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The ability of indigenous Bacillus spp. consortia to control the anthracnose disease (Colletrotricum capsici) and increase the growth of chili plants Yulmira Yanti; HASMIANDY HAMID; REFLIN; WARNITA; TRIMURTI HABAZAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210123

Abstract

Abstract. Yanti Y, Hamid H, Reflin, Warnita, Habazar T. 2019. The ability of indigenous Bacillus spp. consortia to control the anthracnose disease (Colletrotricum capsici) and increase the growth of chili. Biodiversitas 21: 179-186. Anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum capsici can reduce yields of chili up to 80%. The control of anthracnose disease is generally carried out using synthetic fungicides. However, the use of these fungicides can pollute the environment and harm human health. One alternative control that needs to be developed is the use of Bacillus spp. as a biocontrol agent. The study was conducted to obtain an indigenous Bacillus spp. consortium that compatible as a biological agent for the control of the anthracnose diseases and promoting the growth of chili plants. The experiment was arranged as a completely randomized design, consisted of three stages, namely: 1) inhibitory test of indigenous Bacillus spp. against C. capsici in vitro, 2) compatibility test of indigenous Bacillus spp. and 3) Test of indigenous Bacillus spp.consortium for controlling C. capsici and promoting the growth of chili. The results showed that eight species of indigenous endophytic bacteria could inhibit the growth of C. capsici in vitro. All combinations of indigenous Bacillus spp. were compatible for controlling C. capsici. Four combinations of Bacillus spp. were able to increase the growth of chili plants. K1 consortium (Bacillus pseudomycoides strain SLBE 3.1 AP, Bacillus thuringiensis strain SLBE 2.3 BB, Bacillus toyonensis strain AGBE 2.1 TL) was the best consortium for controlling C. capsici.
Distribution and genetic diversity of Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) on maize in West Sumatra, Indonesia Novri Nelly; Eka Candra Lina; Hasmiandy Hamid; Yunisman Yunisman
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 5 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220507

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Abstract. Nelly N, Hamid H, Lina EC, Yunisman. 2021. Distribution and genetic diversity of Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) on maize in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 2504-2511. Fall Armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda is a major maize pest, reportedly entering West Sumatra, Indonesia in early 2019. After a year of its discovery, there has been no information on the distribution and genetic diversity of this pest. In the present study, research has been carried out to obtain reliable information on the spread, incidence, and genetic diversity of this pest during July-October 2020 at the maize production center of West Sumatra, Indonesia. Sampling was then carried out using the purposive random sampling method, on maize fields in 5 districts (West Pasaman, Padang Pariaman, Solok, Limapuluh Kota and, Tanah Datar). The sample plots were determined with a size of 1x1m2 to observe the population and incidence, meanwhile, the observations were recorded on the larvae number and the percentage damage. Each district location's genetic diversity was analyzed based on the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene nucleotide variations amplified with specific primers. The observations show that S. frugiperda had attacked all maize planting sites in West Sumatra with the attacks ranging percentage from 12.78 to 41.25% and an average larval population of 0.26-1.05 larvae / 2 plants. The genetic diversity analysis results of the S. frugiperda West Sumatra population, on the phylogenetic tree, were divided into two groups, the first is group A which consisted of West Pasaman isolates, and Solok isolates. The second, Group B consisted of Padang Pariaman, Limapuluh Kota, and Tanah Datar isolates (The percentage genetic similirity 99.86-100%). The S. frugiperda population genetics in West Sumatra are similar to those isolates from several other countries in the world.
Several local food plants with the potential as hosts for Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Novri Nelly; Hasmiandy Hamid; Eka Candra Lina; Yunisman Yunisman; Hidrayani Hidrayani; Dwi Monica Widya Sari
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230361

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Abstract. Nelly N, Hamid H, Lina EC, Yunisman, Hidrayani, Widyasari DM. 2022. Several local food plants with the potential as hosts for Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Biodiversitas 23: 1693-1699. Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) or abbreviated as FAW is a major invasive pest of corn crops in America, its native country. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effect of several plant types as hosts on FAW biology and reproduction. It was conducted at the Insect Bioecology Laboratory, Department of Plant Protection, Andalas University using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 4 replications. The FAW larvae from the field were fed with different plant leaves, namely corn (Zea mays), rice (Oryza sativa), soybeans (Glycine max), and reared until the second generation. Meanwhile, the larvae in the second generation were used as test insects with different feed treatments. Observations were made on the morphology and life parameters of FAW, including the length of the stadia, egg, larvae, pupae, and adult, as well as the laying time and pattern, with the number of eggs produced. The results showed that there were no morphological differences in S. frugiperda, except for the size. Moreover, the body size of the adult-derived from larvae fed with soybean leaves, namely 25.95 mm, was the smallest compared to corn and rice, while the shortest time for larvae development from instar I to VI was obtained with corn leaf feed for 13.55 days. The life span of females derived from larvae fed on soybean leaves was shorter than the others. Larvae fed on soybeans, female life span was 26.00, rice was 34.00 and corn was 31.44 days. Adult females of larvae given soybean leaves produced the highest number of eggs (879.44 eggs) compared to rice (505.00 eggs) and maize (546.33 eggs). Local food crops other than corn, namely rice and soybeans, can be potential hosts for S. frugiperda.
Arthropods community on maize plantation in West Pasaman, West Sumatra, Indonesia IRFAN SULIANSYAH; SILVIA PERMATA SARI; NOVRI NELLY; HASMIANDY HAMID
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 6 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230633

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Abstract. Sari SP, Suliansyah I, Nelly N, Hamid H. 2022. Arthropods community on maize plantation in West Pasaman, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 3062-3072. Arthropods can be found on the surface of the soil and plant canopy. West Pasaman District is one of the centers of corn production in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the abundance and the diversity of arthropods in Luhak Nan Duo Sub-district and Kinali Sub-district, West Pasaman District, West Sumatra District, Indonesia. The research was conducted using a purposive sampling technique from October to December 2020. The arthropods sampling was done by two techniques: yellow trap and modified vacuum technique. The identification process was conducted at the Insect Bioecology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia. A total of 5477 arthropods were found in maize plantations in West Pasaman. The arthropods found were classified into two classes, 8 orders, 85 families, and 269 morphospecies. The individual number was dominated by the Insect class, reaching 97.09% (5318), while the Arachnida class was only 2.99% (159). Data were analyzed for the number of species (S), the number of individuals (N), Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H'), and Evenness index of species (J'). Regarding the location, Luhak Nan Duo has a higher number of individuals, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, and Evenness index than Kinali. However, the pattern of arthropod abundance in the two maize cultivation locations in West Pasaman was similar, increasing with the age of the maize plant. However, in general, the diversity values of arthropods in maize cultivation in Luhak Nan Duo and Kinali were more than 3. It means that the West Pasaman is still quite balanced and safe from the risk of damage due to pests because of the highest abundance of arthropods on maize plantations.
The development of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on several varieties of maize Novri Nelly; Hasmiandy Hamid; Eka Candra Lina; Yunisman Yunisman; Yaherwandi Yaherwandi; Yelsi Dwi Putri
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240161

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Abstract. Nelly N, Hamid H, Lina EC, Yunisman, Yaherwandi, Putri YD. 2023. The development of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Several varieties of maize. Biodiversitas 24: 523-530. Fall armyworm (FAW) or Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an invasive pest in Indonesia that cause damage to maize (Zea mays). Farmers for animal feed mainly cultivate several varieties of maize in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Therefore, it is necessary to test the resistance of maize varieties to fall armyworms planted by farmers. Therefore, this research aims to determine the resistance of several observed maize varieties based on their effects on the developmental time of S. frugiperda. The study was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and five replications. The treatments for larvae feed consisted of five maize varieties: Sukmaraga, NK-212, Pioneer 21, Bonanza F1, and Secada F1. The development length from egg to adult and life parameters in the second generation were observed. Results of the study showed that the larval and pupal stages of S. frugiperda in the Sukmaraga variety had a longer development duration than the other four varieties, with the larval stage at 20.38 days and pupae at 11.26 days. In addition, the lowest pupae weight was found in the Sukmaraga variety. The maize varieties affect the length of the larval stage and the weight of the pupae and eggs produced. Based on these results, it can be concluded that Sukmaraga is a variety causing a more prolonged larval stage and lower pupae weight than other varieties. Furthermore, the eggs produced by the second-generation female S. frugiperda adult are fewer than in different varieties.
Ability of commercial Beauveria bassiana to suppress the brown planthopper attack by inducing resistance into different rice variety ANTONI LISWANDI; MY SYAHRAWATI; HASMIANDY HAMID; ARNETI ARNETI; JAMES RINALDI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 12 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241232

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Abstract. Liswandi A, Syahrawati M, Hamid H, Arneti, Rinaldi J. 2023. Ability of commercial Beauveria bassiana to suppress the brown planthopper attack by inducing resistance into different rice variety. Biodiversitas 24: 6704-6710. Beauveria bassiana (Bb) is one of the biological agents for controlling the Brown Planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, which is generally applied directly to BPH. Nowadays, it is also used to induce resistance in rice plants; this ability has never been tested on commercial B. bassiana. The research aimed to study the effect of different rice varieties and induced resistance of commercial Bb on BPH and rice plants. The study used a Factorial Completely Randomized Design (FCRD). The first factor was the difference in rice varieties (IR 42, Cisokan, Batang Piaman), and the second factor was the soaking of the seeds and roots by commercial Bb (with commercial Bb, without commercial Bb). The results showed no interaction between rice variety and commercial Bb against BPH and rice plants. Commercial Bb reduced the attack intensity of BPH (13.31%); meanwhile, different rice varieties influenced BPH mortality, colonization, and plant growth. The Cisokan variety was better at suppressing the BPH population (45%) and suitable for colonization by commercial Bb. The IR 42 variety was more responsive than other varieties in accepting the presence of commercial Bb (16%). 
Effectiveness of Bacillus spp. from West Sumatra, Indonesia in controlling Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) NOVRI NELLY; HASMIANDY HAMID; EKA CANDRA LINA; YUNISMAN YUNISMAN; RUSDI RUSLI; YULMIRA YANTI; MONA KAIRUNISA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250415

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Abstract. Nelly N, Hamid H, Lina EC, Yunisman, Rusli R, Yanti Y, Kairunisa M. 2024. Effectiveness of Bacillus spp. from West Sumatra, Indonesia in controlling Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Biodiversitas 25: 1472-1478. Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an invasive pest widely recognized for attacking corn plants. This pest was first discovered in early 2019 in West Sumatra, Indonesia, posing a significant threat to agricultural productivity. To control S. frugiperda, local biological agents, namely Bacillus spp., originating from West Sumatra, have been explored as a potential control method. Therefore, this study aimed to obtain Bacillus spp isolates from rhizosphere origin and assess their effectiveness in controlling S. frugiperda in the laboratory. A completely randomized design was used, consisting of five treatments with three replications. The treatments included Bacillus cereus strain MRPLUMBE1.3, Bacillus myocytes strain MRRZLL 2.2, and Bacillus sp. MRTE strain 1.3.3. For comparison, there was a synthetic insecticide (active ingredient chlorantraniliprole) and a control (distilled water). The application of isolate suspension was carried out through larvae feed. The parameters observed included larvae mortality, percentage of formed pupae and adults (imago), number of eggs laid by females, and survival time of adults. The data obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and tested with LSD at the 5% level. The results showed that Bacillus spp. isolates originating from the rhizosphere effectively controlled S. frugiperda larvae. The best isolate that can be used to control S. frugiperda is Bacillus spp. from Solok. Specifically, Bacillus sp. strain MRTPE 1.3.3 showed larvae mortality ranged between 28.33 and 41.67%, and the suspension affected the percentage of formed pupae (51.66%) and the survival time of adults (4.5-5.8 days).
Diversity of Parasitoids Hymenoptera in Agricultural Ecosystems and Primary Forest in Lubuk Kilangan District, Padang Hasmiandy Hamid; Alfala Hakiki; Munzir Busniah; Zahlul Ikhsan; Stefan Schmidt
Andalasian International Journal of Entomology Vol. 1 No. 01 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/aijent.1.01.23-29.2023

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Parasitoid Hymenoptera is an important natural enemy of most plant pests, and it can control pests specifically in the agricultural ecosystem. The study aimed to study parasitoid Hymenoptera diversity in agricultural and primary forest ecosystems. The research was conducted from March to June 2018 at Lubuk Kilangan Subdistrict, Padang. The research location was determined by purposive sampling, and sampling was taken using malaise and yellow traps. The results showed that the family of parasitoid Hymenoptera with dominant numbers of individuals and morphospecies were Braconidae, Ichneumonidae, and Scelionidae. The diversity index of both ecosystems is classified as high, with a value of 4,879 for primary forest ecosystems and 4,675 for agricultural ecosystems. The Evenness index of both ecosystems is classified in the high category, with a value of 0,905 for the primary forest ecosystem and 0,887 for the agricultural ecosystem. The similarity index of both ecosystems is classified in the high category with a value of 0,607.
Level of Pest Infestation on Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) Variety BL-50 in Tanah Datar Regency, West Sumatera Province, Indonesia Zahlul Ikhsan; Muhammad Al-Ikhlas; Yaherwandi; Hasmiandy Hamid; Aulia Oktavia; Dandy Ahamefula Osibe
Andalasian International Journal of Entomology Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/aijent.2.1.38-47.2024

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West Sumatra Province is one of the cocoa production centers in Indonesia. Cocoa farmers in the Lima Puluh Kota District in West Sumatera Province had successfully developed a superior clone of cocoa plants resulting from participatory selection, which was later coded BL-50. The main pests that attack cocoa plants are the urgent problem in cocoa cultivation, resulting in decreased productivity. This study aims to determine the level of significant pest attacks on cocoa varieties BL-50 in Tanah Datar Regency. This research is in the form of a survey with a purposive sampling method. Sampling is carried out systematically diagonally in the field. The highest attack rate of Cocoa Fruit Borer in Tanah Datar Regency is in Rambatan District, with the percentage of affected plants, the percentage of infested fruits, and the highest attack intensity, respectively 51,.25%; 31.58% and 21.10%, the lowest were in Lintau Buo Utara District with 30.93%; 20.70% and 13.96%. The highest attack rate of cocoa fruit-sucking ladybugs in the BL-50 variety is in Rambatan District, 66.09%, 45.07%, and 30.45%. At the same time, the lowest is in the Lintau Buo Utara District, with a percentage value of 41.56%, 27.66%, and 18.30%. Excellent and regular land sanitation activities have played a role in minimizing the level of pest attacks in Lintau Buo Utara.
Induction of defense-related enzymes in tomato plants inoculated with selected rhizobacteria against bacterial wilt disease Yulmira Yanti; Hasmiandy Hamid; Yaherwandi Yaherwandi; Raflin Reflin
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): MARCH, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLANT PE
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.126256-269

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Bacterial wilt caused Ralstonia syzygii subsp. indonesiensis is one of the most destructive disease of tomato and results in severe yield losses. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are known to enhance plant growth and health. In previous research, seven selected PGPR strains were identified for their ability to suppress R. syzygii subsp. indonesiensis and promote tomato growth. The present study aimed to evaluate the enzymatic defense responses of tomato plants inoculated with two selected rhizobacterial strains. The strains were assessed for their ability to induce the production of defense-related enzymes, including peroxidase (PO), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and lipoxygenase (LO). R. syzigii subsp. indonesiensis was inoculated onto tomato plants seven days after rhizobacterial treatment at the seedling stage. Enzyme activities were recorded from 0 to 30 days after pathogen inoculation at two-day intervals. The results showed a reduction in disease incidence and severity in tomato plants treated with the two rhizobacterial strains compared with the control. E. oryzendophyticus RZ.2.2.AG2 demonstrated greater effectiveness in reducing disease incidence (26%) and severity (2.5) than B. thuringiensis RZ.1.1.AG4. Enzyme activity assays further confirmed that both strains induced plant resistance by increasing PAL, PO, PPO, and LO activities, with significantly higher enzyme activity observed in roots than in leaves. Tomato plants treated with E. oryzendophyticus RZ.2.2.AG2 exhibited the highest enzyme activities in both roots and leaves, indicating that disease suppression was associated with induced systemic resistance (ISR) mediated through activation of defense-related enzymes.
Co-Authors . Reflinaldon Adam Jorli Wong Adam Jorli Wong Ade Yulia Lestari Alfala Hakiki Annisa Annisa Annisya Diadinni Annisya Diadinni ANTONI LISWANDI Aprizal Zainal ARNETI ARNETI Arneti Arneti Aulia Oktavia Aulia Oktavia Aulia Oktavia DAMAYANTI BUCHORI Dandy Ahamefula Osibe Dwi Monica Widya Sari DWI NASRI GUSNIA Egi Adha Juniawan EKA CANDRA LINA Eka Candra Lina Eka Candra Lina Eka Candra Lina Eka Candra Lina ENIE TAURUSLINA AMARULLAH Eri Sulyanti Etti Swasti Fatma Andria Wahyuni Febri Yani Chrismont Febriyani, Ellsa Indah Fhigo, Lucky Figo, Lucky Raffi Fri Maulina Haliatur Rahma Haliatur Rahma, Haliatur Hartatiana, Jenny Hayati, PK Dewi Hermanu Triwidodo Hermeria, Noveriza Hidrayani HIDRAYANI Hidrayani Hidrayani Hidrayani Hidrayani Hidrayani Hidrayani Ilham Wibowo Indra Dwipa Irfan Suliansyah Irwin Mirza Umami Irwin Mirzah Umami Irwin Mirzah Umami JAMES RINALDI Juniarti Juniarti Juniawan, Egi Adha Kumalasari, Lisa Kurniati, Fimetha Riva Lisa Kumalasari Liswarni, Yenny Lucky Fhigo Raffi Martinius Martinius Martinius Martinius Martinus Abuzar Megha Putri Tanjung Megha Putri Tanjung Megha Putri Tanjung Miranti Miranti MONA KAIRUNISA Muhammad Al-Ikhlas Munzir Busniah Mutya, Rissa Muzilatul Nilisma Muzilatul Nilisma MY SYAHRAWATI My Syahrawati MY SYAHRAWATI MY SYAHRAWATI MY SYAHRAWATI MY SYAHRAWATI My Syahrawati Nicha Puspita Sari Noveriza Hermeria Noveriza Hermeria Noveriza, Hermeria NOVRI NELLY NOVRI NELLY Novri Nelly Novri Nelly Novri Nelly NOVRI NELLY NOVRI NELLY Novri Nelly NOVRI NELLY NOVRI NELLY Nurbailis Nurbailis Nurbailis Nurbailis Nurbailis Nurbailis Panca Jarot Santoso Pandu Chayadi Wasirin Prima Fithri Putra Santoso Raffi, Lucky Fhigo Raflin Reflin REFLIN REFLIN REFLIN Reflin Reflin Reflin Reflin Reflin, Reflin Risa Meutia Fiana RUSDI RUSLI Sari, Nicha Puspita SILVIA PERMATA SARI Silvia Permata Sari Siregar, Riza Wardani Siska Efendi Stefan Schmidt Sulyanti, Eri Sutoyo Sutoyo Sutoyo Sutoyo Syafrida Manuwoto SYAHRAWATI, MY Tanjung, Megha Putri Teguh Budi Prasetyo Triana, Lora TRIMURTI HABAZAR TRIMURTI HABAZAR TRIMURTI HABAZAR Trimuti Habazar Trimuti Habazar Trizelia . TRIZELIA TRIZELIA Trizelia Trizelia Ujang Khairul UJANG KHAIRUL Wahyuni, Fatma Andria Warnita Wasirin, Pandu Chayadi Wibowo, Ilham Wilna Sari WINARTO Winarto Winarto Winarto Winarto YAHERWANDI Yaherwandi Yaherwandi Yaherwandi YAHERWANDI YAHERWANDI Yaherwandi Yaherwandi Yaherwandi Yaherwandi Yelsi Dwi Putri Yulmira Yanti Yumhi Yumhi Yumhi Yunisman Yunisman Yunisman Yunisman YUNISMAN YUNISMAN Yunisman Yunisman Yunisman, Yunisman Yusup Junaedi Zahara, Vatima Zahara, Zahira Zahlul Ikhsan Zuldadan Naspendra