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The Effect of Heavy Pruning and Organic Fertilizer to Biomass and Flavonoid Production Orange Jessmine Leaves at the First and Second Harvest Eman Ayu Sasmita Jati, Gusti; Arifin Aziz, Sandra; Melati, Maya
Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia (JHI) Vol. 10 No. 2 (2019): Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Horticulture / Department of Agronomy and Horticulture

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (301.409 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/jhi.10.2.135-144

Abstract

Pemanenan kemuning (Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack.), dengan cara pangkas di ketinggian yang sama terus-menerus dapat menyebabkan penurunan produksi. Penerapan pangkas berat terhadap tanaman kemuning belum pernah dilaporkan sebelumnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan ketinggian pangkas dan dosis pupuk yang sesuai untuk mempertahankan atau meningkatkan produksi daun kemuning dan flavonoid. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Juli 2015 sampai Juli 2016. Percobaan dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Organik Institut Pertanian Bogor di Cikarawang, Bogor. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan dua faktor dan empat ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah tinggi pemangkasan yang terdiri atas 45, 60 dan 75 cm di atas permukaan tanah. Ketinggian 75 cm didesain sebagai kontrol. Faktor kedua adalah kombinasi dosis pupuk kandang ayam (PA) dan abu sekam (AS), yaitu: tanpa pupuk (kontrol), 7 kg PA + 3 kg AS, dan 14 kg PA + 6 kg AS per tanaman per tahun. Panen dilakukan dua kali dengan interval empat bulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketinggian pangkas 60 cm di atas permukaan tanah merupakan pemangkasan berat terbaik untuk pertumbuhan, produksi, dan produksi total flavonoid daun tanaman kemuning yang berusia 45-57 bulan setelah tanam (BST) setelah 4-6 kali panen, sementara perlakuan pemupukan tidak memberikan hasil yang berbeda nyata. Kata kunci: abu sekam, kandungan pigmen, pupuk kandang ayam, tinggi pangkasan
GROWTH AND YIELD OF ORGANIC RICE WITH COW MANURE APPLICATION IN THE FIRST CROPPING SEASON Sudarsono, Wahyu Arif; Melati, Maya; Aziz, Sandra Arifin
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 36, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v36i1.334

Abstract

The study was addressed to investigating the effect of cow manure application rate on organic rice growth and yield in the first cropping season. The study was conducted from January to April 2012 in Blora, Central Java, Indonesia. The experiment was arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design, consisting of four treatments and four replications. There were two types of control treatments i.e. organic fertilizer treatments (statistically analyzed) and conventional fertilizer (not statistically analyzed). The treatments were corn biomass, corn biomass+cow manure (7.5 tons ha-1), corn biomass+cow manure (10 tons ha-1) and cow manure (10 tons ha-1) with square spacing of 20 cm x 20 cm. The organic control treatments were corn biomass+sheep manure (7.5 tons ha-1) with spacing of 20 cm x 20 cm and corn biomass+cow manure (7.5 tons ha-1) with double-row spacing of 40 cm x 25 cm x 15 cm. For every treatment, the rate of corn biomass was 3 tons ha-1. All organic treatments were also added with 3 tons rice hull ash ha-1. The application of cow manure (10 tons ha-1) with square spacing or corn biomass+cow manure (7.5 tons ha-1) with double-row spacing resulted in better performance than those of other treatments.Keywords: corn biomass, grumosol, organic farming, rice hull ash, sheep manure
Effect of Light Intensities and Nitrogen Fertilizer Dosages on Growth, Phenolics, and Flavonoid Production of Adenostemma lavenia Shafira, Anisya Elsa; Aziz, Sandra Arifin; Farid, Muhammad; Ridwan, Taopik; Batubara, Irmanida
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol. 13 No. 1 (2024): March 2024
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v13i1.114-123

Abstract

Adenostemma lavenia (Asteraceae) is a medicinal plant considered a weed, consisted a lot of secondary metabolites, including phenolic and flavonoid. This species has been widely distributed in various countries but has yet to be widely cultivated. Thus, this study aimed to determine the highest plant growth, phenolic, and flavonoid production from A. lavenia cultivated under different shade of nitrogen fertilizers. The experiment used a nested design consisting of 2 factors. The first factor was shade with different intensities (0, 25, 50, and 75%) and the second was nitrogen fertilizer with different doses (0, 45, and 90 kg/ha). The highest plant was achieved at 50% shade level, while the highest leaf number and branch were 25% and 0%, respectively. Leaf thickness and stomata number increased in no-shade conditions. The production of phenolics and flavonoids was high under shaded conditions, supported by significantly high phenolics and flavonoid total under shade conditions, i.e., 35.94 mol gallic acid equivalent/plant and 21.76 mol quercetin equivalent/plant, respectively. A 90 kg/ha nitrogen fertilizer dose produced the best plant growth, phenolic, and flavonoid production. Keywords: Asteraceae, Heatmap, Nested design, Shade.
PHENOLIC AND FLAVONOID PRODUCTION, PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILE, AND ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY OF Adenostemma platyphyllum AT DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF HYDROPONIC SOLUTIONS : Produksi Fenolik dan Flavonoid, Profil Fitokimia, dan Kapasitas Antioksidan Adenostemma platyphyllum pada Konsentrasi Larutan Hara Hidroponik Berbeda Tamsin, Aqlia Hanna Nurfatiha; Batubara, Irmanida; Ridwan, Taopik; Trivadila; Aziz, Sandra Arifin
Jurnal Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 1 (2023): July 2023
Publisher : Universitas Tidar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31002/jtoi.v16i1.552

Abstract

Adenostemma platyphyllum is considered a weed with various benefits but has not been widely cultivated. This work aims to obtain the optimum concentration of a nutrient solution (AB-mix) to produce optimum phenolic and flavonoid levels, antioxidant capacity and metabolite profiling in A. platyphyllum using a hydroponic wick system. Different AB-mix nutrient solution concentrations were employed in a one-factor randomized block design. The highest total phenolic, flavonoid concentrations and antioxidant capacity were found in plants without additional nutrient solutions. However, the highest phenolic and flavonoid productivity was found in plants with a nutrient solution concentration of 1100 mg/L. The phenolic/flavonoid group compounds were successfully identified by separating the components using thin-layer chromatography. The intensity of the bands produced from each treatment was quite varied. The untreated plant produced thicker phenolic/flavonoid bands than the other treatments. This was supported by the heatmap pattern produced by the untreated ones, which had high color intensity. Therefore, the optimum concentration of nutrient solution to produce optimum phenolic, flavonoid levels, and antioxidant capacity in A. platyphyllum cultivation by hydroponic wick system was the concentration of 1100 mg/L.
Plant Growth and Morphological Characters of Sonchus arvensis L. from Different Chicken Manure Rates and Harvest Intervals with Ratooning Practices Melati, Maya; Ari, Ahmad Nur Hidayat Gena; Aziz, Sandra Arifin
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 8 No. 02 (2021): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.8.02.60-70

Abstract

Sonchus arvensis L., commonly known as perennial sow thistle, field milk thistle, among other names, is a weedy species that has medicinal values. Belongs to the Daisy family (Asteraceae), S. arvensis has a rosette form and it can be harvested more than once. The determination of harvest interval for ratoon of S. arvensis is necessary because ratooning can save time to produce the consecutive plant biomass, but the second harvest must be conducted at the correct time as it will determine the quantity and quality of leaves. As source of herbal medicine, cultivation of S. arvensis with organic fertilizer is preferred, and determination of organic fertilizer rates is also important for ratooning. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the plant growth response and yield with different chicken manure rates and different harvest intervals. The field experiment was conducted at IPB experimental station in Cikarawang, Darmaga Bogor, Indonesia. The study used a randomized complete block design with different manure rates (0, 7, 14, 21 ton.ha-1) and various harvest intervals (6, 8, and 10 weeks after the first harvest) as treatments. The results showed that for the first harvest, the effect of chicken manure rates was linear almost on all variables. For the ratoon (second harvest), manure rate of 14 ton.ha-1 (for first harvest) added with 4 ton.ha-1 (after first harvest) was enough for leaf production. The results indicate that ratoon should be harvested at 10 weeks after the first harvest to obtain the highest yield. The interaction between manure rates and harvest interval was not significant for growth variables of the second harvest.
The Effects of Different Rates of Chicken Manure and Harvest Intervals on the Bioactive Compounds of Bitter Leaf (Vernonia amygdalina Del.) Betty, Betty; Aziz, Sandra Arifin; Suketi, Ketty
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 8 No. 02 (2021): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.8.02.80-88

Abstract

Bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina Del.) is a valuable functional vegetable and traditional medicinal plant in many tropical countries including Indonesia. Bitter leaf is commonly used to remedy hypertension and diabetes among Indonesian people. The leaf extract comprises bioactive compounds such as sesquiterpene lactones, steroid glycosides, and flavonoids. Despite its growing market demand, there is insufficient data on agronomic practice in order to obtain optimum yield with high bioactive compounds. The experimental design used was a randomized complete block design with two factors namely chicken manure rates (0, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 kg per plant) and harvest intervals (2 and 3 months). There was a significant difference in fresh and dry weights of leaves, chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids, nitrogen concentration, anthocyanins, and flavonoids among different manure treatment. The highest concentration and production of bioactive compounds on the bitter leaf was found on the highest treatment of 7.5 kg chicken manure per plant. The harvest interval of three months significantly increased fresh and dry weights of leaves, concentration of anthocyanins, phosphorus, and potassium, uptake of phosphorus and potassium, and production of anthocyanins and flavonoids. Cultivation using chicken manure with frequent period of pruning can enhance the production of biomass as well as secondary metabolites in bitter leaf.
Fruit Scar Incidence and Its Effect on Guava ‘Kristal’ Fruit Quality (Psidium guajava L.) at Low- and Middle-altitude Orchards in Bogor, Indonesia Musyarofah, Neni; Susanto, Slamet; Aziz, Sandra Arifin; Suketi, Ketty; Dadang, Dadang
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 8 No. 02 (2021): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.8.02.101-109

Abstract

Information on scar incidence and its effect on fruit quality of ‘Kristal’ guava (Psidium guajava L.) grown on different altitudes is currently limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the fruit scar incidence and fruit quality of 'Kristal' guava var. grown on low- and middle-altitude orchards. The research was conducted by collecting 50 samples of fruit harvested from each orchard from January to June 2019. Fruit quality evaluation was carried out at Postharvest Laboratory, Department of the Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University, whereas scarring pest observation was conducted at Insect Biosystematics Laboratory, Department of Plant Protection, IPB University. Our results showed that the low-altitude orchard produced more fruits with medium, high, and very high scar intensity, while the middle-altitude orchard produced more fruits with low and very low scar intensity. Fruit scar was caused by fruit scarring pests, especially thrips and mites. Fruit tissue damage only occurred on the epidermis of fruit pericarps where the tissue turned brownish and thickened. Additionally, there was no expansion of the damage into the pulp. The peel damage did not affect the fruit taste as indicated in the level of total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), TSS/TA ratio, vitamin C, and total flavonoids content. Fruit external quality was varied in response to altitude, where middle-altitude orchard produced a heavier, a bigger and a lower fruit softness than low-altitude ones. Present findings could be the baseline information for determine the best growth site and adjustment of pest control to maintain fruit quality.
Growth and Total Flavonoid of Three Celery (Apium graveolens L.) Varieties in Shaded Environments in The Tropical Lowland Sari, Galuh Yunita; Aziz, Sandra Arifin; Kurniawati, Ani
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 9 No. 03 (2022): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.9.03.193-198

Abstract

Celery is an introduced species of family Apiaceae from the subtropical areas. Celery leaves and stalks contain vitamins, phenolic compounds, essential oils, and other nutrients that have been used in the foods, cosmetics, and herbal industries. Shading can create a better environment for varieties adapted to the highlands to succeed to grown in the lowlands. However, the changes in the growing environment including light and temperatures might affect the flavonoid production. This study aimed to determine the growth and production of flavonoids of the highland celery varieties in the lowlands when treated with various level of shades, i.e. without shade/control, 50% shade, and 70% shade. The study used “Aroma”, a celery variety adapted to the highland, and “Summer Green”, a variety adapted to the lowland. Increases in the shade levels decrease air temperature, increases air humidity, and significantly improved the growth and production of the three celery varieties in terms of plant height, leaflets number except for the “Aroma” variety; increased leaf area, stem diameter, tiller number, crown diameter, total wet weight, total dry weight, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, anthocyanins, plant N (Nitrogen), P (Phosphor), K (Potassium), and total flavonoids. “Amigo” exposed to 50% shade had significantly higher flavonoids than “Aroma”. Providing shades to “Summer Green” resulted in the lower levels of flavonoids compared to without shading.
Enhancing Leaf Flavonoid Production in Indian Camphorweed (Pluchea indica Less.) through the Provision of Chicken Manure Indriani, Yulia; Aziz, Sandra Arifin; Melati, Maya
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 11 No. 01 (2024): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.11.01.55-63

Abstract

Indian camphorweed (Pluchea indica Less.) leaves exhibit antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities, indicating significant potential for the pharmaceutical industry. This research aimed to determine the optimal rates of chicken manure for enhancing leaf and total flavonoid production in Pluchea indica. The study took place at the IPB Experimental Station in Bogor, Indonesia,spanning from July to October 2023. A completely randomized block design with a single factor (chicken manure doses) was employed: 0, 2.5, 5, or 7.5 kg per plant. Each treatment comprised three replications, each consisting of 20 plants. The results revealed that the application of chicken manure at 2.5 kg per plant led to significantly taller plants, more leaves, and tertiary branches compared to the control group. Specifically, the 2.5 kg dosage significantly increased the nitrogen content of the 7th leaf and the potassium content of the 3rd leaf. Meanwhile, the application of 5 kg of chicken manure per plant significantly boosted phosphorus content in the 3rd and 7th leaves and potassium content in the 5th and 7th leaves. However, no significant differences were observed in total flavonoid and antioxidant activity across all leaf positions with chicken manure application. Plants receiving 5 kg of manure demonstrated the highest fresh leaf weight (81.64 g) and dry weight (38.27 g), which were significantly greater than those receiving 2.5 kg per plant or no manure. Despite these variations, flavonoid production per plant did not show a significant difference with manure application.
Twice Applications of Laying Hens Manure Produced the Highest Yield of Organic Okra Pods (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench.) Fhonna, Tasya Nurizki; Melati, Maya; Aziz, Sandra Arifin
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 10 No. 03 (2023): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.10.03.176-185

Abstract

The optimal okra cultivation using organic fertilizers remains a subject of limited information. This study aimed to assess the impact of applying 18 t.ha-1 of laying hens' organic fertilizer on the morphological and physiological traits of the "Naila IPB" green okra variety. The study was conducted between September and December 2022 at the IPB organic experimental field at Cikarawang, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. A randomized complete block design with a single factor namely frequency of organic fertilizer application, was employed. The factor consisted of four levels: no organic fertilization, 1-, 2-, and 3-times applications. The results demonstrated that a single application of organic fertilizer led to an increase in plant height at 5, 7, and 9 weeks after planting (WAP), leaf number at 5 WAP, root dry weight at 4 WAP, stem dry weight at 10 WAP, and an acceleration in the onset of flowering. This resulted in a flowering period lasting 29.6 days, with a total flowering duration of 69.33 days. In contrast, a two-times application of organic fertilizer resulted in elevated plant height at 11 WAP, an increased leaf number at 11 WAP, heightened leaf potassium content, a greater number of pods per plant, and a higher yield of young pod okra. These findings contribute to our understanding of the effects of organic fertilizer application frequency on the growth and yield of young pod okra, aiding in the formulation of improved cultivation strategies.
Co-Authors , Adiwirman , Nazi , Nirwan ,, Herlina . Herlina . TRIVADILA A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Abdul Munif Agus Yudhi Pardiyanto Andika Akbarul Iman Andria Afrida Anggia Murni Ani Kurniawati Anisya Elsa Shafira Ari, Ahmad Nur Hidayat Gena Arista, Nor Isnaeni Dwi Atang Sutandi Auliya Ilmiawati Ayunina, Krisetya Azmi, Tubagus Kiki Kawakibi Bayuanggara Cahya Ramadhan betty betty Betty Tjhia BUDI MARTONO DADANG DADANG Danar Hadisugelar Dewi Sukma Dhedy Kristanto Didy Sopandie Diny Dinarti DINY DINARTY, DINY Dyah Iswantini Edi Santosa Ekawati, Rina Eman Ayu Sasmita Jati, Gusti Fajar Pangestu Fauziah, Ni'mah Fhonna, Tasya Nurizki Giyanto, dan Gusmaini Gusmaini GUSMAINI GUSMAINI GUSMAINI GUSMAINI, GUSMAINI Haridjaja, Oteng Herlina, NFN Hesti Pujiwati Hesti Pujiwati Hilda Susanti Hilda Susanti I Ketut Suada Ina Kusheryani Ira Fauziah Noer Irmanida Batubara Ismail Saleh Ismail Saleh Ismiyanti, Ismiyanti Isna Tustiyani Isna Tustiyani Jamil, Anna Moslihat Kailola, Joan Joulanda Grace Karimuna, Siti Rahmah Ketty Suketi Krisetya Ayunina Kurniawati, Ari Kurniawati, Ari LATIFAH K. DARUSMAN Leo Mualim M. Rafi MADE ASTAWAN Manalu, Johanes Marojahan MARIA BINTANG Maya Melati Ma’rufah, Siti Hilda Meity Suradji Sinaga Miftahudin . Mohamad Rafi Mufa'adi, Ardianto Muhamad Syukur Muhammad Farid Muhammad Farid Muhammad Syukur Munawaroh, Nafi'atul Munif Ghulamahdi Mustika Tripatmasari Tripatmasari Nafi'atul Munawaroh Neni Musyarofah NFN Herlina Ni'mah Fauziah Noer, Ira Fauziah Nur Faridah, dan Didah Nuri Andarwulan Nurliani Bermawie Nurliani Bermawie NURLIANI BERMAWIE NURLIANI BERMAWIE Nurwita Dewi Oteng Haridjaja Parwito Pebra Heriansyah Purwono Purwono, Purwono Purwono, dan Putri, Astrid Aditya Putri, Fiadini Rahmi Taufika Ramadhan, Bayuanggara Cahya Ramadhani, Elrisa Rasmani, Rasmani Ray March Syahadat Refa Firgiyanto Respita, Intan Annisa rina ekawati Rizva, Dian Novira Sari, Galuh Yunita Shafira, Anisya Elsa Siti Hilda Ma’rufah Siti Maryam Harahap Siti Maryam Harahap Siti Sadiah Slamet Susanto Sri Astuti Rais Stefani Daryanto Sudirman Yahya Sudirman Yahya Tamsin, Aqlia Hanna Nurfatiha Taopik Ridwan Taopik Ridwan Tatik Raisawati Toyip Toyip Tutik Wresdiyati Wahyu Arif Sudarsono Wahyu Arif Sudarsono Waras Nurcholis Wardani, Eska Ayu Winarso D. Widodo Yudiansyah Yudiansyah Yulia Indriani