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Online Dispute Resolution as A Mechanism for Resolving Consumer Disputes in The Marketplace in Seeking Justice Ramadhani, Nabiela; Afriana, Anita; Yuanitasari, Deviana
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 5 No. 5 (2025): Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v5i5.51166

Abstract

The rapid growth of e-commerce in Indonesia has increased the volume of marketplace transactions, leading to a surge in consumer disputes. However, current dispute resolution mechanisms remain conventional and ineffective in addressing the unique challenges of digital transactions. This study aims to analyze the implementation of Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) as an alternative mechanism for resolving consumer disputes in marketplace transactions, and to examine the urgency of establishing a comprehensive legal framework for ODR in Indonesia. Employing a normative juridical approach, this research reviews primary and secondary legal materials, including laws, regulations, and relevant literature, with qualitative descriptive analysis. The findings reveal that Indonesia lacks specific ODR regulations, limiting its optimal application despite its recognition in existing laws. Implementing ODR can enhance consumer access to justice by providing faster, simpler, cost-effective dispute resolution methods. The study emphasizes the need for comprehensive legal reforms to regulate ODR procedures, institutional responsibilities, data security, and the enforceability of ODR decisions. Strengthening the legal basis for ODR will improve consumer protection, legal certainty, and public trust in digital transactions, supporting a fairer digital economy.
Medical Dispute Resolution by Using Peace Principles Juli, Cep; Fakhirah, Efa Laela; Afriana, Anita
Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities Vol. 5 No. 4 (2025): (JLPH) Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities
Publisher : Dinasti Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jlph.v5i4.1717

Abstract

The national development program in the health sector seeks to improve the level of public health. In an effort to realize the goals of national health development, the medical profession is a noble profession that is the main pillar. The provision of health services involves doctors and patients who are legal subjects involved in the field of health care and create medical and legal relationships. This relationship can cause conflict in its implementation. Lack of good communication and unsatisfactory quality of information from doctors to patients are the main triggers of conflict. In general, disputes in the health sector are resolved through the judicial system, which tends to cause disputes. Alternative dispute resolution is an approach to resolving conflicts amicably, without involving the courts. The most important and effective form of this approach is mediation. The advantage of using mediation is that the procedure is simple, effective, speeds up the process of resolving cases, lowers costs, provides an opportunity to achieve resolution of problems by agreement, and The decision is still under the control of the parties to the dispute. Mediation contributes to the maintenance of healthy relationships between the involved individuals or groups by ensuring their dedication to the mediation outcome and providing legal options in case of non-fulfillment
Studi Kasus Putusan Nomor 245/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2021/PN.Niaga.Jkt.Pst Tentang Pengakuan Putusan Moratorium Pengadilan Singapura dalam Penyelesaian Cross-Border Insolvency dan Kaitannya terhadap Legal Standing Pemohon PKPU di Indonesia Windy Riani Putri; Nyulistiowati Suryanti; Anita Afriana
Jurnal Hukum, Administrasi Publik dan Negara Vol. 2 No. 4 (2025): Juli : Jurnal Hukum, Administrasi Publik dan Negara
Publisher : Asosiasi Peneliti Dan Pengajar Ilmu Sosial Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62383/hukum.v2i4.324

Abstract

This research aims to assess the legal considerations of the panel of judges in Decision Number 245/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2021/PN.Niaga.Jkt.Pst., particularly in recognizing the foreign court decision in the form of a moratorium ruling from the Singapore High Court and in determining the legal standing of the PKPU applicant in this case. This research employs a normative juridical method through a case study of Decision Number 245/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2021/PN.Niaga.Jkt.Pst based on Indonesian positive law. The data used consists of primary, secondary, and tertiary. Data analysis was conducted qualitatively by interpreting positive legal provisions, principles, and doctrines applicable in Indonesia to evaluate the panel of judges' considerations in this case. The research findings indicate that, first, the panel's recognition of the moratorium decision as grounds for rejecting the PKPU application contradicts Article 436 of the Reglement op de Rechtsvordering, which adheres to the territoriality principle. This recognition also conflicts with the principles of private international law adopted by Indonesia. Furthermore, the consideration regarding the absence of legal standing of the PKPU applicant due to the existence of the moratorium decision linked to choice of forum is inconsistent with Law Number 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations (KPKPU Law) as lex specialis that supersedes debt settlement provisions in other legislation. Second, the research demonstrates that in practice, legal standing is determined based on fulfillment of formal and material requirements as stipulated in Articles 222, 224, and 8(4) of the KPKPU Law, which were satisfied in this case.
Legal Responsibility of Business Actors for Overclaims in the Cosmetics Industry is Linked to the Principle of Moral Integrity Nurfauzi, Febri; Sari, Melia Putri Purnama; Afriana, Anita
JURNAL AKTA Vol 12, No 2 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Program Magister (S2) Kenotariatan, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/akta.v12i2.44940

Abstract

The cosmetic industry for skin care is increasingly growing in Indonesia, which is in line with the increasing business activities today. For women, cosmetics are one of the necessities. Along with such circumstances, overclaim actions in the cosmetics industry are rampant in Indonesia, this is related to business ethics that have not been fully implemented by business actors in Indonesia and the role of Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection should be able to guarantee legal protection for consumers in Indonesia. The research method used in writing this article is normative juridical with qualitative juridical data analysis through collection from literature studies and linking the data obtained with laws and regulations, theories and legal principles.
Aspek Hukum atas Rencana Perdamaian Yang Diajukan Kedua Kalinya dalam Mekanisme PKPU Selama Tahapan Kepailitan Hessy Oktiarifadah; Elisatris Gultom; Anita Afriana
Amandemen: Jurnal Ilmu pertahanan, Politik dan Hukum Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 4 (2025): Amandemen : Jurnal Ilmu pertahanan, Politik dan Hukum Indonesia
Publisher : Asosiasi Peneliti dan Pengajar Ilmu Hukum Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62383/amandemen.v2i4.1244

Abstract

This study examines legal deviations in the implementation of the Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations (PKPU) mechanism, specifically regarding the approval of a peace settlement submitted for the second time after the debtor is declared bankrupt. The study highlights the Supreme Court Decision No. 648K/Pdt.Sus-Pailit/2021, which ratified the second peace settlement in the case of PT Prospek Duta Sukses. This decision is deemed contradictory to the principle of a single peace settlement, as stipulated in Articles 289 and 292 of Law No. 37 of 2004 on Bankruptcy and PKPU, and further reinforced by Supreme Court Circular Letter (SEMA) No. 5 of 2021, which states that a peace settlement in bankruptcy can only be conducted once. Using a normative juridical method, this research analyzes the legal reasoning used by the panel of judges in approving the second peace settlement and evaluates its impact on legal certainty and protection for creditors, who are the affected parties in the bankruptcy process. The approval of a second peace settlement after the debtor is declared bankrupt creates legal uncertainty, as the existing provisions do not provide for more than one peace settlement. Additionally, this decision potentially harms creditors by prolonging the settlement of debts, which should have been clear, thus allowing room for misuse of legal procedures. The findings of the study show that the approval of this second peace settlement not only contradicts the fundamental principles of law but also risks harming creditors, who should be protected by the bankruptcy system to ensure their rights are fairly met. Therefore, this research suggests that consistent application of the law, in line with existing provisions, is necessary to uphold the principles of justice, legal certainty, and the credibility of the national bankruptcy system. Furthermore, reforms in regulations or law enforcement are needed to ensure that legal practices operate in accordance with principles that are fair and transparent.
Implementation Of Dominus Litis Religious Court In Indonesia Kusmayanti, Hazar; Afriana, Anita; Kania, Dede
Fiat Justisia: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol. 19 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25041/fiatjustisia.v19no3.3958

Abstract

The principle of judicial passivity is a fundamental tenet in Indonesian civil procedural law; however, judges are not passive throughout all trial stages and may adopt an active role at times. Similarly, judges in religious courts—judicial bodies under the Supreme Court—have begun to apply the principle of active judging. This raises the question of whether such judicial activism conflicts with civil procedural regulations in Indonesia. This paper examines the implementation of the Dominus Litis principle (active judge) within Religious Courts by analyzing various judicial decisions and considerations. Employing a qualitative juridical descriptive approach, the research finds that panels of judges in Religious Courts actively apply the Dominus Litis principle during conciliation, evidence assessment, legal counseling, and the mobile court program.
Restorative Justice in Corporate Dispute Resolution as Business Actor in Indonesia Abubakar, Lastuti; Afriana, Anita; Rajamanickam, Ramalinggam; Fakhirah, Efa Laela
Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024): Navigating Legal Landscapes: Exploring Justice Development in Indonesia and the
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jils.vol9i1.4573

Abstract

Indonesian limited liability company (Perseroan Terbatas or "PT") is a preferable entity selected by business actors in conducting activities. In this context, the characteristics of PT grant persona standi in judicio, as a legal subject capable of initiating and defending lawsuits in civil and criminal courts under Law No. 40 of 2007. Therefore, this article aimed to discuss the implementation of corporate accountability in the context of PT, and the potential for restorative justice in resolving disputes, relying on secondary sources such as theories, norms, and legal principles. The results show that 1) the application of restorative justice is consistent with the corporate entity's existence to maintain business continuity while upholding accountability as a legal subject, 2) Restorative Justice, centered on fundamental elements of encounter, repair, and transform, represents an effort towards the well-being and integrity of victims, perpetrators, and society. The method enhances legal certainty and protection for parties in PT-related business activities.
EKSISTENSI SERTIPIKAT HAK KOMUNAL ATAS TANAH MASYARAKAT HUKUM ADAT DI SEKTOR KEHUTANAN DAN PERKEBUNAN Nurhakim, Lukman Ilman; Rubiati, Betty; Afriana, Anita
Bina Hukum Lingkungan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2018): Bina Hukum Lingkungan, Volume 3, Nomor 1, Oktober 2018
Publisher : Asosiasi Pembina Hukum Lingkungan Indonesia (PHLI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Hak Ulayat pada penerapannya telah digantikan oleh Hak Komunal melalui Peraturan MATR/ KBPN No. 10/2016. Dengan kata lain, Permen ATR/KBPN No. 10/2016 menghendaki adanya Sertipikat Hak Komunal atas Tanah berpotensi dapat menegasikan pengelolaan Masyarakat Hukum Adat terhadap sektor kehutanan dan perkebunan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan artikel ini adalah metode pendekatan yuridis normatif. Sertipikat Hak Komunal atas Tanah merupakan suatu bukti kepemilikan atas tanah sebagai upaya mereduksi konflik yang terus berkelanjutan. Namun, eksistensi Hak Komunal baik UUPA maupun PP Pendaftaran Tanah tidak mengatur sebagai bagian daripada Hak Atas Tanah maupun objek pendaftaran tanah. Begitu juga UU Kehutanan dan UU Perkebunan sebagai UU sektoral pengelolaan tanah di bidang kehutanan dan perkebunan tidak mengatur mengenai pranata Hak Komunal atas Tanah. Dengan demikian, Permen ATR/KBPN No. 10/2016 dinyatakan tidak memiliki kekuatan mengikat dikarenakan pembentukannya tidak diperintahkan peraturan perundang-undangan di atasnya, demikian juga dengan Sertipikat Hak Komunal atas Tanah dapat dikesampingkan, khususnya pada sektor Kehutanan dan Perkebunan.
Praktik Konversi Utang Menjadi Saham Sebagai Penerapan Prinsip Business Going Concern dalam Kepailitan dan PKPU Mulya, Jonathan Fide; Abubakar, Lastuti; Afriana, Anita
Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik Vol. 4 No. 4 (2024): (JIHHP) Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik (Mei - Juni 2024)
Publisher : Dinasti Review Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jihhp.v4i4.2142

Abstract

The research was conducted with the aim of knowing and explaining the implementation of business going concern through the conversion of debt into shares (debt to equity swap) in PKPU in order to achieve peace between debtors and creditors. The research was carried out by providing understanding to legal practitioners, entrepreneurs, the government and readers that debtors who experience problems paying debts to two or more creditors can submit a PKPU application to prevent the debtor from being threatened with bankruptcy. The research carried out uses a normative juridical approach which includes research on library materials or secondary materials which includes research on the application of legal principles and norms to produce arguments, theories and inventions for resolving legal problems in implementing business going concern principles through converting debt into shares. (debt to equity swap) in the PKPU process by reviewing the Bankruptcy and PKPU Law (UUKPKPU). The research results show that the conversion of debt into shares (debt to equity swap) is part of debt restructuring in order to provide justice for creditors and debtors by achieving peace at PKPU.
CONTEMPT OF COURT: PENEGAKAN HUKUM DAN MODEL PENGATURAN DI INDONESIA / CONTEMPT OF COURT: LAW ENFORCEMENT AND RULE MODELS IN INDONESIA Afriana, Anita; Artaji, Artaji; Rusmiati, Elis; Fakhriah, Efa Laela; Putri, Sherly
Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan Vol 7 No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Pusat Strategi Kebijakan Hukum dan Peradilan Mahkamah Agung RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25216/jhp.7.3.2018.441-458

Abstract

Di Indonesia sesungguhnya banyak kasus yang terjadi berkaitan dengan pelecehan terhadap pengadilan dan aparat penegak hukum. Hal tersebut berpengaruh terhadap integritas dan kewibawaan lembaga peradilan sebagai benteng terakhir untuk mendapatkan keadilan. Namun, sampai saat ini di Indonesia belum ada ketentuan yang secara khusus mengatur tentang pranata Contempt of Court. Artikel ini merupakan bagian dari penelitian yang telah selesai dilakukan dengan metode yuridis normatif yang mengedepankan data sekunder dengan dilengkapi data primer berupa penelitian lapangan yang dilakukan pada beberapa pengadilan negeri yang ada di Indonesia. Pembahasan difokuskan pada permasalahan eksistensi pengaturan dan penegakan hukum Contempt of Court serta menentukan model pengaturannya di Indonesia.  Peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur tentang Contempt of Court secara khusus sampai saat ini masih belum ada. Akan tetapi, pengaturannya telah tersebar dalam  Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP). Oleh karena itu, dari sekian kasus terkait dengan Contempt of Court baik berupa tindakan  maupun perbuatan yang sesungguhnya mengganggu keselamatan, ketenangan psikis maupun fisik, serta apa pun yang pada prinsipnya merupakan bentuk penghinaan terhadap pengadilan belum diberikan sanksi yang tegas tetapi hanya sekedar dikeluarkan dari ruang persidangan. Contempt of Court dapat terjadi baik di dalam ruang persidangan maupun di luar persidangan baik pada perkara pidana, perdata, maupun hubungan industrial.  Semakin meluaskan berbagai tindakan yang dapat dikategorikan sebagai contempt of court maka  perlu untuk mengatur Contempt of Court dalam bentuk aturan tersendiri.This crisis of public confidence greatly affects the integrity and authority of the judiciary as the last defence for justice. Many things happened related to the harassment of the courts and law enforcement agencies but until now in Indonesia there has been no provision specifically about contempt for the court. This article is a part of research that its used normative judicial method which gave priority to primary data with secondary and primary data. Therefore, field research was conducted by interviewing judge in some  district court in Indonesia. The purpose of this research is to know the existence of regulation and law enforcement of Contempt of Court in Indonesia and to determine the model of Contempt of Court arrangement that is in accordance with the judiciary in Indonesia, and  the summary is the laws and regulations governing the Contempt of Court in particular have so far not existed, but are scattered in the Criminal Code (Criminal Code), therefore in many cases both actions and deeds which in principle interfere with safety, psychic and physical calm which in principle is a form of humiliation to the court has not been given strict sanctions but only just removed from the courtroom. Contempt of Court can take place both within the courtroom and outside the court so that by extending the various actions that can be categorized as contempt of court, it is deemed necessary to regulate the Contempt of Court in the form of a separate rule.