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The Influence of Empathy, School Climate, and Peer Support on Anti-Bullying Behavior among High School Students in Jeneponto Regency Amar, Muh; Kasmawati, Andi; Mustaring, Mustaring; Bakhtiar, Bakhtiar; Najamuddin, Najamuddin
GUIDENA: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, Psikologi, Bimbingan dan Konseling Vol 16, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/gdn.v16i1.15787

Abstract

Bullying is a serious problem in educational settings that negatively affects students’ psychological and social well-being. Anti-bullying behavior is influenced by various psychological and social factors, including empathy, school climate, and peer support. This study aimed to analyze the effects of empathy, school climate, and peer support on anti-bullying behavior among public senior high school students in Jeneponto Regency. This study employed a quantitative approach using multiple linear regression analysis. The sample consisted of 109 students selected through proportionate stratified random sampling. Data were collected using Likert-scale questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS. The results showed that empathy had a positive and significant effect on anti-bullying behavior (B = 0.166; t = 2.235; p = 0.028), school climate also had a positive and significant effect (B = 0.206; t = 2.349; p = 0.021), and peer support had a positive and significant effect and was identified as the most dominant predictor (B = 0.641; t = 7.571; p < 0.001). Simultaneously, empathy, school climate, and peer support significantly influenced anti-bullying behavior (F = 176.922; p < 0.001), with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.835, indicating that these variables explained 83.5% of the variance in students’ anti-bullying behavior. These findings indicate that anti-bullying behavior is influenced by the interaction between individual psychological factors and social environmental factors. This study highlights the importance of strengthening empathy, fostering a positive school climate, and enhancing peer support in promoting anti-bullying behavior among students.
Analyzing Gender Injustice in Indonesia: Legal and Civic Education Perspectives Amar, Muh.; Kasmawati, Andi; Mustaring, Mustaring; Bakhtiar, Bakhtiar; Ahmadin, Ahmadin
Journal of Government Science Studies Vol 5 No 1 (2026): April 2026: On-Process
Publisher : Prodi Ilmu Pemerintahan, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.66254/jgssvol5issue1page174-189

Abstract

Gender injustice in Indonesia is a structural social problem and is legitimized by cultural norms and legal systems that have not fully sided with equality between women and men. This research aims to analyze the problem of gender inequality that occurs systemically despite the existence of a legal framework that supports justice, as well as examine how legal and civic education can contribute to social transformation towards a more gender-just society. The focus of the study includes three things: (1) the concept of gender and forms of gender injustice which include marginalization, subordination, stereotypes, gender-based violence, and double burden; (2) gender justice in the legal system and the challenges of its enforcement in Indonesia; and (3) the role and barriers of legal and citizenship education in encouraging citizens' critical awareness of gender justice issues. This study uses a normative legal method with a descriptive-analytical approach, which focuses on legal regulations related to gender justice, protection of women's rights, and analysis of the role of legal education and citizenship in fighting for gender justice. The results of the study show that although Indonesia has ratified various national and international legal instruments that regulate gender justice, implementation on the ground is still hampered by patriarchal culture, low gender-based legal literacy, and structural bias in law enforcement institutions. On the other hand, legal and civic education has strategic potential as a means of social change, but until now it has not been optimal in integrating gender perspectives substantively in curriculum, pedagogy, and institutional practices. Therefore, education reform that is more progressive and responsive to gender issues is needed as part of efforts to build citizens who are inclusive, critical, and uphold the values of justice.