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Model of nitrogen-phosphorus ratio and phytoplankton relationship in lake Laut Tawar, Indonesia Saiful Adhar; Munawwar Khalil; Erlangga Erlangga; Muliani Muliani; Rachmawati Rusydi; Mainisa Mainisa; Imanullah Imanullah; Yudho Andika
Depik Vol 12, No 3 (2023): DECEMBER 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13170/depik.12.3.33935

Abstract

Phytoplankton blooms in the lake cause ecological, economic, health, energy, and aesthetic losses. It reduces water quality and biota diversity, creates toxins in the waters, and changes the structures and functions of the ecosystem. The essential nutrients for the growth of phytoplankton are nitrogen and phosphorus. Controlling phytoplankton growth can be managed by controlling the limiting nutrient input. This study aims to identify the limiting nutrient, analyze variations in TN:TP ratio spatially and temporally, and model TN:TP ratio and chlorophyll-a relationship. This study used secondary data from previous studies, namely TN, TP, and chlorophyll-a observed monthly in seven stations purposively during a year. Rainfall data was also obtained from the previous study. Limiting nutrients were determined by Redfield theory, and data were analyzed by Spearman correlation, One-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and regression analysis. The results showed phosphorus was a limiting nutrient for phytoplankton growth in Lake Laut Tawar. TN:TP ratio and chlorophyll-a did not vary spatially, indicating the lake surface waters were evenly mixed. The parameters varied temporally, expressing the influence of hydroclimatological factors, especially rainfall. Rainfall increases nutrient input to the lake, but only rain below 200 mm/month causes an increase in the concentration of nutrients in the lake. The rainfall above 200 mm/month increases lake water volume significantly, thereby reducing nutrient concentrations. TN:TP ratio and chlorophyll-a related negatively and formed a non-linear relationship with an empirical model Chlorophyll-a = 2770.285 (TN/TP)-1.871. Eutrophication of Lake Laut Tawar should be anticipated by controlling the anthropogenic phosphorus input.Keywords:AnthropogenicChlorophyll-aEutrophication,Limiting nutrientRainfall
Effect of fish meal substitution with fermented chicken feather meal in the diet on the growth of barramundi (Lates calcarifer) Salamah Salamah; Anjani Dara Puspita; Munawwar Khalil; Mainisa Mainisa; Eva Ayuzar
Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal Acta Aquatica, Vol. 13: No. 2 (August, 2026)
Publisher : Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/aa.v13i2.26988

Abstract

Chicken feathers contain about 80–90% protein, but the keratin type is poorly digestible, requiring fermentation. This study aimed to analyze the effect of substituting fish meal with fermented feather meal on the growth and survival of barramundi (Lates calcarifer). The research was conducted from March 8 to April 5, 2025, at the Hatchery and Aquaculture Technology Laboratory, Malikussaleh University. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and three replications was used: A (0%), B (5%), C (10%), D (15%), and E (20%) substitution levels of fermented feather meal. Parameters observed included feed response, absolute growth in length and weight, feed conversion ratio (FCR), survival rate (SR), water quality, and feed proximate and organoleptic tests. The results showed that substituting fish meal with fermented feather meal significantly affected growth and feed efficiency (P<0.05). The best results were obtained in treatment D (15%) with an average length of 2.02 cm, weight of 2.28 g, FCR of 1.56, and survival rate of 83.33%. Water quality parameters remained within optimal ranges: temperature 25.8–29.1°C, pH 7–8.8, DO 4.6–6.44 ppm, and salinity 15 ppt. Keywords: Barramundi; Chicken Feather Meal; Fermented; Feed; Growth
Co-Authors Alfaini, Momika Anis Nugrahawati Anjani Dara Puspita Arief Rahman Asih Makarti Muktitama Azdami, Chairul Baehaqi Bahagia Bahagia Chairul Adzami Cut Rozana Sari Defrizal Defrizal Defrizal Defrizal Deni Irawan Dian Laili Erlangga Erlangga Erlangga Erlangga Erlangga Erlangga Erniati Erniati Erniati Eva Ayuzar Eva Ayuzar Eva Ayuzar Eva Ayuzar, Eva Eva Darnila Febri, Suri Purnama Gunawan Gunawan Gunawan Gunawan Harefa, Fendi Saputra Hasibuan, Sakinah Heni Wijaya Hesti Wahyuningsih Ilham Putri Handayani Imanullah Imanullah Indra Sahputra Indra Sahputra, Indra Ismi, Nur Juliana Juliana Lisna Lisna Mahdaliana Mahdaliana, Mahdaliana Mainisa Mainisa Mainisa Mainisa Mainisa Mainisa, Mainisa Muhammad Hatta Muhammad Hatta Muhammad Hatta Muhammad Syafii Muliani Muliani Muliani Muliani Muliani Muliani, Muliani Muliani, M Munawar Khalil Murniati . Murniati Murniati Mustaqim Nababan, Esther Sorta Mauli Natasya, Siti Nirzalin Nopri Yanto Nunsina, Nunsina Nur Ismi Nurfazilah Prama Hartami Pramita, Susi Rachmawati Rusydi Rachmawati Rusydi Rachmawati Rusydi, Rachmawati Riani Riani, Riani Rinaldi Rinaldi Rinaldi Riri Ezraneti Riri Ezraneti Saiful Adhar Salamah salamah salamah Salamah Salamah Salamah Salamah Sembiring, Cindy Silvia BR Siti Natasya Susi Pramita Ternala Alexander Barus Wijaya, Heni Yudho Andika Yunidar Yunidar Yuskarina Yuskarina Yuskarina, Yuskarina Yusrizal Akmal Zahratul Fitri Zulpikar Zulpikar Zulpikar, Zulpikar Zumairi Zumairi Zumairi, Zumairi Zuriani, Z Zuriani, Zuriani