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All Journal EUGENIA Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal Journal of Applied Data Sciences Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Terapan Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat : Pemberdayaan, Inovasi dan Perubahan Journal of Agriculture (JoA) Bulletin of Social Informatics Theory and Application COCOS EKOTON
Frangky J. Paat
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Spatial Mapping Of Coconut Plantation In Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province Using Remote Sensing Data Wiske Ch. Rotinsulu; Semuel D. Runtunuwu; Hengkie Walangitan; Frangky J. Paat; Badrun Zaini
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Terapan Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): EDISI JULI-DESEMBER 2022
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/jat.v3i2.44520

Abstract

Kata kunci:  Interpretasi visual, perkebunan, citra satelit
Utilization Of Household Organic Waste As An Eco-Enzyme For The Growth And Product Of Cultivate Culture (Lactuca sativa L.) Ronny Nangoi; Rena Paputungan; Tommy B. Ogie; Rafli I. Kawulusan; Rinny Mamarimbing; Frangky J. Paat
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Terapan Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): EDISI JULI-DESEMBER 2022
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/jat.v3i2.44862

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of appropriate Eco Enzyme application on the growth and yield of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L). This study used a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments, namely PO-control, P1 = 15 ml (1.5%) Eco Enzyme / 1 L water, P2 -30 ml (3 %) Eco Enzyme / 1 L water , P4 = 45 ml (4.5%) Eco Enzyme / 1 L water. And each treatment was repeated 4 times to obtain 16 polybags of experimental units. Observational data were analyzed using ANOVA, and if there is a significant difference then a Least Significant Difference (LSD) level of 5% is further tested. The results showed that the administration of various concentrations of Eco Enzyme on the growth and yield of lettuce plants had a significant effect on plant height, number of leaves, and fresh weight, with the best concentration being 4.5% (45 ml) Eco Enzyme / 1 L of water Keywords: Household Organic Waste, Ecoenzyme, Lactuca Growth. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian Eco Enzyme yang sesuai terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman selada (Lactuca sativa L). Penelitian ini Menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) non faktorial yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan taitu P0=kontrol, P1 = 15 ml (1,5 %) Eco Enzyme /1 L air, P2 = 30 ml (3 %) Eco Enzyme /1 L air, P4 = 45 ml (4,5%) Eco Enzyme / 1 L air. Dan setiap perlakuan di ulang sebanyak 4 kali sehingga diperoleh 16 polibag satuan percobaan. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisi mengunakan Anova, dan dan jika terdapat perbedaan yang nyata maka dilakukan uji lanjut Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian berbagai kosentarsi Eco Enzyme terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman selada berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan bobot segar, dengan kosetrasi terbaik yaitu 4,5% (45 ml) Eco Enzyme / 1 L air. Kata Kunci: Sampah Organik Rumah Tangga, Ecoenzyme, Pertumbuhan Lactuca.
Plant Morphology and Analysis of Yellow Temulawak Curcumin (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) In the Kinilow Village Meilani Elseday Ma'tan; Arthur G. Pinaria; James B. Kaligis; Jackson F. Watung; Frangky J. Paat; Diane D. Pioh
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Terapan Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): EDISI JULI-DESEMBER 2022
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/jat.v3i2.44871

Abstract

Temulawak or Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb is a very famous plant in Indonesia, even in the world. Temulawak is a plant that is often used as medicine and can be found in tropical forests. The purpose of this study was to determine the morphology of the yellow temulawak plant and to analyze the content of the curcumin compound found in the yellow temulawak. This study used TLC-Densitometry. The sample used was yellow curcuma found in Kinilow Village, Tomohon City, North Sulawesi Province. For morphological observations, only one plant was used as the object of observation. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the morphology of yellow temulawak has a plant height of 1.29 m, stem height of 79 cm, leaf length of 71 cm, leaf width of 26 cm. Curcuma is white, purple and light green. flowers, root length 13 cm, and rhizome weight 250 grams. The curcumin content of yellow temulawak was obtained at 0.98%. Keywords: Temulawak, curcumin, TLC-Densitometry Abstrak Temulawak atau Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb merupakan tumbuhan yang sangat terkenal di Indonesia, bahkan di dunia. Temulawak merupakan tanaman yang sering digunakan sebagai obat dan dapat ditemukan di hutan tropis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui morfologi tanaman temulawak kuning dan menganalisis kandungan senyawa kurkumin yang terdapat pada temulawak kuning. Penelitian ini menggunakan KLT-Densitometri. Sampel yang digunakan adalah temulawak kuning yang terdapat di Desa Kinilow Kota Tomohon Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Untuk pengamatan morfologi, hanya satu tumbuhan yang dijadikan objek pengamatan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan morfologi temulawak kuning memiliki tinggi tanaman 1,29 m, tinggi batang 79 cm, panjang daun 71 cm, lebar daun 26 cm. Temulawak berwarna putih, ungu dan hijau muda. bunga, panjang akar 13 cm, dan berat rimpang 250 gram. Kandungan kurkumin temulawak kuning diperoleh sebesar 0,98%. Kata kunci: Temulawak, kurkumin, KLT-Densitometri
Study Of Irrigation Water Quality For Rice Fields In Kayawu Village, North Tomohon District, Tomohon City Melkison Sanggel; Sofia Wantasen; Adeleyda M. W. Lumingkewas; Frangky J. Paat
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Terapan Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): EDISI JANUARI-JUNI 2023
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/jat.v4i1.44890

Abstract

This study aims to determine the quality of irrigation water on paddy fields in Kayawu Village, North Tomohon District, Tomohon City. This research was carried out for two (2) months, from September to October 2021. This research was conducted using a survey method, a composite sampling technique. Research samples were taken at two locations, namely the first location upstream and the second location downstream of the rice field irrigation channel in Kayawu Village. Sampling of 3 liters of water at each location, then analyzed at the Laboratory of Research and Industrial Standardization of Manado. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The quality of irrigation water in terms of Parameters: Total Suspended Solid (TSS), the TSS content in the upstream part was 52.2 mg/L and in the downstream part 192 mg/L, still classified as good. Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), TDS levels in the upstream 142 mg/L and in the downstream 241 mg/L, are still relatively good. The levels of Nitrate (NO₃) NO₃ upstream are 6.31 mg/L and downstream are 4 mg/L, still relatively good. The levels of Nitrite (NO₂) NO₂ upstream are 0.00065 mg/L and 0.00065 mg/L in the Downstream, are still relatively good. The levels of Ammonia (NH₃) NH₃ upstream are 0.20 mg/L and in the Downstream are mg/L, are still relatively good. Chloride (Cl), the Cl content in the upstream is 5 mg/L and the downstream is 52 mg/L, is still relatively good. The temperature, at 23.7ºC upstream and 22.5ºC downstream, is still relatively good. The degree of acidity (pH) in the upstream is 7.12 and the downstream is 6.35, which is still relatively good. The results showed that the quality of irrigation water for rice fields in Kayawu Village, North Tomohon District, Tomohon City is still classified as good and meets the requirements as irrigation water in Kayawu, based on Government Regulation No. 22 year 2021. Keywords: Irrigation Water, Irrigation Water Quality, Water Quality Standards Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Kualitas air irigasi pada lahan sawah di Kelurahan Kayawu Kecamatan Tomohon Utara, Kota Tomohon. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama dua (2) bulan yaitu bulan September sampai bulan Oktober 2021. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode survey, teknik pengambilan sampel composite sampling. Sampel penelitian diambil pada dua lokasi yaitu lokasi pertama bagian hulu dan lokasi kedua bagian hilir saluran irigasi areal persawahan di Kelurahan Kayawu. Pengambilan sampel air sebanyak 3 liter ditiap lokasi, kemudian dianalisis di Laboratorium Balai Riset dan Standardisasi Industri Manado. Data yang diperoleh dianalisi menggunakan statistik deskriptif.. Kualitas air irigasi di tinjau dari Parameter :Total Suspended Solid (TSS), kadar TSS pada bagian Hulu 52,2 mg/L dan pada bagian Hilir 192 mg/L, masih tergolong baik. Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), kadar TDS pada bagian Hulu 142 mg/L dan pada bagian Hilir 241 mg/L, masih tergolong baik. Nitrat (NO₃) kadar NO₃ bagian Hulu 6,31 mg/L dan pada bagian Hilir 4 mg/L, masih tergolong baik. Nitrit (NO₂) kadar NO₂ bagian Hulu 0,00065 mg/L dan pada bagian Hilir 0,00065 mg/L, masih tergolong baik. Amonia (NH₃) kadar NH₃ bagian Hulu 0,20 mg/L dan pada bagian Hilir mg/L, masih tergolong baik. Klorida (Cl), kadar Cl pada bagian Hulu 5 mg/L dan pada bagian Hilir 52 mg/L, masih tergolong baik. Suhu, pada bagian Hulu 23,7ºC dan pada bagian Hilir 22,5ºC, masih tergolong baik. Derajat Keasaman (pH) pada bagian Hulu 7,12 dan pada bagian Hilir 6,35, masih tergolong baik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kualitas Air Irigasi Areal Persawahan Di Kelurahan Kayawu Kecamatan Tomohon Utara Kota Tomohon masih tergolong baik dan memenuhi syarat sebagai Air Iigasi Di Kayawu, berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah RI No. 22 tahun 2021. Kata kunci : Air irigasi, Kualitas Air Irigasi, Baku Mutu Air
Manufacturing And Technical Testing Of Household-Scale Gasification System Stoves Made From Raw Coconut Husk Dedie Tooy, MS, PhD; Ireine A. Longdong; Frangky Paat; Herry F. Pinatik
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Terapan Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): EDISI JANUARI-JUNI 2023
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/jat.v4i1.45294

Abstract

The coconut husk is the outermost part of the coconut fruit that covers the coconut shell whereas one coconut contains 35% husk. In several areas, including in North Sulawesi, a lot of coconut husk is still being thrown away or left in the garden. Coconut husk has a potentially utilized energy capacity. For this reason, the idea arose to make a stove for energy utilization from coconut husk waste with a gasification system. The purpose of this study was to design and technically test a household-scale coconut husk stove with a gasification system. The research method was carried out by design and experimental testing, then the resulting data were analyzed descriptively. In this study, two types of stoves were designed and manufactured which were practical for application on a household scale using a gasification system made from coconut coir. The first stove that uses an air blower can reach a temperature of 740 ℃ and is tested with 1.5 liters of water, so the water can boil for 9 minutes. The second stove, which does not use an air blower, can boil 1.5 liters of water for 11 minutes at a temperature of 608℃. Both stoves have a waiting time to produce gas that is not much different, which is about 3 minutes with an initial fuel mass of 300 g. The results of economic calculations show that the cost of making this stove is relatively cheap and easy to maintain. However, the raw material for coconut coir runs out quickly and requires several replenishments of raw materials. Keywords: Stove, household scale, gasification, coconut husk. Abstrak Sabut kelapa merupakan bagian terluar buah kelapa yang membungkus tempurung kelapa dimana dalam satu butir buah kelapa mengandung 35% sabut. Di beberapa daerah termasuk di Sulawesi Utara, sabut kelapa masih banyak yang dibuang atau dibiarkan saja di kebun. Sabut kelapa mempunyai kapasitas energi yang potensial dimanfaatkan. Untuk itulah timbul ide untuk membuat kompor sebagai pengganti kompor untuk pemanfaatan energi dari limbah sabut kelapa ini dengan sistem gasifikasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat rancangan dan uji teknis kompor sabut kelapa skala rumah tangga dengan sistem gasifikasi. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan pembuatan dan uji  teknis alat secara eksperimental, kemudian data yang dihasilkan di analisis secara deskriptif.  Dalam penelitian ini di buat dua tipe kompor yang diharapkan dapat diaplikasikan pada skala rumah tangga dengan menggunakan sistem gasifikasi berbahan baku sabut kelapa. Kompor yang pertama yang menggunakan penghembus udara dapat mencapai suhu 740℃ dan uji coba dengan air 1,5 liter, maka air tersebut dapat mendidih selama 9 menit. Kompor yang kedua, yang tidak menggunakan penghembus udara dapat mendidihkan air 1,5 liter selama 11 menit dengan suhu mencapai 608℃. Kedua kompor mempunyai waktu tunggu untuk menghasilkan gas tidak berbeda jauh, yaitu sekitar 3 menit dengan massa bahan bakar awal 300 g. Hasil perhitungan ekonomi menunjukkan bahwa biaya pembuatan kompor ini relatif murah dan mudah pemeliharaannya. Akan tetapi bahan baku sabut kelapa cepat habis dan memerlukan beberapa kali pengisian bahan bahan baku.  Kata Kunci: Kompor, skala rumah tangga, gasifikasi, sabut kelapa.
Application Of Solar Panels As A Source Of Electricity For Hydroponic Irrigation Systems David P. Rumambi; Daniel P.M. Ludong; Alden M. Saiya; Frangky Paat
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Terapan Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): EDISI JANUARI-JUNI 2023
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/jat.v4i1.46703

Abstract

The aim of this research is to design an eletrtic circuit system using solar panel to meet the needs of electric pumps of hydroponic irrigation system. This research may develop the knowledge that applied to application of solar panel system and to modify hydroponic planting systems by using solar panels to regulate the air circulation in plants. This study used an experimental method which conducts in Kelurahan Nyiur 1, at Wenang village. The data was obtained and analyzed descriptively. The results of the application of solar panels as a source of electricity for the system consist of several main components, namely the charger controller, relay, power supply, ats initial dc laptop, timer controller and 12 volt dc water pump. The result shows that solar panel application as an electric source of hydroponic system works well and so does the works of timer controller as water pump controller. Keywords: Solar panels, charger controller, Hydroponics, Deep Flow Technique Abstrak Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendesain sistem rangkaian listrik menggunakan panel surya untuk kebutuhan listrik pompa irigasi sistem hidroponik. Manfaat penelitian ini yaitu mengembangkan ilmu pengetahuan yang diterapkan pada aplikasi sistem panel surya dan memodifikasi sistem tanam hidroponik menggunakan panel surya agar sirkulasi air pada tanaman bisa terkontrol. Penelitian ini mengunakan metode eksperimental yang dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Wenang Kelurahan Nyiur Lingkungan 1 dimana data yang didapat dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil aplikasi panel surya sebagai sumber listrik sistem terdiri dari beberapa komponen utama yaitu charger controller, relay, power supply, ats dc awallaptop, timer controller dan pompa air dc 12 volt. Hasil penelitian menunjukan aplikasi panel surya sebagai sumber listrik sistem hidroponik dan cara kerja timer controller sebagai pengontrol pompa air, dapat bekerja dengan baik. Kata kunci: Panel surya, charger controller, Hidroponik, Deep Flow Technique
MORFOLOGI DAN PERILAKU HAMA Crocidolomia pavonana PADA TANAMAN KUBIS Frangky J. Paat; Jantje Pelealu
COCOS Vol. 12 No. 4 (2020): EDISI OKTOBER-DESEMBER 2020
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v1i1.31819

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the morphology and behavior of Crocidolomia pavonana pests. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Entomology and Plant Pests, Faculty of Agriculture, Sam Ratulangi University. This research used descriptive method and analyzed using excel and SPSS 19 software. Observations included size, shape, larva color, behavior, development stage of Crocidolomia pavonana. The measurement results of the larval instar of C. pavonana, first instar is 1,84-2,51 mm, second instar is 5,1-6,82 mm, the size of the third instar larva is 11,97-15,85 mm, and the size of the fourth instar larvae is 14,25-18,7 mm. Observation period of the larval instar of C. pavonana, first instar was 3-6 days, second instar period was 3-6 days, third instar period was 2-5 days, and fourth instar period was 3-8 days. The size of the egg group is 3-5 mm. Female body size is longer than male imago. The average female body size is ± 9-11,6 cm. The average male body size was 6,7-9,2 mm. The time period for hatching groups of eggs is 3-4,5 days. The results of the morphological study of Crocidolomia pavonana pest showed that the adult characteristics of the head color are orange, body color is cream to slightly yellow, wing color is brown with black spots, laying eggs under the leaves. Eggs are placed in groups and arranged, placed under the leaves in a group of eggs, greenish yellow and shiny, when they hatch, they are older and slightly reddish, hatch 4-5 days after laying. The larvae have four instars. When the first instar is still in groups and eats the leaves where the larvae hatch so that it forms like a window, spreads after entering the second instar, the green colored caterpillar on the back has a light green line, on the right and left sides the color is older, and there are chitine hairs, there are Also the caterpillars which are green with three rows of lighter color and side lines are green and yellow and the hair is green, the kettles forming pupae will drop in the ground under the cabbage plant and there are also pupae on the leaves. The first instar larvae are light green, the head is black and the body surface is covered with fine hairs. This larva is still weak and is mostly silent by covering its body with fine white threads that come out of its mouth. Second instar larvae when molting, pale green skin, reddish brown head. When molting the skin it is sometimes difficult to find skin marks, because the skin marks are eaten by the larvae. Usually all that is left is the hard part of the head. On the side of the larva's body there is a green ribbon. These second instar larvae have been actively moving to eat the leaves until they have holes. After reaching the third instar, the larvae disperse and begin to attack deeper leaves and often enter the shoots of the plant and destroy the growing point. Larvae usually eat together in a plant and eat the lower leaves without eating the upper membrane so that the leaves become transparent. The larva's body accumulates light green larval excrement. Fourth instar larvae are light green, the head and legs are brownish and the longitudinal green stripes on the body are more pronounced. In the intermediate stage from the larvae to the prepupa period, it is greenish yellow with a blackish head. On the back and side of the larvae there are longitudinal brown lines. Larvae are puppies in the soil and reddish in color with a cocoon covered with soil grains. Male and female imago (moth) exit the pupa by breaking the ventral portion of the thorax. The moth that comes out of the pupa is still very weak. A few hours later it can fly. On the head there is a coiled proboscis (trunk) and filiform antennae (like threads). The front leg is shorter than the hind leg. The female moth's abdomen is larger, but shorter than the male moth. The tip of the abdomen of the male moth is blunter and has more fine hair. The characteristics of the head color are orange, body color is cream to slightly yellow, wing color is brown with black spots, laying eggs under the leaves. The research location is at a position of ± 85 meters above sea level. Humidity 87%. Temperature 26 ° C. Laboratory room temperature 27 ° C. Screening temperature 27 ° C, green house temperature 30.4 ° C. The number of rainy days is 24 days. The duration of the sun's radiation is 53%. Rainfall 315 millimeters. Key words: morphology, size, shape, larva color, behavior of Crocidolomia pavonana
COMPOUND CONTENT OF LOCAL CURCUMIN (CURCUMA XANTHORRHIZA) IN NORTH SULAWESI, INDONESIA Langimanapa Sofia Demmassabu; Frangky Jessy Paat; Deflly Ansye Shilfana Turang; Selvie Tumbelaka; Christine F Mamuaja; Sofia Wantasen; Marjam M. Toding; Jantje Pongoh; Jeanne Martje Paulus
Journal of Agriculture Vol. 2 No. 02 (2023): Research Articles, July 2023
Publisher : ITScience (Information Technology and Science)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47709/joa.v2i02.2751

Abstract

This Zingiberaceae plant is widely used as medicine, including temulawak. Because curcuma (C.xanthorrhiza) is a medicinal plant that has many benefits and includes plants needed in large quantities compared to other medicinal plants. Traditionally rhizomes Temulawak is used to treat stomach ailments, liver disorders, constipation, diarrhea, dysentery, fever, hemorrhoids, hypotriglyceridaemic, and anti-inflammatory. Study about plant Curcuma local ignite still not enough researched so that not yet get information compounds which contained in the local curcuma of North Sulawesi for the development for biopharmaceutical development, mapping in the distribution of plants, ecology, plant conservation and protection to maintain local wisdom. Histochemical Test is a method to determine the content of chemical compounds in a plant tissue qualitative. Testing can be done by adding a special reagent or solution to the incision organ plant and will give color which Specific. Activity study this will test curcumin compound group on local ginger from North Sulawesi by histochemical method. research that done is study non experiment with design descriptive qualitative. The results showed that North Sulawesi local white temulawak powder contained curcumin in a sample with a sample weight of 0.10 g at a sample spotting volume of 20 µl with a sample spotting volume of 2040 nanograms, curcumin levels were <0.10 nanograms/mg. Curcumin biosynthesis is influenced by site conditions, agro-climate, genotype, and plant cultivation.
THE EFFECT OF ARABICA AND ROBUSTA COFFEE BLENDS ON CAFFEINE CONTENT, ACIDITY AND ORGANOLEPTIC PROPERTIES OF INSTANT COFFEE Tineke M Langi; Frangky Jessy Paat; Samuel D. A. Kusuma; Yoakhim Y.E. Oessoe; Suzanne L. Liwu; Christine F Mamuaja; Luther A. Latumakulita; Dedie Tooy; David P Rumambi; Herry F Pinatik; Rinny Mamarimbing
Journal of Agriculture Vol. 2 No. 02 (2023): Research Articles, July 2023
Publisher : ITScience (Information Technology and Science)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47709/joa.v2i02.2806

Abstract

One of the types of coffee in Indonesia that can be processed into instant coffee is Gayo coffee. This research was conducted to find out the quality of instant coffee brewed in a mixture of arabica and robusta Gayo coffee. The method used in this research is a complete randomized design method (RAL) consisting of five treatments of a mixture of arabica coffee and robusta Gayo by making observations on acidity levels (pH), caffeine levels, and organoleptic of instant coffee brewing. The results showed that the mixed instant coffee types of Arabica and Robusta Gayo from each formulation produced different levels of acidity with a pH value of 5.55 – 6.43 and a different caffeine concentration with a value of 2.79% - 3.27% and qualified the quality requirements of the 2014 Indonesian National Standard (SNI) with a caffeine concentration value above a minimum of 2.5%. The brewing taste favored by the panelists was Gayo instant coffee, a mixture of 50% Arabica: 50% Robusta with a mild sour and bitter taste, a pH value of 5.94, and a caffeine content of 3.19%. The color and aroma of the coffee brewing favored by the panelists was Gayo instant coffee, a mixture of 70% arabica: 30% robusta with the quality of the brewing color of dark chocolate, the aroma of a little spice, the pH value of 5.55 , and the caffeine content of 2.79%.
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF REFINED OIL BASED ON MATURITY LEVEL AND DRYING TIME OF NUTMEG MACE (MYRISTICA FRAGRANS HOUTT) Christine F Mamuaja; Frans Lumuindong; Frangky Jessy Paat; Welly A. Kaurow; Yoakhim J.E. Oessoe; Frangky Rorong
Journal of Agriculture Vol. 2 No. 02 (2023): Research Articles, July 2023
Publisher : ITScience (Information Technology and Science)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47709/joa.v2i02.2831

Abstract

This research aims to study and determine the level of full maturity and the appropriate and best drying time for nutmeg mace so that a high yield of mace oil is produced with physico-chemical properties that meet Buenther's criteria. Ripe nutmeg will produce good quality nutmeg and mace when used as spices for export. Apart from that, old nutmeg mace can still be used for its essential oil because the oil content is still quite high. To get nutmeg oil from the fruit when it is young, you can also get mace which has a high level of oil content. The water content in mace is quite high so it is easy for mold to grow and will affect the oil yield and possibly also the physico-chemical properties of the oil. This research is a factorial experiment using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of two factors. Factor A, namely the maturity level of mace, consists of two levels, namely full young and old mace. Factor B is the drying time of mace with four levels, namely 0, 8,16 and 24 hours. Each treatment was repeated three times. The oven drying temperature was 40° C and distillation was carried out for 20 hours. The results of the research for each level of mace maturity gave significant differences to the yield, specific gravity, refractive index, optical rotation and acid number of the refined oil, while the length of drying of the mace gave a real difference to the physico-chemical properties of the mace oil. The best results obtained were young mace which was dried for 24 hours with the following characteristics, full water content of 6.77%, mace oil yield of 12.8889 ml/100 grams of material, specific gravity of mace oil 0.9255; full oil refractive index 1.4871; The optical rotation of the oil is (+) 6.3433 and the acid number of mace oil is 2.29.
Co-Authors Adeleyda M. W. Lumingkewas Alden M. Saiya Arthur G. Pinaria Badrun Zaini Baideng, Eva Lienneke Bobby J. V. Polii Bobby Polii Christine F Mamuaja Christine F Mamuaja Christine F Mamuaja Daniel Peter Mantilen Ludong Dantje Tarore David P Rumambi David P. Rumambi David S. Runtunuwu Dedie Tooy Deflly Ansye Shilfana Turang Diane D. Pioh Edy F. Lengkong Ekuin Kojong Elpin E. Alom Frangky Rorong Frans Lumuindong Hengkie Walangitan Herry F Pinatik Herry F. Pinatik I Nyoman Gede Arya Astawa Ireine A. Longdong Islam, Noorul Jackson F. Watung James B. Kaligis Jantje Pelealu Jantje Pelealu Jantje Pongoh Jantje Pongoh Jantje Pongoh Jeanne M. Paulus Jeanne Martje Paulus Jelie Viekson Porong Jemmy Najoan, Jemmy Jimmy Rimbing Joachim Y. E. Oessoe Johannes E. X. Rogi Joice Rompas Jolanda Ch. E. Lamaega, Jolanda Ch. E. Jooudie N. Luntungan Juliet M.E. Mamahit Jusuf Manueke Karim, Irwan Langimanapa Sofia Demmassabu Lumingkewas, Adeleyda Lumuindong, Frans Luntungan, Jooudie Luther A. Latumakulita Luther Latumakulita Malintoi, Friska Mamuaja, Christine Fransin Mandagi, Franklin Maramis, R.T. D. MARJAM M. TODING Max Tulung Meilani Elseday Ma'tan Melkison Sanggel Nangoi, Ronny Oddi R Pinontoan Ogie, Tommy B. Patricia Mandagi Petrus Adam Pioh, Diane Porong, Jellie Purwanto, Yanuar Jarwadi Rafli I. Kawulusan Regina R. Butarbutar Rena Paputungan Rinny Mamarimbing Rinny Mamarimbing Rogi, Johannes E. X Rombe, Nadia Jovanka Ronny Nangoi Ronny Nangoi Ronny Soputan Rorong, Frangky Rumende, Roiije R.H. Salsabella, Syafira Samuel D. A. Kusuma Sandra E. Pakasi Sandra Pakasi Sandra Pakasi Saroyo Saroyo Selvie Tumbelaka Semuel D. Runtunuwu Sirait, Hasanuddin Siti Mutmaina Pondaag Sofia Wantasen Suzanne L. Liwu Tambelu, Merry Feiby Tenda, Edwin Tineke M. Langi Titi Candra Sunarti Tommy B Ogie Tommy B. Ogie Tommy B. Ogie Wariki , Barce Andries Feriano Welly A. Kaurow Widiatmaka Widiatmaka Wiske Rotinsulu Wiske Rotinsulu Yoakhim J.E. Oessoe Yoakhim Y.E. Oessoe