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Studi Komparatif Kebijakan Luar Negeri Indonesia Bebas-Aktif dan Lebih Dekat ke Salah Satu Blok, Mana Yang Lebih Menguntungkan Kepentingan Nasional Indonesia? Syahdami, Syahdami; Rofii, Muhammad Syaroni, Mr.
Jurnal Kajian Stratejik Ketahanan Nasional Vol. 5, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Since independence, Indonesia's foreign policy has always changed. Although the doctrine of a free and active foreign policy that was first coined by the proclaimer Mohammad Hatta in 1948 has never changed, its practice depends on the approaches and interpretations taken by the ruling leaders. The old order leaned towards the eastern bloc, the new order tilted towards the western bloc, and the reform order was in a dilemma due to various domestic and international factors. Of the various political choices that have been made by the Indonesian authorities, which one is more beneficial to Indonesia's own national interests. This is the main concern of this article. Keywords: free-active foreign policy, old order, new order, reform, national interest
ANALYSIS OF THE END OF THE KURDISTAN PARTIYA KARKERÊN TERRORIST ORGANIZATION IN TURKEY Pradnyana, I Putu Hadi; Rofii, Muhammad Syaroni
Journal of Terrorism Studies Vol. 2, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

This paper analyzes the end of the Partiya Karkerên Kurdistan (PKK) in Turkey. The PKK is a terrorist organization based on the aim of separatism from Turkey. Since its founding in 1978 until now, various acts of terror have been carried out by the PKK and Turkish authorities view the PKK as the most dangerous terrorist organization in its territory. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative. Politicization factors are the main variable in analyzing the end of the PKK in Turkey. The result of the analysis is that the PKK will soon end through constitutional agreements through Kurdish representatives in the Turkish parliament which were won by HDP, a pro-Kurdish political party. HDP's success as the first pro-Kurdish party to enter the Turkish parliament even broke the 10% threshold, becoming an important momentum for the PKK and the Turkish government to conduct constitutional negotiations. Keywords: terrorism organizations, Partiya Karkerên Kurdistan (PKK), Turkey, politicization.
Dampak Geopolitik dari Pengembangan Energi Nuklir di Negara-Negara Berkembang Faishal, Faiq; Rofii, Muhammad Syaroni
Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai Vol. 7 No. 3 (2023): Desember 2023
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai, Riau, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jptam.v7i3.11602

Abstract

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melihat apa dampak dari energi nuklir terhadap geopolitik di negara-negara berkembang. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis sintesis dengan kajian pustaka secara sistematis dari data yang didapatkan melalui Google Scholar. Penelitian ini kemudian membuat tinjauan atau kesimpulan berdasarkan 15 penelitian terdahulu yang membahas mengenai dampak dari energi nuklir terhadap geopolitik di negara-negara berkembang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa energi nuklir memberikan dampak geopolitik di negara-negara berkembang. Berbagai pertimbangan seperti diversifikasi energi dan penguatan geopolitik suatu negara di kawasan mendorong India, China, dan UAE untuk menggunakan energi nuklir sebagai sumber energi. Namun, diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk melihat aspek-aspek geopolitik secara komprehensif untuk melihat dampak dari penggunaan energi nuklir tersebut.
Indonesian Travel Documents and the ICAO Document 9303: Principles, Security, Technology, and Infrastructure Nurkumalawati, Intan; Zulfa, Eva Achjani; Rofii, Muhammad Syaroni
Jurnal Ilmiah Kebijakan Hukum Vol 18, No 1 (2024): March Edition
Publisher : Law and Human Rights Research and Development Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30641/kebijakan.2024.V18.29-48

Abstract

The issuance, printing, production, and distribution standards of Indonesian travel documents refer to international standards of travel documents and the Regulation of Minister of Law and Human Rights. However, significant issues have risen that the Indonesian passport holders without the bearer’s signature who applied for German visa were rejected by the Embassy of Federal Republic of Germany in Jakarta. Besides, the stolen and lost Indonesian Passport policy is fragmented between the Indonesian National Police, Immigration offices and the Interpol. Using the document analysis and policy evaluation, this paper investigates the issuance standards of Indonesian travel documents under the ICAO Document 9303 about Travel Documents and the policy and management of the stolen and lost Indonesian travel documents. This study shows the Indonesian travel documents have not fully complied with the ICAO Doc 9303 in which the bearer’s signature is a compulsory either in the biodata page or in additional pages. Data of stolen and lost Indonesian Passport have not been recorded in the Interpol Stolen and Lost Travel Documents (SLTD) database. We propose the infrastructure of the security, cooperation, and management of the SLTD, and all Indonesian travel documents must be redesigned and equipped with the chip features.
Bank Kalbar's Educational Programs for MSME Revitalization and Community Economic Development Haryono, Didi; Somantri, Gumilar Rusliwa; Gafur, Hanif Saha; Rofii, Muhammad Syaroni; Hidayati, Ajeng
Nomico Vol. 1 No. 5 (2024): Nomico-June
Publisher : PT. Anagata Sembagi Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62872/sjpxb984

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Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are crucial to Indonesia's economy, contributing approximately 60.5% to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and employing about 96.9% of the national workforce. Despite the large number of MSMEs and their potential GDP contribution, there is still room for improvement in exports. The government has taken various measures to support MSME development, including policies that encourage digital business growth and education-based training for MSMEs. In West Kalimantan Province (Kalbar), MSMEs play a vital role in regional economic development. Despite their potential, they face several challenges such as access to capital, financial management, and market access. The regional government and the Bank of West Kalimantan have collaborated to revitalize MSMEs post-COVID-19 through various programs, credit schemes, and educational initiatives or training sessions. This study employs both qualitative and quantitative methods with a case study approach. The research results indicate that MSMEs significantly contribute to West Kalimantan's economic development, despite being impacted by the pandemic. The internal and external revitalization strategies implemented by Bank Kalbar have assisted MSMEs in recovery and adapting to digital-based business models. The study concludes that MSMEs in West Kalimantan have the potential to continue growing and thriving as independent economic entities in a digital-based business environment. The revitalization of MSMEs is a result of collaboration between MSME actors, the government, and banking institutions to achieve regional economic stability and recovery.
MICE dan Non-MICE dalam rangka menetapkan strategi event management Vivi Tri Handayani; Muhammad Syaroni Rofii; Alfin Reza Syahputra
JPPI (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia) Vol 9, No 4 (2023): JPPI (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia)
Publisher : Indonesian Institute for Counseling, Education and Theraphy (IICET)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29210/020232307

Abstract

Procurement of events or what is commonly referred to as events is something that is very common at this time. Events have various purposes and also have various procurement scales. Some events are known to fail in their implementation and even cause riots. This can happen due to a lack of attention to event management. Event management will be easier to do by classifying events. The classification of events that are well known in the event business world are MICE events and non-MICE events. MICE events include meetings, incentive trips, conferences and exhibitions. Non-MICE events consist of festivals, sports tourism, celebrations and parties. Broadly speaking, event management consists of 5 stages, including: research, design, planning, coordination, and evaluation. However, each event characteristic has a different treatment of these 5 things. The purpose of this study is to examine the concept of events and efforts to avoid event failures due to a lack of understanding of events. The study used a descriptive qualitative method with a literature review approach in which a conceptual study was carried out regarding each event to find an appropriate formulation of the event concept for each class. This research results that the failure of an event can have a serious impact such as the occurrence of riots where one of them occurred in Indonesia, event failures can also raise their own fear of customer disappointment. Both MICE events and non-MICE events must pay attention to their characteristics and important points such as location, room, event concept, event protocol, participants, event scale and so on. It can be concluded that knowing the characteristics of an event can make it easier to develop event concepts and carry out event management both at the pre-event, during the event, and after the event.
Interaksi Dinamis antara Demokrasi dan Pembangunan Ekonomi: Studi Komparatif Lintas Negara Maurits Richard J.; Muhammad Syaroni Rofii
J-CEKI : Jurnal Cendekia Ilmiah Vol. 4 No. 1: Desember 2024
Publisher : CV. ULIL ALBAB CORP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56799/jceki.v4i1.5956

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi interaksi dinamis antara demokrasi dan pembangunan ekonomi melalui studi komparatif lintas negara. Dalam konteks global yang terus berubah, hubungan antara institusi politik dan pertumbuhan ekonomi semakin kompleks dan memerlukan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam. Dengan menggunakan metode Kualitatif Comparative Analysis (QCA), penelitian ini menganalisis berbagai negara demokratis, seperti Amerika Serikat dan negara-negara Eropa, serta negara-negara otoriter seperti China, untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kinerja ekonomi masing-masing. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan institusi demokratis yang kuat, partisipasi masyarakat, dan perlindungan hak asasi manusia berkontribusi signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di negara-negara demokratis. Sementara itu, di negara-negara otoriter, meskipun pertumbuhan ekonomi yang pesat sering kali dicapai melalui kontrol politik yang ketat, tantangan terkait ketimpangan sosial tetap menjadi masalah. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pemahaman yang kontekstual dan nuansir mengenai hubungan antara demokrasi dan pembangunan ekonomi adalah kunci untuk mengembangkan kebijakan yang dapat menciptakan pertumbuhan ekonomi yang inklusif dan berkelanjutan di seluruh dunia.
PERAN DRONE MILITER DALAM MENGUBAH STRATEGI PERANG MODERN: STUDI KASUS PERANG UKRAINA-RUSIA DAN PERANG ARMENIA-AZERBAIJAN Rofii, Muhammad Syaroni
Dinamika Global : Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 10 No 1 (2025): Dinamika Global : Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Ahmad Yani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36859/jdg.v10i1.3483

Abstract

Drones have transformed into a critical variable in modern warfare.
As a weapon, drones possess the capability to support the success of military operations and even win wars, whether for offensive or defensive purposes. Using a qualitative research method, this study seeks to explain the role of drones in modern battlefields by examining the case studies of the Azerbaijan-Armenia War in 2020 and the Russia-Ukraine War from 2022 to 2024. These cases illustrate how drones have played a key role in reconnaissance and attacks. This study also concludes that amidst the ongoing military conflicts, drones have sparked debates among state leaders and experts regarding their excessive use, as drones are often misused, violating the concept of just war. Furthermore, the use of drones by various countries for both civilian and military purposes has prompted technology manufacturers to offer new products that are believed to provide solutions for military operations as well as civilian needs.
The Role of Immigration Technical Staff For The Service and Protection of Indonesian Citizens at The Indonesian Consulate General In Johor Bahru Ilyandi, Rendy; Rofii, Muhammad Syaroni
Journal of Social Research Vol. 4 No. 6 (2025): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v4i6.2532

Abstract

This study aims to examine the role of Immigration Technical Staff in providing services and protection for Indonesian citizens (WNI) within the jurisdiction of the Consulate General of the Republic of Indonesia (KJRI) in Johor Bahru. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach and case study method, this research analyzes various immigration services, including passport issuance, Travel Document in Lieu of Passport (SPLP), visas, dual citizenship affidavits, and citizenship renunciation documents. Additionally, it investigates the protective functions for problematic Indonesian nationals, such as those facing deportation, overstaying, neglect, and legal violations. The findings indicate that Immigration Technical Staff not only fulfill administrative duties but also act as state representatives in implementing protection diplomacy and strengthening both individual and national resilience. Within the theoretical framework of law, individual resilience, national resilience, and protection, the presence of Immigration Technical Staff is a tangible manifestation of the state's responsibility to its citizens abroad.
The Strategic Role of the National Cyber and Crypto Agency (BSSN) in Maintaining State Sovereignty in Cyberspace Aji, Muhammad Prakoso; Somantri, Gumilar Rusliwa; Rofii, Muhammad Syaroni
Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities Vol. 5 No. 5 (2025): (JLPH) Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities
Publisher : Dinasti Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jlph.v5i5.1973

Abstract

The development of technology places data in cyberspace as a very valuable commodity. In the political aspect, seeing data sovereignty is a fundamental foundation in realizing state sovereignty in cyberspace. A country's data sovereignty is faced with the position of the state with the private sector in a global context. Cybersecurity systems and data sovereignty are inseparable in achieving state sovereignty in cyberspace. The main role of the state is to realize protection and maintain data security in national cyberspace. In 2017, the Government established the National Cyber and Crypto Agency (BSSN) which is a transformation of the National Crypto Agency which was combined with several other government agency work units related to cybersecurity. The presence of BSSN provides a very strategic key role in maintaining state sovereignty in cyberspace. This is in line with global challenges where cyber attacks and data leaks are increasingly rampant in Indonesia. For this reason, this study will explain the strategic role of BSSN in maintaining data sovereignty in order to realize state sovereignty in cyberspace. The author uses state theory and the concept of data sovereignty in analyzing this. The author uses qualitative methods to collect data through various literature studies, such as: books, journal articles, and other reference sources. The results of the study show that BSSN is a representation of the state's presence in maintaining the sovereignty of national cyberspace. This can be seen from the increase in Indonesia's cybersecurity index on a global scale which reflects an increase in national cybersecurity capabilities