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PENGARUH PERIODE PENCAHAYAAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN, HASIL DAN KOMPONEN MINYAK TANAMAN MENTHA (Mentha piperita L.) ROSIHAN ROSMAN; SRI SETYATI HARJADI; SUGENG SUDIATSO; SUDIRMAN YAHYA; BAMBANG SAPTA PURWOKO; nFN CHAIRUL
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 10, No 1 (2004): Maret 2004
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v10n1.2004.12-20

Penelitian yang betujuan mcngkaji pengaruh periode pcncahayaan terhadap petumbuhan, hasil dan komponen minyak tanaman M. piperita L, telah dilakukan di Instalasi Penelitian Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, Lembang, Jawa Barat, dai bulan Januari 2000 hingga Juli 2000. Penelitian dilakukan dua tahap. Tahap pertama membuat variasi lingkungan cahaya dan tahap kedua penyulingan dan analisis komponen minyak dengan kromatograi gas spektrometer massa. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok 5 perlakuan, yaitu I^> (panjang hari normal sebagai kontrol), L, (pemutusan periode gelap 1 jam, pukul 21.00-22.00 mulai umur 30 hari), Lj (pemutusan peiode gelap 1 jam, pukul 21.00-22.00 mulai umur 60 hai), Lj (penambahan cahaya 4 jam, pukul 18.00-22.00 mulai umur 30 hai), dan U (penambahan cahaya 4 jam, pukul 18.00-22.00 mulai umur 60 hari). Hasil penelitian menunjuk¬ kan bahwa perubahan lingkungan mengubah fcnologi tanaman M. piperita L, meliputi petumbuhan vegetatif dan reproduktif, yang selanjutnya mempengaruhi sintesis menthol. Penambahan cahaya 4 jam mulai umur 30 hari setelah tanam (Li) memberikan petumbuhan vegetatif dan reproduktif paling baik, dengan ciri-ciri morfologi tanaman sebagai berikut tanaman berbunga, batang tegak (tidak rebah), tanaman tinggi, diameter batang besar, jumlah ruas banyak, stolon sedikit, jumlah daun banyak dan lebar. Fcnologi tanaman yang mcmiliki petumbuhan vegetatif dan reproduktif yang baik dapat menghasilkan produksi tema dan minyak yang tinggi. Perubahan fcnologi tanaman akibat manipulasi lingkungan mengubah komponen minyak dan mutu menthol. Fcnologi tanaman yang memiliki petumbuhan vegetatif maupun reproduktif yang baik menghasil¬ kan menthol tinggi dan menthofuran rendah. Penambahan cahaya 4 jam mulai umur 30 hari setelah tanam menghasilkan minyak dengan kadar menthol paling tinggi yaitu 54.89% dan menthofuran paling rendah yaitu 7.83%.Kata kunci: Hasil, komponen, minyak peppermint, Mentha piperita L., peiode pcncahayaan ABSTRACTEffect ofphotoperiod on the growth, yield and component ofpeppermint oilResearch on the effect of photoperiod on the growth, yield and component of peppermints oil of M. piperita, was carried out in the expeimental garden of the Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops, Lembang West Java, from January to July, 2000. The study was conducted in two steps, i.e. The irst step was manipulation of photo peiod using TL lamps and the second step was distillation and analisis of peppermint oil from their products with gas chromatography and mass spectromctry. The experiment used ive treatments, i.e. (1) control or normal light peiod, (2) four hours light supplement at the age of 30 days and 60 days ater planting, and (3) one hour interruption of dark peiod at the age of 30 days and 60 days. The result showed that the changes in light peiod affected the phenology of the crop. Four hours light supplement at the age of 30 days gave the best vegetative and reproductive growth (morphology of Mentha piperita i.e. flowering, erect stem, tall, wide, large stem, more internodes, leafy, and developed only few stolons). This morphology also resulted in the highest resh mateial and oil product. The change of phenology as the effect of light peiode manipulation could change oil component and inally the quality of menthol. Four hours light supplement at 30 days ater planting showed (he highest menthol content (54.89%) and the lowest menthofuran (7.83%).Keywords: Mentha piperita L., component, photoperiod, yield, peppermint oil

PEMILIHAN BATANG BAWAH JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas Linn.) TOLERAN TERHADAP CEKAMAN KEKERINGAN MOHAMMAD CHOLID; HARIYADI HARIYADI; SLAMET SUSANTO; DJUMALI DJUMALI; BAMBANG SAPTA PURWOKO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 20, No 1 (2014): Maret 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v20n1.2014.45-56

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PENGARUH PEMOTONGAN BUNGA, PUCUK DAN PENGHENTIAN PENAMBAHAN CAHAYA PADA TANAMAN MENTHA (Mentha piperita L.) ROSIHAN ROSMAN; SRI SETYATI HARJAD; SUGENG SUDIATSO; SUDIRMAN YAHYA; BAMBANG SAPTA PURWOKO; CHAIRUL CHAIRUL
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 11, No 1 (2005): Maret 2005
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v11n1.2005.7-12

ABSTRAKPenelitian bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh pemotongan bunga, pucukdan penghentian pencahayaan pada tanaman M. piperita L. Penelitiandilakukan di Instalasi Penelitian Lembang, Balai Penelitian TanamanRempah dan Obat, Jawa Barat, dari bulan Januari sampai Juli 2000, dalamdua tahap : tahap pertama membuat variasi lingkungan cahaya dan habitustanaman, dan tahap kedua penyulingan dan analisis komponen minyakdengan kromatografi gas spektrometer massa. Penelitian menggunakantanaman yang tidak berbunga akibat panjang hari normal dan tanamanberbunga akibat penambahan cahaya empat jam, pukul 18.00-22.00 mulaiumur 30 hari. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok 5perlakuan, yaitu B 0 (tanaman berbunga dibiarkan), B 1 (tanaman berbungadipotong bunganya), B 2 (tanaman berbunga diletakkan pada kondisinormal), B 3 (tanaman tidak berbunga dibiarkan), dan B 4 (tanaman tidakberbunga dipotong pucuk). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwapemotongan bunga meningkatkan mentol dan menekan menthofuran.Penghentian penambahan cahaya 4 jam pada tanaman berbungamenjadikan tanaman merunduk, kadar mentol menurun dan menthofuranmeningkat. Pemotongan pucuk dapat menurunkan kandungan mentol danmeningkatkan kandungan menthofuran.Kata kunci : Mentha, Mentha piperita L., pemotongan bunga, pucuk,pencahayaan, kandungan mentol, kandungan menthofuranABSTRACTThe effect of inflorescent pinching , bud pinching, andnormal light period on peppermint (Mentha piperita L)Experiment on the effect of pinching the inflorescent, pinching thebud, and normal light period on peppermint (Mentha piperita L) wascarried out at the experimental garden Lembang of Research Institute forSpice and Medicinal Crops, West Java, from January to July, 2000. Thestudy was conducted with two steps i.e. The first step was manipulation ofphoto period using TL lamps and the second step was distillation andanalisis of peppermint oil from their products with gas chromatographyand mass spectrometry. The experiment, 5 treatments were given i.e.using long day treated plants, 3 treatments are given i.e. control, pinchingthe inflorescent and with holding light supplement (four hours lightsupplement at the age of 30 days), and using control plants, 2 treamentsare given i.e. no pinching and pinching of terminal bud (control or normallight period). The result showed that pinching the inflorescent elevate thementhol and reduce the menthofuran content. Pinching the bud of nonflowering plants can reduce the menthol and increase the menthofurancontent.Key words : Peppermint, Mentha piperita L, inflorescent pinching, bud,pinching, light period, menthol content, menthofuran content

DIVERSITY AND CAPABILITY ANALYSES OF FERTILITY RESTORER GENES OF CYTOPLASMIC MALE STERILE RICE LINES USING SSR Yuni Widyastuti; Muhamad Yunus; Bambang Sapta Purwoko; Satoto Satoto
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 18, No 2 (2017): December 2017
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v18n2.2017.p43-50

Development of hybrid rice depends on the effectivity of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) and restorer (R) lines. The molecular genetic approach is expected to help the breeder in identification of suitable parental lines to hybrid rice improvement. The study aimed to assess genetic relationship among three types of CMS systems (wild abbortive/WA Kalinga and Gambiaca) as female parents and to identify diversity of genes controlling fertility restoration in rice. The study used nine F1 hybrids and F2 populations obtained from the hybridization of three different CMS lines (IR58025A-WA, IR80156A-Kalinga and IR80154A-Gambiaca) with three restorer lines (PK90, PK12 and BP11). Fifteen SSR markers were used to select genomic regions of chromosome 1 and 10 on which Rf3 and Rf4 genes located in the hybrids. The results showed that fertility restoration in CMS-WA and CMS-Gambiaca was governed by two independent and dominant genes (Rf3 and Rf4), while in CMS-Kalinga the fertility restoration was controlled by one single dominant gene. Biological processes occurred in the fertility restoration of the hybrids were the same based on the pollen and spikelet fertilities of F1 hybrids derived from three CMS and R lines, i.e. 76.1–78.3% and 69.1–76.6%, respectively. A restorer line PK12 had a higher capability in fertility restoration than PK90 and BP11. The SSR primers RM490 and RM258 were capable of identifying the Rf3 and Rf4 genes controlled fertility restoration in CMS-WA. The study supports the use of male sterile WA in rice hybridization.

HYBRID AND INBRED RICE VARIETIES HAVING HIGH RATOONING ABILITY IN TIDAL SWAMPLAND Susilawati Susilawati; Bambang Sapta Purwoko
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 19, No 2 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v19n2.2018.p83-89

Tidal swampland in Indonesia is potential for cultivation of inbred and hybrid rice. However, rice cultivation in this land can be done only one time annually. Rice cultivation with ratoon system in this land might increase production from both the main crop and their ratoon. The study aimed to evaluate the ability of hybrid and inbred rice to produce ratoon and their grain yield in the tidal swampland of Central Kalimantan. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with 12 rice varieties as treatments, namely six hybrids (Hipa 3, Hipa 4, Hipa 5, Hipa 6, Maro and Rokan) and six inbreds (Batanghari, Ciherang, IR42, Margasari, Mekongga and Sintanur); replicated three times. Cultivation of the main crop followed the recommendation. At harvest, the main crops were cut at 20 cm from the ground and fertilized with 100 kg ha-1 urea. The results showed that ratoon crops were emerged at 5–6 days after cutting, with 2–4 leaves per panicle and 5.5–26.0 tillers per clump. Average harvesting age of the ratoon was 69 days. Ratoon yield of the hybrids was better than that of the inbreds; the average was 75.2% of the main crops. Based on the criteria of rice yield, three clusters were identified, i.e. high (>2 t ha-1): Hipa 3, Hipa 4, Hipa 5, Maro, Rokan, Ciherang and Sintanur; medium (1–2 t ha-1): Hipa 6, IR42, Margasari and Mekongga, and low, Batanghari. The study suggests that hybrid varieties could be developed in tidal swamplands.

Response of Anther Donor Genotypes (F1) from Indica x Indica Crosses to Rice Anther Culture Iswari Saraswati Dewi; Nuha Hera Putri; Bambang Sapta Purwoko
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 15, No 1 (2019): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v15n1.2019.p45-52

Anther culture is one of the in vitro techniques that can be used to accelerate the obtainment of purelines in the form of dihaploid (DH) plants resulted from androgenesis. The objectives of this research were to study response of anther donor genotypes in rice anther culture of F1 populations derived from indica x indica crosses and obtain spontaneous DH lines to be used further for variety development program. Anther donor plant used for the experiment consisted of four kinds of F1 populations derived from single crosses, i.e. IR85/I-5, BioR-81/I-5, Bio-R81/O18, and BioR-82/O-18. The result indicated that kindy of all F1 plants showed similar response to callus induction, but significatly different responses to plant regeneration. Genotypes of anther donor plants (F1) significantly affected the percentage of calli producing green plantlet, but not significantly affected the percentage of calli producing albino plantlet. Anther culturability of anther donor plants (F1) was relatively high, ranged from 2.0 to 7.0%. A total of 73 first generation of spontaneous DH lines (38.8%) from the grew out green plantlets was obtained from this study. The resulted DH lines are readily available to be selected and be used in rice cultivar development program.

Isolation and Homology Analysis of Alanine Aminotransferase Gene of Barley, Foxtail Millet, Cucumber, and Tomato Atmitri Sisharmini; Aniversari Apriana; Tri Joko Santoso; Bambang Sapta Purwoko; Nurul Khumaida; Kurniawan Rudi Trijatmiko
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 16, No 2 (2020): December
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v16n2.2020.p59-70

Overexpression of alanine aminotransferase (AlaAT) gene can improve nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in plants. The previous isolated AlaAT genes cannot be freely applied to generate NUE plants due to IPR restriction. Therefore, isolation of the gene from targeted monocot and dicot plants is necessary. The objectives of this study were to isolate AlaAT genes from barley, foxtail millet, cucumber, and tomato and analyze their homology to other isolated AlaAT genes in sequence databases (gene bank). Total RNA was isolated from roots of barley, foxtail millet, cucumber, and tomato, and then converted into cDNA using reverse transcription method. The cDNA was then cloned into pGEM®-T Easy plasmid and the verified clones were sequenced. The amino acid sequences were analyzed for their homologies using Clustal Omega software and phylogenetic tree was constructed. The results showed that the amino acids of AlaAT gene from barley was different from AlaAT genes of tomato and cucumber with homology level less than 80%. Phylogenetic tree predicted that AlaAT genes clustered into three groups with AlaAT genes of foxtail millet and barley clustered in one group together with other monocots in group I. AlaAT genes derived from dicots clustered into two groups in which AlaAT gene of tomato clustered in group II, while that of cucumber was in group III. The identity differences of AlaAT gene of tomato and that of cucumber as well as the estimates of the same enzymatic functions can open up enormous opportunities in genetic engineering research for the development of NUE rice.

PENGARUH PEMOTONGAN BUNGA, PUCUK DAN PENGHENTIAN PENAMBAHAN CAHAYA PADA TANAMAN MENTHA (Mentha piperita L.) ROSIHAN ROSMAN; SRI SETYATI HARJAD; SUGENG SUDIATSO; SUDIRMAN YAHYA; BAMBANG SAPTA PURWOKO; CHAIRUL CHAIRUL
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 11, No 1 (2005): Maret 2005
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v11n1.2005.7-12

ABSTRAKPenelitian bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh pemotongan bunga, pucukdan penghentian pencahayaan pada tanaman M. piperita L. Penelitiandilakukan di Instalasi Penelitian Lembang, Balai Penelitian TanamanRempah dan Obat, Jawa Barat, dari bulan Januari sampai Juli 2000, dalamdua tahap : tahap pertama membuat variasi lingkungan cahaya dan habitustanaman, dan tahap kedua penyulingan dan analisis komponen minyakdengan kromatografi gas spektrometer massa. Penelitian menggunakantanaman yang tidak berbunga akibat panjang hari normal dan tanamanberbunga akibat penambahan cahaya empat jam, pukul 18.00-22.00 mulaiumur 30 hari. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok 5perlakuan, yaitu B 0 (tanaman berbunga dibiarkan), B 1 (tanaman berbungadipotong bunganya), B 2 (tanaman berbunga diletakkan pada kondisinormal), B 3 (tanaman tidak berbunga dibiarkan), dan B 4 (tanaman tidakberbunga dipotong pucuk). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwapemotongan bunga meningkatkan mentol dan menekan menthofuran.Penghentian penambahan cahaya 4 jam pada tanaman berbungamenjadikan tanaman merunduk, kadar mentol menurun dan menthofuranmeningkat. Pemotongan pucuk dapat menurunkan kandungan mentol danmeningkatkan kandungan menthofuran.Kata kunci : Mentha, Mentha piperita L., pemotongan bunga, pucuk,pencahayaan, kandungan mentol, kandungan menthofuranABSTRACTThe effect of inflorescent pinching , bud pinching, andnormal light period on peppermint (Mentha piperita L)Experiment on the effect of pinching the inflorescent, pinching thebud, and normal light period on peppermint (Mentha piperita L) wascarried out at the experimental garden Lembang of Research Institute forSpice and Medicinal Crops, West Java, from January to July, 2000. Thestudy was conducted with two steps i.e. The first step was manipulation ofphoto period using TL lamps and the second step was distillation andanalisis of peppermint oil from their products with gas chromatographyand mass spectrometry. The experiment, 5 treatments were given i.e.using long day treated plants, 3 treatments are given i.e. control, pinchingthe inflorescent and with holding light supplement (four hours lightsupplement at the age of 30 days), and using control plants, 2 treamentsare given i.e. no pinching and pinching of terminal bud (control or normallight period). The result showed that pinching the inflorescent elevate thementhol and reduce the menthofuran content. Pinching the bud of nonflowering plants can reduce the menthol and increase the menthofurancontent.Key words : Peppermint, Mentha piperita L, inflorescent pinching, bud,pinching, light period, menthol content, menthofuran content

PENGARUH PERIODE PENCAHAYAAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN, HASIL DAN KOMPONEN MINYAK TANAMAN MENTHA (Mentha piperita L.) ROSIHAN ROSMAN; SRI SETYATI HARJADI; SUGENG SUDIATSO; SUDIRMAN YAHYA; BAMBANG SAPTA PURWOKO; nFN CHAIRUL
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 10, No 1 (2004): Maret 2004
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v10n1.2004.12-20

Penelitian yang betujuan mcngkaji pengaruh periode pcncahayaan terhadap petumbuhan, hasil dan komponen minyak tanaman M. piperita L, telah dilakukan di Instalasi Penelitian Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, Lembang, Jawa Barat, dai bulan Januari 2000 hingga Juli 2000. Penelitian dilakukan dua tahap. Tahap pertama membuat variasi lingkungan cahaya dan tahap kedua penyulingan dan analisis komponen minyak dengan kromatograi gas spektrometer massa. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok 5 perlakuan, yaitu I^> (panjang hari normal sebagai kontrol), L, (pemutusan periode gelap 1 jam, pukul 21.00-22.00 mulai umur 30 hari), Lj (pemutusan peiode gelap 1 jam, pukul 21.00-22.00 mulai umur 60 hai), Lj (penambahan cahaya 4 jam, pukul 18.00-22.00 mulai umur 30 hai), dan U (penambahan cahaya 4 jam, pukul 18.00-22.00 mulai umur 60 hari). Hasil penelitian menunjuk¬ kan bahwa perubahan lingkungan mengubah fcnologi tanaman M. piperita L, meliputi petumbuhan vegetatif dan reproduktif, yang selanjutnya mempengaruhi sintesis menthol. Penambahan cahaya 4 jam mulai umur 30 hari setelah tanam (Li) memberikan petumbuhan vegetatif dan reproduktif paling baik, dengan ciri-ciri morfologi tanaman sebagai berikut tanaman berbunga, batang tegak (tidak rebah), tanaman tinggi, diameter batang besar, jumlah ruas banyak, stolon sedikit, jumlah daun banyak dan lebar. Fcnologi tanaman yang mcmiliki petumbuhan vegetatif dan reproduktif yang baik dapat menghasilkan produksi tema dan minyak yang tinggi. Perubahan fcnologi tanaman akibat manipulasi lingkungan mengubah komponen minyak dan mutu menthol. Fcnologi tanaman yang memiliki petumbuhan vegetatif maupun reproduktif yang baik menghasil¬ kan menthol tinggi dan menthofuran rendah. Penambahan cahaya 4 jam mulai umur 30 hari setelah tanam menghasilkan minyak dengan kadar menthol paling tinggi yaitu 54.89% dan menthofuran paling rendah yaitu 7.83%.Kata kunci: Hasil, komponen, minyak peppermint, Mentha piperita L., peiode pcncahayaan ABSTRACTEffect ofphotoperiod on the growth, yield and component ofpeppermint oilResearch on the effect of photoperiod on the growth, yield and component of peppermints oil of M. piperita, was carried out in the expeimental garden of the Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops, Lembang West Java, from January to July, 2000. The study was conducted in two steps, i.e. The irst step was manipulation of photo peiod using TL lamps and the second step was distillation and analisis of peppermint oil from their products with gas chromatography and mass spectromctry. The experiment used ive treatments, i.e. (1) control or normal light peiod, (2) four hours light supplement at the age of 30 days and 60 days ater planting, and (3) one hour interruption of dark peiod at the age of 30 days and 60 days. The result showed that the changes in light peiod affected the phenology of the crop. Four hours light supplement at the age of 30 days gave the best vegetative and reproductive growth (morphology of Mentha piperita i.e. flowering, erect stem, tall, wide, large stem, more internodes, leafy, and developed only few stolons). This morphology also resulted in the highest resh mateial and oil product. The change of phenology as the effect of light peiode manipulation could change oil component and inally the quality of menthol. Four hours light supplement at 30 days ater planting showed (he highest menthol content (54.89%) and the lowest menthofuran (7.83%).Keywords: Mentha piperita L., component, photoperiod, yield, peppermint oil

PEMILIHAN BATANG BAWAH JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas Linn.) TOLERAN TERHADAP CEKAMAN KEKERINGAN MOHAMMAD CHOLID; HARIYADI HARIYADI; SLAMET SUSANTO; DJUMALI DJUMALI; BAMBANG SAPTA PURWOKO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 20, No 1 (2014): Maret 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v20n1.2014.45-56

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