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Journal : Journal of Tropical Crop Science

The Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Black Cumin Rhizosphere (Nigella sativa L.) in Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia Al Asad, Faisal; Kurniawati, Ani; Budi R, Sri Wilarso; Faridah, Didah Nur
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 5 No 3 (2018): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (249.332 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.5.3.126-131

Abstract

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) is a type of fungus that can form a symbiotic mutualism with most plants. Some AMF can only be symbiotic with a certain plant species. This research aims to determine and obtain the genus AMF from black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) accessions from America, Turkey, Hong Kong, Slovenia, India, and Kuwait accessions which had been grown in West Java, Indonesia. Three samples from each accession, four replications each, were collected for examination. The results showed that six generas of AMF were found in the rhizosphere of black cumin: Glomus, Gigaspora, Acaulospora, Scutellospora, Dentiscutata, and Entrophospora. The genus Glomus was predominantly found in the Indian accession, i.e. 96.42 spores.Keywords: black cumin, diversity, fungi, exploration, AMF
Correlation of Leaf NPK and Leaf Pigments of Coleus atropurpureus L. Benth during Vegetative and Generative Phases Respita, Intan Annisa; Aziz, Sandra Arifin; Kurniawati, Ani
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 6 No 03 (2019): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (344.003 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.6.03.174-181

Abstract

Coleus atropurpureus L. Benth is a annual plant that has a distinctive leaf aroma and bitter taste. C. atropurpureus leaves contain phenolic compounds and antioxidants that can capture free radicals; free radicals play an important role in preventing various human diseases. A study was conducted to determine the correlation between leaf position (1st to 4th) at the vegetative and generative phases with leaf pigments, N, P, K, and total flavonoid concentrations. The results showed that leaf chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, anthocyanin, nitrogen, and total flavonoids were higher in the vegetative phase. Therefore, C. atropurpureus is better harvested in the vegetative phase, and the 2nd leaf position can be used as indicator for N, K, pigments and total flavonoid content.
Agronomic Evaluation and Yield Potentials of Grafting of Piper nigrum and Piper colobrinum Aini , Sitti Nurul; Kurniawati, Ani; Khodijah , Nyayu Siti; Fridahaqi, Rhaisyarara
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 11 No. 03 (2024): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.11.03.239-245

Abstract

Foot rot disease (Phytophthora capsica) is Indonesia's primary challenge in cultivating pepper (Piper nigrum). Grafting to another Piper species, Piper coclobrinum, or melada (the local name), is a potential solution to increase resistance to this disease. The use of melada as rootstock has shown promising results during the seedling phase, but it has not been thoroughly evaluated during the production phase. The study was conducted in the pepper grower’s location in Puput and Simpang Katis Villages, Central Bangka, Bangka Belitung Islands Province. The study used kapok (Ceiba petandra) as the standard; plant morphology, leaf area, leaf thickness, and crown diameter for grafted melada and non-grafted pepper were recorded. Harvest variables included panicle length, panicle weight, the number of fruits per panicle, and fruit diameter, measured in three different areas of the canopy: the lower area (0-1 meter above the ground surface), the middle area (1-2 meters above the ground surface), and the top area (more than 2 meters above the ground surface). Physiological variables measured included rates of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, intercellular CO2, and CO2 conductance. The study demonstrated that the grafted pepper plants had a larger leaf area than the non-grafted pepper plants; the panicle weight and the number of fruits per panicle were higher. Panicles located in the middle zone of the plant canopy tended to be longer for grafted and non-grafted peppers. Panicle weight, fruit size, and the number of fruits per panicle were generally more significant at the top of the plant canopy. In all parts of the canopy, grafted peppers exhibited larger fruit size, greater panicle weight, and a higher number of fruits per panicle than non-grafted “Nyelungkup” peppers, highlighting the potential of melada as a rootstock for pepper plants.
The Effect of Shade and Harvest Age on Biomass and Patchouli Oil Production in the Lowlands Riti, Dominggus Ngongo; Kurniawati, Ani; Nurcholis, Waras
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 02 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.02.426-436

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of different shade levels and harvest ages on the growth, biomass yield, and essential oil production of the patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) cultivar Sidikalang, cultivated in a lowland environment. The experiment was conducted in Bogor from August 2023 to February 2024, using a nested design with three shade treatments (no shade, 55%, and 75%) and three harvest ages (4, 5, and 6 months). The results indicated that 75% shade significantly enhanced vegetative growth, including plant height, number of secondary branches, and leaf production, suggesting that this level of shading is beneficial for patchouli cultivation in lowland areas. However, these effects were not significantly different from those observed under 55% shade. The highest essential oil yields were obtained from patchouli plants grown under 75% shade and harvested at 4 months, as well as from those grown under full sunlight and harvested at 6 months.
Growth, Production and Bioactive Content of Several Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.) Accessions With Different Harvesting Times in a D3 Type Climate Regime Cahyo, Septian Dwi; Kurniawati, Ani; Faridah, Didah Nur; Ghulamahdi, Munif
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 7 No. 03 (2020): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.7.03.104-112

Abstract

Black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) is a species Ranunculaceae family which grows in the Middle Eastern and Southern Mediterranean countries. Black cumin is also known as habbatus sauda , or kalonji in South Asia. Black cumin seeds are used as spice traditional medicine; the essential oil compound in the seeds has been identified as thymoquinone. Thymoquinone has a potent antioxidant effect, which could protect organs from oxidative damage by generating free radical agents. Indonesia is one of the most geographically diverse country in the world. Some regions have scattered low and high plains, abundant sunlight, evenly distributed rainfall throughout the year, and highly diverse soil types. The purpose of this study was to study the growth, production, thymoquinone and thymol content of several accessions of black cumin with different harvesting time in D3 type climate regimes. The research was conducted from April to September 2019 in Ngadirejo Village, Sukapura District, Probolinggo Regency, East Java with an altitude of 1.680 m above sea level. The experiment used a randomized complete block design with one factor for the vegetative phase, namely accession (“American”, “Indian”, “Kuwait”, and “Slovenian”) and two factors for the generative phase, namely accession and harvesting time. The harvesting time of black cumin was conducted at 6, 7, and 8 weeks after the anthesis. “Indian” and “Slovenian” accession demonstrated the best vegetative growth, whereas “Indian” had the highest capsules number per plant, seeds weight per plant, and the highest estimated production compared to other accessions (603 kg seeds. ha-1). “American”, “Indian” and “Kuwait” accessions are well adapted in D3 type climate. The harvesting time of 7 to 8 weeks from anthesis was shown to be optimal for all accessions. Thymoquinone and thymol content for the four accessions was circa 349.64– 3,030.45 μg. g-1 of seeds and 385.56 – 2,003.46 μg.g-1 of seeds, with potential production values of 0.18 - 1.83 kg.ha-1 and 0.19 - 0.45 kg.ha-1, respectively. The optimal harvesting time to maximize seed production was unaffected by the black cumin accession.
Identification of Secondary Metabolite Compounds in Two Varieties of Young Winged Beans (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.) at Two Harvest Ages Susanti, Destia; Melati, Maya; Kurniawati, Ani
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 9 No. 01 (2022): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.9.01.52-67

Abstract

The winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.) is a member of the Fabaceae family (beans). Winged bean is developed as a vegetable, and young winged bean pods can be consumed fresh, steamed, fried, or pickled. In Southeast Asia, winged bean pods are generally cooked or consumed as side dishes or salad. Winged bean contains high protein content equivalent to soybean seed. Besides being rich in protein, vitamins, and minerals, the winged bean also has secondary metabolites, including phenolics and flavonoids. This study aimed to identify secondary metabolites in young pods of two varieties, “Fairuz” and “Sandi”, at two different harvest ages of 8 and 10 days after anthesis (DAA) and provide the biological activity on each identified compound. The experiment was conducted at the IPB experimental field at Leuwikopo, Bogor, from September 2020 to February 2021. The identification of secondary metabolites of the young green pods “Fairuz”, and the young purple pods “Sandi”, was performed using the GCMS method at the Regional Health Laboratory (KESDA) DKI Jakarta. The results of the GCMS analysis showed that 1,2-enzenedicarboxylic acid, mono(2-Ethylhexyl) ester was the most abundant compound identified from pods harvested at 8 DAA in both varieties, namely 42.26% in “Fairuz” and 26.66% in “Sandi”. Other compounds, 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, ethyl ester, (Z, Z, Z) (Linoleic acid ester), were found in “Fairuz”, whereas (9E,12E)-9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Linoleic acid) was found in “Sandi”; these compounds are hydroxyl group and phenolic glucoside compounds and are found in pods harvested at 10 DAA.
Forage Potential of Plant Species Found in Various Ecosystems in Musi Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatera, Indonesia Kanny, Putri Irene; Chozin, M.A.; Santosa, Edi; Guntoro, Dwi; Zaman, Sofyan; Suwarto, Suwarto; Kurniawati, Ani
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 9 No. 01 (2022): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.9.01.68-76

Abstract

Forage is an important component in sustainable smallholder livestock. The purpose of the study was to identify the diversity of natural plant species in various ecosystems, as well as their potential as forage. Based on our surveys of palm oil plantation, rubber plantation, and home gardens using the quadrant method, we identified approximately 50 species comprising the natural vegetation of our study area. Out of 50, we identified 39 broad-leaved species, 9 grasses (Poaceae) species, and 2 sedges (Cyperaceae) species. The palm oil plantation had 29 species dominated by Ottochloa nodosa (11.92%) and Asystasia gangetica (11.40%); 25 species were found in the rubber plantation dominated by Cynodon dactylon (28.42%) and Panicum repens (9.20%), and home gardens contained 30 species dominated by Eleusine indica (13.39%) and Ageratum conyzoides (9.60%). Among the 29 species found in the palm oil plantation, 13 were observed to have low palatability scores, and 16 species have high palatability scores. Based on their high palatability scores, the following species can be utilized as forage for Balinese cattle: Cyrtococcum acrescens, Eleusine indica, Centrosema pubescens, Paspalum conjugatum, and Sida rhombifolia.
Growth and Total Flavonoid of Three Celery (Apium graveolens L.) Varieties in Shaded Environments in The Tropical Lowland Sari, Galuh Yunita; Aziz, Sandra Arifin; Kurniawati, Ani
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 9 No. 03 (2022): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.9.03.193-198

Abstract

Celery is an introduced species of family Apiaceae from the subtropical areas. Celery leaves and stalks contain vitamins, phenolic compounds, essential oils, and other nutrients that have been used in the foods, cosmetics, and herbal industries. Shading can create a better environment for varieties adapted to the highlands to succeed to grown in the lowlands. However, the changes in the growing environment including light and temperatures might affect the flavonoid production. This study aimed to determine the growth and production of flavonoids of the highland celery varieties in the lowlands when treated with various level of shades, i.e. without shade/control, 50% shade, and 70% shade. The study used “Aroma”, a celery variety adapted to the highland, and “Summer Green”, a variety adapted to the lowland. Increases in the shade levels decrease air temperature, increases air humidity, and significantly improved the growth and production of the three celery varieties in terms of plant height, leaflets number except for the “Aroma” variety; increased leaf area, stem diameter, tiller number, crown diameter, total wet weight, total dry weight, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, anthocyanins, plant N (Nitrogen), P (Phosphor), K (Potassium), and total flavonoids. “Amigo” exposed to 50% shade had significantly higher flavonoids than “Aroma”. Providing shades to “Summer Green” resulted in the lower levels of flavonoids compared to without shading.
Effects of Chitosan and 1-MCP on the Physical and Chemical Quality of Salak “Pondoh” (Salacca edulis REINW.) Fruits Susanti, Lea; Suketi, Ketty; Kurniawati, Ani; Setyadjit
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 11 No. 01 (2024): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.11.01.39-48

Abstract

Salak, or snake fruit, is a tropical fruit with a short shelf life when stored at room temperatures. The fruit’s base, if injured or bruised, can serve as an entry point for microbes, leading to physical and chemical damage to the fruits. This research aims to determine if chitosan and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment can prolong the shelf life of salak “Pondoh”. The study tested two factors, chitosan (0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%) and 1-MCP concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 µL.L-1). The findings indicate that the application of chitosan and 1-MCP treatments did not significantly extend the shelf life of the fruits on the 15th day of observation. However, 1.0% chitosan combined with 1.5 µL.L-1 1-MCP and 1.5% chitosan combined with 0.5 µL.L-1 1-MCP proved effective in enhancing the fruit’s overall quality and maintained low ethylene production, high water content, and enhanced the organoleptic attributes including ease of peeling, fruit flesh color, texture, aroma, and taste.
Co-Authors , Krisantini ,, Herlina . Herlina Ade Wachjar Adolf Pieter Lontoh, Adolf Pieter Adryade Reshi Gusta Aini , Sitti Nurul Amriati, Besse Andika Triansyah Anita Th. Sinaga Annisa, Anne Patmah Aplugi, Dewie Maria Agustien Arisandi, Syafik Arista, Nor Isnaeni Dwi Astari, Asty Sani Bara, Asma Basuki , Burhanudin, Mohamad Cahyo, Septian Dwi carsiwan, carsiwan Danar Hadisugelar Dedy Harto Delyani, Rista Destiawan, Nurcahya Dwi Guntoro Dzaky, Rizky Indirwan Edi Djauhari P Edi Santosa Edvanido, Hijrianto Eko Sulistyono Endang Gati Lestari Evi Setiawati Faisal Al Asad Faisal Alfarisi Fardidah, dan Didah Nur Farhan Mohamad Jamil Faridah, dan Didah Nur Fauzan, Rifqi Ahmad Febjislami, Shalati Fridahaqi, Rhaisyarara Gin Gin Ginanjar, Gin Gin Gunawan, Iqbal Gusrevindo, Ludiantika Hariyadi Hariyadi Haryanto, Pesol Hasanudin Hasanudin Hendra Darmawan Hendrayana Hendrayana, Hendrayana Ilham Ismail, Taopik Irwan Hermawan Irwan Hermawan Isdy Sulistyo Juang Gema Kartika Kanny, Putri Irene Ketty Suketi Khodijah , Nyayu Siti Kosasih, Alam Hadi Kusnandi, Restu Latifah K. Darusman Launuru, Syahdin Lukitowati, Suci Luthfi, Mukhtar M A Chozin M. Ainun Najib Manik, Auhge Eva Sari Mardisiwi, Ririh Sekar Maryarti Sari Maryati Sari Matra, Deden Drajat Maulana, Kiki Maya Melati Mohamad Rahmad Suhartanto Mukhsin, Moh. Mukhtar Luthfi Mulyani, Tresna Munif Ghulamahdi Muslimin, Muhammad Farid Naufal Nadesha, Falendha Nobuo Sugiyama Nugraha, Aldy Nugraha, Faiza Eka Nugraha, M. Fakhrian Nur Faridah, dan Didah Nurcahya Destiawan Nurholis Nurholis Nurparisi, Muhammad Luthfi Nyayu Siti Khodijah Paisey, Elda Kristiani Permadi, Asep Angga Prihati Cahyaning Pertiwi, Rika Purwono Putra, Bayu Pradana Raden Ajeng Diana Widyastuti Raharjo, Purwo Rahmawati, Ain Nur Rani Yulie Rachmawaty Respita, Intan Annisa Rissa Rahmania Riti, Dominggus Ngongo Rizki Candra Gumilar Roby Hardian Susanto Rudi Suryadi Sadiyah, Siti Halimatus Samino Sandra Arifin Aziz Sari, and Maryati Sari, Galuh Yunita Setyadjit Siti Nabila Nur Safha Sitti Nurul Aini Siwi, Hayu Slamet Susanto Sofiana, Annisa Sofyan Zaman Sonjaya, Azhar Ramadhana Sri Wilarso Budi Suci Rahayu Sudirman Yahya Sunartini, Nina Supijatno Susanti, Destia Susanti, Lea Suwarto Suwarto Syafitri, Natasya Desty Taopik Ridwan Turi Handayani Ulfiana Mahira Rahma Utama Usatiawaty Cik Ayu SI Waras Nurcholis Wibiksana, Sopian Widodo, Winarso Drajat Winarso D. Widodo Yanti, Ayu Lestari Rahma Yudiwanti Wahyu E. Kusumo Yunus, Annizar Gunawan Yusi Riksa Yustiana, Yusi Riksa Z Arifin Z. Arifin Z. Arifin Z.Arifin Zaenal Arifin Zainal, Muhamad