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Commercial Incense: Compound Analysis and Its Molecular Docking Studies as Anxiolytic Agents Apsari, Cintya Nurul; Ujiantari, Navista Sri Octa; Rohmah, Zuliyati; Utami, Setyowati Triastuti; Suma, Artania Adnin Tri; Gusnaniar, Niar
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 13, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2024.131.239-250

In the context of Indonesian culture, incense has been traditionally utilized in various rituals. Incense possesses a calming impact and has the potential to reduce anxiety. This physiological response stems from the interplay of chemical components within incense and receptors associated with relaxation, specifically GABAA. This research aims to explore the interaction between substances found in commercially incenses with the GABAA receptors. The compounds of incense were identified through Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) analysis. And there were 54 compounds identified from the 5 incense samples. Next, the ligands employed for docking studies were compounds predicted to traverse the blood-brain barrier (BBB). There were 31 compounds potential of crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Docking results indicated that the majority of tested compounds exhibited notably lower S-scores during receptor interaction, suggesting their potential as anxiety-relieving agents. Furthermore, molecular docking outcomes highlighted that 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester showed the lowest S-score (-6.573). These findings imply that odorant and other volatile organic compounds (VOCs) present in incenses possess the ability to function as anxiety-reducing (anxiolytic) agents, potentially assisting in anxiety treatment.

Mekanisme Penyakit Kardiovaskular terkait Penuaan Nuriliani, Ardaning; Apriliyani, Tia; Pusparini, Nur Ainun Oktavia; Karmilah, Karmilah; Rohmah, Zuliyati; Tunjung, Woro Anindito Sri
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 26 No 2, Tahun 2024
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.2024.59115

Penuaan merupakan proses patofisiologis ditandai dengan penurunan fungsi sel dan jaringan yang menyebabkan peningkatan risiko penyakit terkait penuaan, salah satunya penyakit kardiovaskular. Kajian pustaka ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari mekanisme beberapa penyakit kardiovaskular seperti hipertensi, aritmia, dan stroke. Data kajian berupa data sekunder yang berasal dari jurnal dan artikel tanpa batasan tahun terbit. Basis data yang digunakan yaitu Science direct, google scholar, NCBI, scopus, dan web. Kata kunci yang digunakan untuk pencarian buku, jurnal, dan artikel adalah hipertensi, hypertension mechanism, hypertension factor, stroke diseases, stroke mechanisms, risk factor causes stroke, stroke molecular mechanisms, arrhythmia, arrhythmia disease, arrhythmia mechanism, risk factor of arrhythmia, risk factor of arrhythmia. Hipertensi disebabkan oleh ROS yang mengikat nitrat oksida (NO) menghasilkan peroksinitrit (ONOO2) sehingga terjadi disfungsi endotel. Aritmia terjadi akibat kondisi inflamasi yang mengaktivasi oksidase NADPH menyebabkan perkembangan fibrilasi atrium kronis. Stroke terjadi akibat penyempitan pembuluh darah yang menyebabkan akumulasi sel senesen dan menginduksi peradangan serta penuaan endotel. Penyakit kardiovaskular seperti hipertensi, aritmia, dan stroke dapat disebabkan oleh mekanisme yang berkaitan dengan penuaan.

Histopathological Effects of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) Peel Decoction on Betta Fish (Betta sp.) Liver Ariesti, Wiwin; Aeniah, Siti; Halim, Shuha Ma’muriyah; Sofyantoro, Fajar; Wijayanti, Nastiti; Retnoaji, Bambang; Nuriliani, Ardaning; Saragih, Hendry T.S.S.G.; Rohmah, Zuliyati; Widiyanto, Slamet; Pusparini, Nur Ainun Oktavia; Empra, Desi Eka Putri; Septriani, Nur Indah
Biota Vol 17 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) peel contains bioactive compounds known for their health benefits, yet potential toxicity at certain doses remains a concern. This study evaluates the histopathological effects of mangosteen peel decoction on the liver of Betta fish (Betta sp.), a sensitive model organism. Mangosteen peel decoction was prepared and administered to Betta fish at concentrations of 5, 25, and 50 ppm, with a control group receiving no treatment. Fish were observed for changes in swimming activity and appetite over five days. Liver tissues were collected, processed, and analyzed histologically to assess tissue damage including vacuolization, pyknosis, hemorrhage, and necrosis. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Behavioral analysis indicated a dose-dependent reduction in swimming activity and appetite in treated groups. Histopathological examination revealed significant liver damage across all treatment groups, with higher concentrations of decoction correlating with increased hemorrhage, pyknosis, and necrosis. Vacuolization was highest in the control group and lowest in the 50-ppm group. The overall hepatic damage was categorized as moderate, with the control group showing the least damage. Mangosteen peel decoction induced significant hepatic damage in Betta fish, highlighting the cytotoxic effects at higher doses. The observed behavioral and histopathological changes underscore the need for careful consideration of decoction concentrations to avoid adverse effects in aquatic organisms. This study provides crucial insights into the toxicological impacts of mangosteen peel decoction on fish liver health, emphasizing the importance of dose regulation in practical applications. Further research is recommended to explore protective measures and alternative treatments to mitigate liver damage.

Natural Dye as an Alternative to Hematoxylin-Eosin Staining on Histological Preparations Karlina, Ina; Pusparini, Nur Ainun Oktavia; Maharesi, Chesa Ekani; Saeed, Faisal; Retnoaji, Bambang; Saragih, Hendry; Septriani, Nur Indah; Rohmah, Zuliyati; Hadi, Susilo; Nuriliani, Ardaning
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 10, No 2 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v10i2.7909

Hematoxylin-eosin is widely utilized in the field of animal microtechniques. However, the need to develop alternative dyes from natural sources such as plants has gained attention. Several studies have shown that many plants contain secondary metabolites with the potential to be developed as natural dyes. Lonchocarpus cyanescens and Syzygium cumini are promising candidates as alternative dyes for hematoxylin, while Lawsonia inermis and Hibiscus sabdariffa have shown potential as substitute dyes for eosin. These plants contain various secondary metabolites, including anthocyanins, flavonoids, chlorophyll, betalains, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, carbohydrates, proteins, phenolics, terpenoids, quinones, coumarins, xanthones, and resins. L. cyanescens exhibits a strong binding affinity to cells and tissues, particularly testicular tissue. Dyes derived from Syzygium cumini have been shown to provide a good staining result for rat liver cells. In contrast, dyes from Lawsonia inermis can stain cytoplasmic components and muscle fibers. Additionally, the dye from Hibiscus sabdariffa is capable of staining various biological components, including sperm, nerve cells, and blood cells. The dye preparation process involved extraction from different plant organs, such as leaves, flowers, and fruit. These findings suggest that secondary metabolites from these four plants hold significant potential for development as natural dyes to replace hematoxylin-eosin in histological applications.

The Application of Barokah herb and salinity on the growth of Sangkuriang catfish Clarias gariepinus Burchell, 1822 Faulana, Arum Fahmi; Rohmah, Zuliyati
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 24 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.24.2.258-265

The demand and need for catfish is increasing along with the growth of the Indonesian population, thus requiring greater catfish production. In addition, most of the brackish water areas in Indonesia have not been optimized for freshwater fish farming. Water salinity of 4 ppt plays a role in increasing fish growth, so when combined with the use of probiotics it has the potential to optimize catfish growth. This prompted a study on the Barokah herb, a herbal probiotic developed by the Mina Rukun fish group in Gunungkidul, which was combined with a water salinity of 4 parts per thousand (ppt) for more optimal rearing of Sangkuriang catfish. This study used a Completely Randomized Design with four treatment groups: control (K), salinity 4 ppt (S), herbal probiotics Barokah Herb with a dose of 30 mL/kg feed (P), and a combination of Barokah herb and salinity (PS). Each pond contained 375 catfish as replications with a stocking density of 250 fish/m3. Data analysis was carried out using the ANOVA Test and the Tukey HSD Test as a post hoc test. The results showed that the combination of Barokah herb with a dose of 30 mL/kg feed and salinity of 4 ppt gave the best effect on the growth of Sangkuriang catfish, feed conversion ratio (FCR) of 1.001 and specific growth ratio (SGR) of 1.021. Histo-morphologically, the combination of Barokah Herb and 4 ppt salinity showed an increase in the dimensions of the villi, crypts, and tunica mucosa in the intestine and increased the dimensions skeletal muscle fascicles of the Sangkuriang catfish. This is related to the environment that is isoosmotic to the catfish's body and also the improvement of the catfish's digestive system. Keywords: catfish growth, histo-morphology, barokah herb, salinity ABSTRAK Permintaan dan kebutuhan lele semakin meningkat seiring dengan pertumbuhan penduduk Indonesia, sehingga membutuhkan produksi lele yang lebih besar. Selain itu, sebagian besar wilayah perairan payau di Indonesia belum dioptimalkan untuk budidaya ikan air tawar. Salinitas air 4 ppt berperan dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan ikan, sehingga ketika dikombinasikan dengan probiotik, berpotensi menjadikan pertumbuhan lele lebih optimal. Hal ini mendorong dilakukannya penelitian tentang probiotik herbal Ramuan Barokah yang dikembangkan oleh kelompok ikan Mina Rukun Gunungkidul yang dikombinasikan dengan salinitas air 4 part per thousand (ppt) agar pemeliharaan ikan lele Sangkuriang lebih optimal. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan empat kelompok perlakuan yaitu kontrol (K), salinitas 4 ppt (S), probiotik herbal Ramuan Barokah dengan dosis 30 mL/kg pakan (P), dan kombinasi probiotik hebal dan salinitas (PS). Setiap kolam diisi 375 ekor ikan lele sebagai ulangan dengan padat tebar 250 ekor/m3. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan Uji ANOVA dan Uji Tukey HSD sebagai uji post hoc. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi Ramuan Barokah dengan dosis 30 mL/kg pakan dan salinitas 4 ppt memberikan pengaruh terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan ikan lele Sangkuriang, rasio konversi pakan (FCR) sebesar 1,001 dan rasio pertumbuhan spesifik (SGR) sebesar 1,021. Secara histomorfologi, kombinasi Ramuan Barokah dan salinitas 4 ppt menunjukkan adanya peningkatan dimensi vili, kripta, dan tunika mukosa pada usus serta peningkatan dimensi fasikulus otot rangka ikan lele Sangkuriang. Hal ini berkaitan dengan lingkungan yang isoosmotik terhadap tubuh ikan lele dan juga perbaikan sistem pencernaan lele. Kata kunci: histo-morfologi, pertumbuhan lele, ramuan barokah, salinitas

MORPHOMETRY OF THE GILL AND ARBORESCENT STRUCTURES OF Clarias gariepinus (BURCHELL, 1822) AT DIFFERENT DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES Nuriliani, Ardaning; Karlina, Ina; Rohmah, Zuliyati; Sari, Dini Wahyu Kartika
Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia Vol 31, No 2 (2025): (Juni 2025)
Publisher : Politeknik Kelautan dan Perikanan Karawang, BRSDM KP.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/jppi.31.2.2025.%p

Catfish is one of Indonesia's superior fishery commodities. Catfish have an adaptation mechanism to an environment with minimal oxygen in their gill structure, namely arborescent to support their successful lives. This study examines Mutiara catfish's gill and arborescent morphometry at various developmental stages. The morphometric parameters consist of several parts, namely gill structure and arborescent structure. The gill structure includes the ratio of gill weight right and left to the weight and total length of the fish. Apart from that, the gills are divided into three main parts, namely the branchial arch, branchial filaments, and branchiospinalis. The part of the branchial arch observed includes the ratio of the length of the branchial arch to the total length of the fish. The branchial filament section includes the average number of branchial filaments per branchial arch, the average density of branchial filaments (filaments/cm), and the ratio of branchial filament length to branchial arch length. The branchiospinal section includes the average number of branchiospinalis per branchial arch and branchiospinal density. Arborescent structures include ratios of relative arborescent weight (%) right and left to total fish weight and the ratio of the number of arborescent branches to total arborescent weight. Catfish were sampled from the larval stage (1–14 days), juvenile (15–21 days), and post-juvenile to pre-adult (22–90 days). Statistical analysis of data using SPPS 22 software. Mutiara catfish in the post-adolescent to preadult stage have higher relative gill weight and relative arborescent weight than the juvenile and larval stages. The post-adolescent to preadult stage has a more developed gill and arborescent shape and size than the juvenile and larval stages.

Gambaran Penyakit Neurodegeneratif: Huntington, Alzheimer, dan Parkinson: Sebuah Tinjauan Karlina, Ina; Andriyani, Eka Fitri Siti; Pratiwi, Arini Dian; Prasasti, Filosofia Florista Tesla Aulia; Tunjung, Woro Anindito Sri; Rohmah, Zuliyati; Nuriliani, Ardaning
Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan Vol 7 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/JBiomedKes.2024.v7.113-123

Neurodegenerative diseases occur due to dysfunction of the nervous system, which is accompanied by memory and movement disorders. Neurodegenerative diseases can be viewed from an etiological and pathological perspective (pathophysiological and histopathological). The most common neurodegenerative diseases are Huntington's, Alzheimer's, and Parkinson's. This review article will review the etiology and pathology of Huntington's, Alzheimer's, and Parkinson's diseases. The method used in this writing uses journals and books from Google Scholar, PubMed, ResearchGate, and the Web. The keywords used are etiology, pathology, pathophysiology, histopathology, neurodegenerative disease, Huntington's, Alzheimer's, and Parkinson's. The author limited the last 10 years of literature used. Based on a literature review, it is known that the etiology of Huntington's disease is caused by mutations in the huntingtin gene on chromosome four. The pathology of Huntington's disease is caused by unstable expansion of trinucleotide-encoded polyglutamine (CAG) repeats. One of the histopathological features of Huntington's disease can be identified from increased iron levels in the striata of the brain. The etiology of Alzheimer's disease involves interactions between genetic factors, lifestyle, environment, and the aging process. The pathology of Alzheimer's disease occurs due to the presence of apolipoprotein and its relationship to 3 mutated genes. The histopathology of Alzheimer's disease is identified by the presence of neuronal cell death, which is characterized by the shrinking of the nuclei of brain neuronal cells and the cytoplasm has a more eosinophilic color. The etiology of Parkinson's disease is progressive nerve damage to certain areas of the brain. The pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease is thought to involve a reduction in striatal dopamine, which causes an increase in inhibitory output from the globus pallidus pars interna/substantia nigra pars reticulata (Gpi/SNr), resulting in movement suppression. Histopathologically, Parkinson's disease is characterized by degeneration of neurons and neurophagia. This review concludes that Huntington's, Alzheimer's, and Parkinson's diseases can be caused by aging and genetic factors. The pathology of the disease is due to mutations, increased levels of iron, apolipoprotein, neuronal cell death, increased inhibitory output, and neuronal degeneration. The symptoms caused can be motoric, cognitive, and psychiatric.

Natural Dye as an Alternative to Hematoxylin-Eosin Staining on Histological Preparations Karlina, Ina; Pusparini, Nur Ainun Oktavia; Maharesi, Chesa Ekani; Saeed, Faisal; Retnoaji, Bambang; Saragih, Hendry; Septriani, Nur Indah; Rohmah, Zuliyati; Hadi, Susilo; Nuriliani, Ardaning
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 10, No 2 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v10i2.7909

Hematoxylin-eosin is widely utilized in the field of animal microtechniques. However, the need to develop alternative dyes from natural sources such as plants has gained attention. Several studies have shown that many plants contain secondary metabolites with the potential to be developed as natural dyes. Lonchocarpus cyanescens and Syzygium cumini are promising candidates as alternative dyes for hematoxylin, while Lawsonia inermis and Hibiscus sabdariffa have shown potential as substitute dyes for eosin. These plants contain various secondary metabolites, including anthocyanins, flavonoids, chlorophyll, betalains, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, carbohydrates, proteins, phenolics, terpenoids, quinones, coumarins, xanthones, and resins. L. cyanescens exhibits a strong binding affinity to cells and tissues, particularly testicular tissue. Dyes derived from Syzygium cumini have been shown to provide a good staining result for rat liver cells. In contrast, dyes from Lawsonia inermis can stain cytoplasmic components and muscle fibers. Additionally, the dye from Hibiscus sabdariffa is capable of staining various biological components, including sperm, nerve cells, and blood cells. The dye preparation process involved extraction from different plant organs, such as leaves, flowers, and fruit. These findings suggest that secondary metabolites from these four plants hold significant potential for development as natural dyes to replace hematoxylin-eosin in histological applications.

Identifikasi Bakteri Patogen pada Olahan Daging Sapi Penyebab KLB Keracunan Pangan di Temanggung Tahun 2018 Rudin, Nur Ahmad; Perdana, Naufal Ghozi Aditya; Amalia, Ninda Nur; Rohmah, Zuliyati
Prosiding SNPBS (Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Biologi dan Saintek) 2019: Prosiding SNPBS (Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Biologi dan Saintek)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (390.919 KB)

Kejadian Luar Biasa (KLB) keracunan pangan adalah suatu kejadian dimana terdapat dua orang atau lebih yang menderita sakit dengan gejala yang sama atau hampir sama setelah mengonsumsi pangan, dan berdasarkan analisis epidemiologi, pangan tersebut terbukti sebagai sumber keracunan. Bakteri patogen menjadi salah satu agen penyebab KLB keracunan pangan. Bakteri merupakan penyebab penyakit yang sering berhubungan dengan bidang penyehatan makanan, seperti diare, muntaber, tifus, dan infeksi saluran pencernaan disebabkan masih tingginya tingkat kontaminasi mikroorganisme pada makanan yang disajikan oleh berbagai penyelenggara makanan. Bakteri patogen yang sering menjadi penyebab penyakit pada manusia adalah Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Vibrio cholerae, Streptococcus pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Campylobacter sp., Salmonella enteric, Salmonella thypi, Taenia solium dan Mycobacterium sp. Analisis bakteri patogen penting untuk mengetahui jenis bakteri penyebab penyakit sehingga penyakit akibat bakteri patogen di masyarakat dapat diantisipasi dan ditangani dengan tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi bakteri patogen pada olahan daging sapi penyebab KLB keracunan pangan di Temanggung, Jawa Tengah tahun 2018. Penelitian dilakukan dengan uji biokimia menggunakan BD Phoenix™ dan uji patogenitas dengan tes antisera E. coli pada sampel olahan daging sapi, yaitu daging rebus dan daging bumbu. Analisis data dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan membaca hasil pengujian biokimia setelah sampel dituangkan ke Panel NID (bakteri Gram negatif) atau Panel PID (bakteri Gram positif), dan diinkubasi pada BD Phoenix™, serta melihat terbentuknya gumpalan seperti pasir pada tes antisera E. coli. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan daging rebus mengandung bakteri Bacillus thuringiensis, Staphylococcus gallinarum, dan Staphylococcus sciuri. Daging bumbu mengandung bakteri E. coli dan S. gallinarum. E. coli pada daging bumbu bersifat nonpatogen. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah KLB keracunan pangan di Temanggung tahun 2018 disebabkan oleh kontaminasi bakteri pada sampel olahan daging sapi yaitu S. sciuri pada daging sapi rebus dan E. coli pada daging sapi bumbu.

Review: Aplikasi Histopatologi Untuk Praktik Forensik: Review: Applications of Histopathology for Forensic Practice Faulana, Arum Fahmi; Empra, Desi Eka Putri; Rahmadian, Desti; Shalihah, Fianicha; Nuriliani, Ardaning; Retnoaji, Bambang; Saragih, Hendry Tri Sakti SG; Rohmah, Zuliyati; Septriani, Nur Indah
Borneo Journal of Medical Laboratory Technology Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024): Borneo Journal of Medical Laboratory Technology
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33084/bjmlt.v6i2.6582

Forensics plays an important role in investigating crimes because it can reveal everything related to a murder case, including the time and cause of the murder. Histopathology is the study of damage to body tissues and organs which can be used to help investigate crimes. The aim of this literature review is to study the role of histopathology applications for forensic practice. The method used is searching journals and books using Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, NCBI, and PubMed with the keywords histopathology, forensics, diagnosis, death, microscopy, disease, staining, and autopsy. The histology approach helps the pathologist make a clear determination on the cause of death. The aim of histopathology is to perfect the macroscopic diagnosis and act as an additional examination in forensic case management. One of the histopathology methods in the forensic field is the paraffin method with hematoxylin eosin staining and special stains, immunohistochemistry, and MITS. The parameters observed with this method are measurements of pulmonary fat embolism; determining the age of myocardial infarction; assessment of liver steatosis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis; determination of the age of thrombus or thromboembolism; and diagnosis of shock with various diseases. The prospect of forensic histopathology is to complement molecular diagnostic methods, so that the combination of molecular and histology methods can play a maximum role in the field of forensic pathology. The conclusion of this literature review is that histopathology can be used to confirm the diagnosis in forensic cases and has good future prospects if combined with other methods such as molecular.

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