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All Journal Jurnal Demokrasi Refleksi: Jurnal Kajian Agama dan Filsafat Jurnal Al-Tadzkiyyah AJIS : Academic Journal of Islamic Studies JURNAL PENDIDIKAN TAMBUSAI TAJDID Idarah Tarbawiyah: Journal of Management in Islamic Education Akademika : Jurnal Pemikiran Islam Journal of Education, Cultural, and Politics El-Rusyd Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research TOFEDU: The Future of Education Journal Ahlussunnah: Journal of Islamic Education Paramacitra : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat
Ridha Ahida
STAIN Sjech M.Djamil Djambek
Religion Humanities Computer Science & IT Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Mathematics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Journal : El-Rusyd

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Philosophy of Science and Social Construction: An Epistemological Study in the Indonesian Context Yanti, Herina; Ahida, Ridha
El-Rusyd Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Tarbiyah (STIT) Ahlussunnah Bukittinggi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58485/elrusyd.v10i2.403

Abstract

Exploring the relationship between the philosophy of science and social construction provides a critical foundation for understanding the development of scientific knowledge in modern society, particularly within the Indonesian context. The philosophy of science, which examines the epistemological, ontological, and methodological foundations of scientific inquiry, is influenced by the post-positivist paradigm that emphasizes the role of social factors such as culture and norms in shaping knowledge. Meanwhile, Berger and Luckmann’s theory of social construction views scientific knowledge as the result of social interaction, negotiation, and institutionalization rather than an absolutely objective entity. Using qualitative methods with a content analysis approach and a synthetic examination of sources such as journals, books, and local case studies, this research reveals that scientific knowledge in Indonesia is shaped by local values such as mutual cooperation, post-reform political agendas, and cultural narratives, which often give rise to epistemic bias and the marginalization of traditional knowledge. The key findings highlight practical implications in the fields of education, health, and the environment, suggesting that integrating a decolonial philosophy of science can reduce injustice and support inclusive policies such as the National Health Insurance. Overall, this interdisciplinary approach affirms that scientific knowledge is dynamic and contextual, encouraging critical reflection on absolute objectivity to promote equitable and sustainable development.
Scientific Neutrality in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: A Critical Analysis of the Value-Free Ideal Harto, Budi; Ahida, Ridha
El-Rusyd Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Tarbiyah (STIT) Ahlussunnah Bukittinggi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58485/elrusyd.v10i2.486

Abstract

The debate on the neutrality of scientific knowledge whether science is value-free or value-laden has been a central discussion in the philosophy of science from the era of logical positivism to the present. The positivist tradition of Carnap and Reichenbach, along with Popper’s falsificationism, argues that the process of scientific justification must be separated from non-epistemic values in order to secure objectivity. However, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in contemporary scientific research presents empirical evidence that challenges this ideal of value-free science. This study critically examines how the use of AI in science supports the value-laden position advocated by Thomas Kuhn, Helen Longino, and feminist epistemology. Employing a qualitative method with a content analysis approach, the study is analyzed through a philosophical analytical framework. The findings identify three major positions: neopositivism, which defends the value-free ideal; the Kuhnian position, which acknowledges the role of epistemic values; and the radical value-laden position. The discussion demonstrates that artificial intelligence substantiates the value-laden view through four dimensions: algorithmic bias as a manifestation of social values, value-laden design choices in artificial intelligence systems, the incommensurability of artificial intelligence paradigms, and situated objectivity, which requires explicit recognition of embedded values. The study concludes that artificial intelligence not only confirms but reinforces the argument that the value-free ideal is a philosophical illusion, and that responsible science requires critical reflexivity toward the values embedded within scientific practice.
Digital Revolution and the Shifting Paradigm of Knowledge: Islamic Scholars’ Perspectives on Technology Ethics Mustaqim, Mustaqim; Ahida, Ridha
El-Rusyd Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Tarbiyah (STIT) Ahlussunnah Bukittinggi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58485/elrusyd.v10i2.505

Abstract

The rapid advancement of digital technology has fundamentally transformed the ways knowledge is produced, disseminated, and validated, resulting in significant paradigm shifts across educational, religious, and social domains. This study aims to examine how Islamic scholars construct and negotiate ethical frameworks and knowledge paradigms in response to the digital revolution, particularly in relation to ontological, epistemological, and axiological dimensions of knowledge. Employing a qualitative approach with Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), this study applies content analysis to examine classical and contemporary Islamic scholarly texts, academic publications, and authoritative digital discourses on technology and ethics. The findings reveal that Islamic scholars perceive the digital revolution as both a challenge and an opportunity: while digitalization disrupts traditional modes of authority and knowledge transmission, it also enables the emergence of more adaptive, inclusive, and context-sensitive models of Islamic scholarship and education. Furthermore, the analysis demonstrates an increasing emphasis on integrating spiritual and moral values with technological innovation to ensure ethical accountability and social benefit. This study implies that the formulation of technology ethics in the digital age requires a holistic integration of Islamic ethical principles with contemporary technological realities, offering a normative framework that promotes human well-being, social responsibility, and the public good.
Transforming Islamic Religious Education through Nusantara Philosophy: Integrating Popular Pedagogy and Transformative Tauhid Adona, Putri; Ahida, Ridha
El-Rusyd Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Tarbiyah (STIT) Ahlussunnah Bukittinggi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58485/elrusyd.v10i2.515

Abstract

Islamic education in Indonesia faces fundamental challenges in the contemporary era, particularly criticism that the dominant curriculum is normative and doctrinal in nature, failing to balance cognitive aspects with affective and social aspects. Manifestations of this failure include a crisis of character, a decline in the ethos of mutual cooperation, and continuing social inequality. The renewal of Islamic Religious Education must have a strong and contextual philosophical foundation, which in the Indonesian context is offered by Nusantara Philosophy. Nusantara Philosophy, as a post-colonial project that reflects subaltern identity, demands that Islamic Religious Education serve the interests of the oppressed and reject the dualism of theory and practice. This study proposes the integration of Tan Malaka's People's Pedagogy, which has historically proven to be emancipatory, as the operational methodological framework of Nusantara Philosophy. Tan Malaka's People's Pedagogy, although based on Anti-Mystification Materialism, is strongly rooted in Islam as an anti-caste and anti-oppression movement. Its main objectives are liberation from ignorance and oppression, and the formation of agents of social change (Kaum Kromo) through an emphasis on practical skills and collectivity. The key synthesis of the integration of Tan Malaka's People's Pedagogy with the principle of Tawhid (Oneness) results in Transformative Islamic Religious Education, which operationalises Nusantara Philosophy. Transformative Islamic Religious Education emphasises the dialogical and problem-posing methods characteristic of critical pedagogy, as well as the reform of evaluation towards measuring social benefit. This study uses Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to analyse literature, resulting in the formulation of a Transformative Islamic Religious Education model that transforms the role of Islamic Religious Education teachers into emancipatory facilitators, demands curriculum harmonisation, and positions evaluation on the process and social impact, so that Islamic Religious Education becomes a true instrument for social emancipation and the achievement of national dignity.
Post-Positivism and the Tripartite Epistemology of Islamic Knowledge: Toward an Alternative Paradigm of Science Nasution, Soibatul Aslamiah; Ahida, Ridha; Gucandra, Yudi
El-Rusyd Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Tarbiyah (STIT) Ahlussunnah Bukittinggi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58485/elrusyd.v10i2.549

Abstract

This study examines the epistemological crisis of modern science resulting from the dominance of Western positivism, which tends to separate scientific inquiry from transcendental values. The hegemony of rationalism and empiricism has marginalized spiritual dimensions in knowledge production, leading to epistemic reductionism. Drawing on post-positivist perspectives, particularly the works of Thomas S. Kuhn and Paul Feyer bend, this study explores the relevance of Islamic epistemology as an alternative framework. Using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of philosophical and Islamic epistemology literature published between 2020 and 2025, the analysis employs philosophical hermeneutics to examine points of conceptual convergence. The findings reveal a philosophical alignment between post-positivist critiques of rational-empirical dominance and the pluralistic epistemological structure of Islamic knowledge, grounded in Bayani (revelation), Burhani (reason), and Irfani (intuition). This synthesis is further articulated through the integration of Al-Attas’s emphasis on metaphysics and adab and Al-Faruqi’s focus on methodological and curricular reconstruction. The study argues that the tripartite Islamic epistemological framework offers a viable alternative paradigm for addressing the reductionism of modern science. However, further empirical studies are required to assess the applicability of this integrative model within Islamic higher education contexts.
Co-Authors Armedo, Muhammad Betry, Betry Budi Harto Charles Charles Dasopang, Helmi Rostiana Dertha Mukhtar Dwi Budi Santoso Gucandra, Yudi Gusli, Ramadhoni Aulia Harbes, Beni Hardi Putra Wirman, Hardi Putra Hayat, Ade Putra Hendri, Novi Iswantir M Khamim, Siti Mardhatillah, Aufatus Syakira Muslimah Muslimah Mustaqim Mustaqim, Mustaqim Muyassaroh, Iffah Khoiriyatul Nasution, Soibatul Aslamiah Nuryanti Nuryanti Putra, Apria Putri Adona Salsabila, Sarah Silfia Hanani Siregar, Nuryanti Susanti, Riri Wedra Aprison Yaldi, Yusri Yanti, Herina Yasmansyah, Yasmansyah Yetri Hasan Zulfani Sesmiarni