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The effect of soybean tempeh and gembus tempeh on obesity parameters, blood glucose, and short-chain fatty acids Sunarti, Sunarti; Aminin, Agustina LN; Rachmawati, Banundari; Sulchan, Mohammad
AcTion: Aceh Nutrition Journal Vol 10, No 4 (2025): December
Publisher : Department of Nutrition at the Health Polytechnic of Aceh, Ministry of Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30867/action.v10i4.2997

Abstract

Obesity contributes to hyperglycemia and metabolic dysfunction globally. Soybean and gembus tempeh, traditional Indonesian fermented foods, contain distinct dietary fiber compositions that may differentially influence metabolic outcomes through short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production. However, comparative evidence regarding their metabolic effects is limited. This study aimed to compare the effects of soybean and gembus tempeh on obesity parameters, fasting blood glucose, and SCFA profiles in a rat model of hyperglycemic obesity. Methods: A randomized controlled pre–post trial was conducted at the Food and Nutrition Study Center, Universitas Gadjah Mada (April–June 2019). Forty-two rats were assigned to seven groups: normal, hyperglycemic-obese + AIN-93, AIN-93 + gembus tempeh, AIN-93 + soybean tempeh, high-fat high-fructose diet (HFFD), HFFD + gembus tempeh, and HFFD + soybean tempeh. The obesity index, fasting blood glucose, and SCFA concentrations were measured. Both types of tempeh significantly reduced the obesity index and fasting glucose levels in rats fed either the AIN-93 or HFFD diet, with greater reductions observed in the AIN-93 group (p < 0.001). Butyrate levels were significantly higher in the tempeh-supplemented groups than in the control group (p < 0.01), whereas propionate levels did not differ significantly (p = 0.079). In conclusion, soybean tempeh and gembus tempeh improved fasting glucose levels, obesity index, and SCFA production in hyperglycemic-obese rats. Gembus tempeh demonstrated a greater effect on reducing obesity index and fasting blood glucose than soybean tempeh.
Low sEng Level in Preeclampsia with MFTHFR Gene Polymorphism Suggesting a Protective Factor Pramono, M. Besari Adi; Faradz, Sultana MH; Suhartono, Suhartono; Susanto, Hardhono; Rachmawati, Banundari; Pramono, Noor
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 11, No 3 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v11i3.29375

Abstract

Background: Preeclampsia is one of the most serious complications of pregnancy and the leading cause of maternal and fetal mortality. Various studies have shown that Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) deficiency and increased Soluble endoglin (sEng) level are consistently associated with the incidence of preeclampsia. Several studies also show the role of MTHFR A1298C and C677T gene polymorphisms in preeclampsia.Objective: This study investigated association between blood GPx, sEng levels, MTHFR A1298C and C677T gene polymorphisms in Preeclampsia.Methods: This analytic observational case-control study was conducted on 70 cases of preeclampsia and 70 controls. Blood GPx and sEng levels were measured using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). MTHFR A1298C and C677T gene polymorphism was genotyped using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The data obtained were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test, and independent T-test.Results: There were no significant differences in GPx levels or MTHFR A1298C/C677T genotype distribution between groups. sEng levels were significantly higher in the preeclampsia group than controls (p=0.001). ROC analysis identified a cut-off of 7.75 ng/mL. Among preeclampsia patients, those with the MTHFR 1298AC/CC genotypes had lower sEng levels than wildtype (p=0.027), suggesting a potential protective effect. No association was found for C677T.Conclusion: We found no significant difference in GPx level, MTHFR A1298C and C677T gene polymorphism between preeclampsia and control group. Soluble endoglin (sEng) level in the preeclampsia group (mean: 11.0±5.22) were significantly different (p=0.001) compared to the control group (mean: 8.1±5.31). Increased level of sEng is associated with incidence of preeclampsia. A key finding in this study is the significantly lower sEng levels observed in preeclampsia patients carrying the MTHFR 1298AC and 1298CC alleles compared to the control group (p=0.027). This indicates a protective factor where in preeclampsia with MTHFR gene alleles 1298AC and 1298CC sEng levels are lower compared to wildtype.
Co-Authors Agung Aji Prasetyo, Agung Aji Agustina L.N. Aminin Ahmad Reza Ajoekesoema, Tanti Andreas Arie Setiawan Andrew Johan Asri Ragil Kemuning Asti, Herniah Basti Andriyoko Budi Mulyono Corrie Abednego Crisdayani, Carissa Putri Cynthia Citra Darmono SS Devi Ermawati Dian Widyaningrum Dian Widyaningrum Djuara P Lubis Driyah, Srilaning Dwi Retnoningrum Dwi Retnoningrum Edi Dharmana Edward Kurnia Setiawan Limijadi Edward Kurnia Setiawan Limijadi Edward Kurnia Setiawan Limijadi, Edward Kurnia Setiawan Edwin Basyar Elida Soviana Febe Christianto Fifin Luthfia Rahmi Hardhono Susanto Herniah Asti Wulanjani Hertanto Wahyu Subagio Ida Parwati Ignatius Riwanto, Ignatius Indranila Kustarini Samsuria Indriani Silvia Innawati Jusup Kartika, Nadini Kurniawati, Dewi M Lisyani Budipardigdo Suromo Luciana Sutanto Lusiana Batubara M. Besari Adi Pramono, M. Besari Adi Mabruratussania Maherdika Mahmudah Hidayati Meita Hendrianingtyas Meita Hendrianingtyas Melkior Krisna Arondaya MI Diah P Mila Niqi Itami Mohammad Sulchan Muchlis Ahsan Udji Sofro Muh Agus Barliyan Muji Rahayu Nadini Kartika Niken Puruhita Noor Pramono Novita Indayanie Novitasari, Sherly Nyoman Suci Widyastiti Permatasari, Narulita Dyah Prihartiwi Purnamasari Probosuseno Probosuseno, Probosuseno Purnama, Yugi Hari Chandra Purwanto AP Putri Theresia LA Bancin Resty Ryadinency Retnaningsih - Ria Triwardhani Riansari, Anugrah Riwanto Samsuria, Indranila K Sanjaya Santoso Santoso Jaeri Santoso Jaeri Soeharyo Hadisaputro Sofyan Harahap Subandhini Arika Pradati Suhartono Suhartono, Suhartono Suharyo Hadisaputro Sukartini, Ninik Sulistiana Jhon Desel Sultana MH Faradz Sunarti Surohadi, Natra D. Syaravina, Elita Theresia Ilyan Tjokorda Gde Dalem Pemayun Tri Indah Winarni Tri N. Kristina, Tri N. Triwardhani, Ria Tulaar, Angela B. M. Wardhani, Avriana Pety Wibisono, Agoes Wicaksono, Maulana Akbar Wicaksono, Muhammad Agung Wibowo Yenny Yulianti Yoanita Pratiwi Budiwiyono Yuswo Supatmo