littri) Didaktik : Jurnal Ilmiah PGSD STKIP Subang Jurnal Pendidikan, Sains, Geologi, dan Geofisika (GeoScienceEd Journal) Jurnal Penelitian Ekosistem Dipterokarpa IJORER : International Journal of Recent Educational Research JSEP (Journal of Science Education and Practice) Pedagogia: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan JIPI (Jurnal IPA dan Pembelajaran IPA)
Surti Kurniasih
Pakuan University
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Conditional Effects of Generative AI on Metacognitive Learning Martahani; Rita Retnowati; Surti Kurniasih; Romi Suarti; Indriyani Rachman
Jurnal PAJAR (Pendidikan dan Pengajaran) Vol. 10 No. 4 (2026): July
Publisher : Laboratorium Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33578/pjr.v10i4.1656

Abstract

Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) has been rapidly adopted in education, yet its impact on students' metacognitive learning remains poorly understood. Most existing reviews focus broadly on learning outcomes or technology acceptance, neglecting specific metacognitive processes, planning, monitoring, evaluation, and reflection that underpin self-regulated learning. This systematic review synthesizes empirical evidence on how GenAI influences metacognitive learning, which pedagogical approaches support it, and the risks that emerge. Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, a systematic search of Scopus, ERIC, and Google Scholar identified 12 empirical studies published between 2020 and 2026. The findings reveal that GenAI's effect on metacognition is fundamentally conditional: structured scaffolding improves self-regulation, whereas unrestricted use leads to metacognitive laziness, cognitive offloading, and a decline in self-regulation. Four effective pedagogical approaches were identified: metacognitive prompting, guided inquiry with scaffolding, reflective journaling, and feedback literacy instruction. Significant risks include passive acceptance of AI answers, illusion of competence, and unequal benefits for students with weaker feedback literacy. This review presents a Conditional Metacognitive Support framework to guide GenAI integration. For educators, effective implementation requires structured prompts, reflective activities, and explicit feedback literacy instruction.
Co-Authors Adam Abdul Hakim Adinda Dian Utami Agus Purwantara Ai Rusmiati Aldi Yudawan Alma Sekar Latifah Anggita Yunnanda Anna Ayu Lestari Anna Permanasari Asep Saepulrohman Bibin Rubini Desti Herawati Didit Ardianto Dimas Prasaja, Dimas Dina Dyah Saputri Dina Dyah Saputri Eka Puspita Rahayu Eka Suhardi Ika Kartika Indarini Dwi Pursitasari Indarini Dwi Pursitasari Indri Yani Indriyani Rachman Juliatriyani Juliatriyani Lathifah, Suci Siti Leny Heliawati M. Taufik Awaludin Martahani Mazaya Leila Nadhilah Melly Audina Nurhikmawati Munarti Munarti Munarti Munarti Nandang Hidayat Nia Alfitriyani Rita Retnowati Romi Suarti Rubiyo Rubiyo Sandi Budiana Setiawan, Asep S Sigit Subagja Siti Rukoyah Solihat Rahmawati Stella Talitha Sudarsono Sudarsono Tatang Mulyana Tifanny Safitri Tini Sulastri Sihombing Wawan Syahiril Yosi Dwi Ananda Putri Zulhijatiningsih Zulhijatiningsih