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Journal : International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology

HDPE Recycled Plastic Composite with Cellulose Fiber Filler Based on Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches Wawan Atmaja; Zulnazri Zulnazri; Agam Muarif; Willy W
International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology Vol 1, No 4 (2021)
Publisher : Master Program of Information Technology, Universitas Malikussaleh, Aceh Utara, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (412.813 KB) | DOI: 10.52088/ijesty.v1i4.252

Abstract

Composite is an advanced material product that has better mechanical properties than a single material and has high tensile strength; it can be applied to the construction of boat walls, car dashboards, electronic casings, and others. This study examines the composite quality of HDPE recycled plastic using cellulose fiber-based on Empty Palm Oil Bunches (TKKS), which is processed through an extruder and injection melt blending system. The method used is mixing plastic and fiber materials with a roll mill and blending with an extruder. Cellulose fiber was dissolved with compatibilizer maleic anhydrous (MAH) 2.5% as much as 20 mL, stirred until smooth, and HDPE plastic was dissolved with benzoyl peroxide (BPO) 0.5% 10 mL. The composite was molded with hot pores at 160-170 ᴼC. The tensile test shows the strength of HDPE composite (90: 10) is 27.0 Mpa with maximum load reaching 274 N, HDPE composite (80: 20) is 26.0 MPa with full load 258 N, HDPE composite (70: 30) is 320.0 MPa with a maximum load of 316 N. SEM shows the surface structure of the fiber-compatible HDPE composite. Functional group analysis showed that HDPE composites had O-H and C-O-C functional groups derived from lignocellulosic OPEFB material. The appearance of these two peaks indicates a compatible interaction between the HDPE matrix and cellulose. DSC shows that HDPE composites have a degradation temperature of up to 260 ᴼC and a decomposition temperature of 493.45 ᴼC. This temperature indicates that the HDPE-cellulose composite can withstand heat until it decomposes at a temperature of 493 45 oC.
Study of Cellulose Extraction from Robusta Coffee Husk Using NaOH Solution Daniati, Rahma; Zulnazri, Zulnazri; Hakim, Lukman; Hasbullah, Siti Aishah
International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology Vol 2, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Malikussaleh University, Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (415.357 KB) | DOI: 10.52088/ijesty.v2i2.253

Abstract

This study reports on manufacturing cellulose from robusta coffee husks through a solid-liquid extraction process. A high yield of cellulose can be achieved by extraction using 3.5% HNO3 at a temperature of 100 oC with a gain of 35.4%. Meanwhile, the extraction process with 4.5% HNO3 at a temperature of 80 oC only achieved a yield of 32.8%. From the results of this study, it can be seen that the smaller the concentration of HNO3 used and the higher the temperature, the greater the yield of cellulose produced. The X-ray diffraction pattern shows high peaks appearing at an angle of 2θ around 22.5o; this area is a typical peak of the cellulose structure. High crystallinity was obtained at a concentration of 3.5% HNO3 at a temperature of 100 oC at 82.47%, while the lowest crystallinity was found at a 5.5% HNO3 concentration at a temperature of 100 oC at 74.27%. The decrease in crystallinity was caused by the high temperature and concentration of HNO3, which caused the acid to penetrate quickly into the cellulose tissue layer and hydrolyze the crystalline regions of cellulose. FT-IR analysis showed a high absorption area at 3314 cm-1 and a low absorption area at 1028 cm-1, typical of Robusta coffee husk cellulose. The absorption located around the 3314 cm-1 bands is a stretch of the –OH group and the absorption in the 1028 cm-1 band is related to the -CH2 group. SEM can show the morphology of cellulose with smaller and uniform crystal dimensions with a scale of 20 µm.
Comparison of Composite Quality from PP Plastic with Recycled HDPE Through The Screw Extruder Process Zulnazri, Z; Atmaja, W; Maliki, S; Muarif, A; Noviansyah, F; Ramadhan, C
International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology Vol 1, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Malikussaleh University, Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (661.685 KB) | DOI: 10.52088/ijesty.v1i2.123

Abstract

This study examines the composite quality of PP and HDPE plastic waste materials using Microfiber Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) as filler, the fiber used is 90 µm. The ratio of matrix: filler used is 60:40 and 70:30 for each type of PP and HDPE polymer. The method used is a melt blending screw extruder, where plastic and fiber materials are dissolved with a compatibilizer and then melt blended in an extruder by providing temperatures of 160 and 170 oC. Tensile tests showed the strength of the PP composite with a filler ratio of 60:40 and 70:30, respectively, of 313.25 N and 336.35 N, while the HDPE composite with a filler ratio of 60:40 and 70:30, respectively are 392.93 N and 187.90 N. The maximum force required to break HDPE composites reaches 21.10 Mpa while for PP composites it reaches 18.56 Mpa. From the morphology of the PP and HDPE composite samples, the overall surface structure of HDPE looks regular with a width from 1 to 13.5 mm. The PP composite shows a uniform and regularly arranged surface structure and the bond between the fibers and the filler looks more compatible but the surface pores are rougher. Heat resistance can be seen from the melting point of PP composites which can reach 163.81oC while HDPE composites only reach 134.21oC.
Co-Authors . Suryati . Wusnah Achmad Roesyadi Adha, Muhammad Ikhwanul Adi Setiawan Adli, Muhammad Fathur Adriyan Jondra Agam Muarif Ahmad Fikri Ahmad Fikri Ahmad Fikri Ahmad Kamal Arifin Ainun, Sarifah Alfathan Anshori Almia Permata Putri Amalia, Nabila Amalia, Nabuia Andrie Kurniawan Indra Angga Tri Agusna PA Anggi Dwi Safitri Annisa Ramadina Arafah, Sadinda Ardiansyah, Zul Fadly Arif Maulana Arnawan Hasibuan Ashari, Muhammad Rayhan Atmaja, W Aulia, Rauzatul Authar, Mhammad Azhari Azhari Azhari Azhari B. WIRJOSENTONO Baihaqi Baihaqi Binawati Ginting Desma Rina Desriani, Chintiara Dewi Lestari Dian, Hadyan Dinda Humaira Dwi Pratiwi Eddy Kurniawan Eka Safitri Eki Supratiwi Elviana, Suci Eni Suryani Evi Maulida Ezwarsyah Ezwarsyah Fachry Abda El Rahman Fadhli Syamsudin Faisal Faisal Faisal Faisal Faisal Faisal Faturrahman, Muhammad Fibarzi, Wiza Ulfa Fika Anjana Firda, Hanisyah Firman Maulana, Firman Fitri, Safira HALIMATUD DAHLIANA Hasbullah, Siti Aishah Hendi Setiawan Hijiriani, Awi Anugrah Holila, Manna Ibrahim, Ishak Ilhami, Gita Ayu Iqbal Kamar Iqbal Kamar Ishak Ibrahim Ishak Ishak Ishak Ishak Jain, Vishal Jalaluddin Jalaluddin Jalaluddin Jalaluddin Jalaluddin Jalaluddin Jalaluddin Jalaluddin Josua Lorent Barus Julinawati Julinawati Kamar, Iqbal Khairi Suhud Khairul Anshar Khan, Naseer A. Lamkaruna Rizki Lestari, Juli Lidia Manik Lukman Hakim Lukman Hakim Lukman Hakim M Haikal Af M Sayuti M syarief Hidayatullah M. Asyabul Zikki Mahdayani Sinaga, Citra Puspita Mahfuddara Mahfuddara Maizuar Maizuar Maizuar, M Maliki, S Masrullita Masrullita Masrullita Masrullita Masrullita, Masrullita Mawaddah Mawaddah, Mawaddah Medyan Riza Medyan Riza Melan Amanah, Ananda Meriatna Meriatna Muammar Khadafi Muarif, A Muhammad Daud Muhammad Ikhwanul Adha Muhammad Muhammad Muhammad Muhammad Muhammad nur Ichsan Tamiogy Muhammad, M Muhammad, Muhammad Muliadi Mulyawan, Rizka Mutia Reza Mutiara Lestari Simanjuntak Mutiara Pujana Pujana Nabila Adhani Narul ZA Nasrul ZA Nasrul ZA, Nasrul Novi Sylvia Noviansyah, F Nur Aisyah Nur Annisa Nurdiah, Ika Nurlaila, Rizka Nursakinah Nursakinah Nurul Islami, Nurul Pane, Nurul Anisa Purwoko, Agus Putra, Reza Putri, Almia Permata Putri, Anggieta Putri putri, intan nanda Rafika Rafika Rahma Daniati Rahmi, Delfi Raihan Putri Ramadani, Fikri Fadli Ramadhan, C Ramadhana, Maqfirah Ratna Sari Raudhatul Jannah Raudhatul Ulfa Razi, Ar Retnowulan, Sri Rahayu Ridwandi Rizka Mulyawan Rizka Mulyawan Rizka Nurlaila Rizka Nurlaila, Rizka Nurlaila Rizzki Andira Rozanna Dewi Sagir Alva Salim, Muhammad Alfis Samsul Bahri SARAGIH, SINTA DEWI Seli Novianna Brutu Sinta Morina siti hardiana daulay Sri Dea Varissa Sri Rahayu Retnowulan Sry Rahmadani Sry Wahyuni Damanik Subhan A Gani Sulastri Sulastri Sulhatun Sulhatun Suryani, Suryati Suryati Suryati Suryati Suryati Syafrizal Fonna Syamsul Bahri Syamsul Bahri Syamsul Bahri Sylvia, Novy Ulfa, Raudhatul Waizul Fahri Purba Wawan Atmaja Willy W Yani, Firda Tirta Yaqinnas, Haqqul Yopi Aji Akbar Yulisda, Desvina Zahrani, Amilia Zahrol Hilmi Zainuddin Ginting