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Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Bakteri Rizosfer Pohon Kamboja (Plumeria acuminata) di TPU Pracimaloyo sebagai penghasil IAA Sahasika Sean Putra; Triastuti Rahayu; Erma Musbita Tyastuti
BIOEDUSCIENCE Vol 7 No 1 (2023): BIOEDUSCIENCE
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22236/jbes/7111375

Background: Cambodian trees are known to be resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses which may be influenced by the presence of rhizosphere bacteria as Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). This study aims to isolate and characterize Cambodian tree rhizosphere bacteria from burial soils that have the potential to produce IAA. Methods: Rhizospheric soil samples were taken from Pracimaloyo TPU, Surakarta, Central Java, at 5 points attached to the surface of the frangipani tree roots to be inoculated using the scattering cup method at 10-5 and 10-6 dilutions in NA (nutrient agar). After 48 hours, colonies were counted to obtain population data. The ability of rhizosphere bacteria to produce IAA was carried out qualitatively and quantitatively at the age of 24 and 48 hours of culture. Rhizospheric bacteria isolates potential to produce IAA were characterized macroscopically (colony morphology) and microscopically by Gram staining. Results: The population of frangipani tree rhizosphere bacteria in all blocks did not show a significant difference and was detected to have a population between 1.9 – 10.4 x 106. Qualitative test of the ability to produce IAA, it was detected that 34.88% of isolates produced very high IAA. The highest concentration of IAA was produced by isolate P37, followed by P38 and P24 at 48 hours of age, namely 113.58 ppm, 77.95 ppm, and 55.69 ppm. All potential isolates to produce IAA are cocci-shaped gram-negative bacteria. Conclusion: The population of frangipani tree rhizosphere bacteria in Pracimaloyo TPU ranged from 1.9-10.4 x 106 CFU/g and 34.88% had the ability to produce IAA. The concentration of IAA produced was higher at 48 hours of culture compared to 24 hours with the highest concentration by isolate P37 (83.098 ppm and increased to 113.588 ppm). Isolate P37 is a gram-negative cocci-shaped bacterium and irregular colonies.

Bacteria Isolation from Public Cemeteries Soil and Test for Resistance to Antibiotics Anggita Juniar Laspartriana; Triastuti Rahayu; Erma Musbita Tyastuti; Yasir Sidiq
BIOEDUSCIENCE Vol 7 No 2 (2023): BIOEDUSCIENCE
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22236/jbes/11740

Background: A public burial place (TPU) is used to bury the dead. There is an active decomposition of corpses in the soil, which produces soil nutrients and minerals that can support the growth of microorganisms in the ground, including pathogenic bacteria. Pathogenic bacteria have a more severe impact if they are resistant to antibiotics. Methods: Soil samples were taken in the Bonoloyo TPU area, Surakarta, Central Java, at 3 points each of 2 depths of 20 and 50 cm. Soil samples were inoculated on NA (Nutrient agar) media using the spread plate method. After 48 hours, colony counting and morphology observations were carried out, followed by gram staining. Isolated bacterial isolates were tested for resistance to 3 types of antibiotics. Results: The average population of soil bacteria in blocks 12, 17, and 21 at a depth of 20 cm is 4 x 10⁶ CFU/g; 8 x 10⁶ CFU/g; and 1 x 10⁶ CFU/g, while at a depth of 50 cm, it is 2.3 x 10⁶ CFU/g; 6 x 10⁶ CFU/g; and 4 x 10⁶ CFU/g. The morphology of bacterial colonies is irregular (26 isolates), flat elevation (19 isolates), and the color of isolates is predominantly white. The Gram staining results obtained 23 isolates are Gram-negative, and 22 are Gram-positive with a dominant cell form in cocci. Antibiotic resistance tests showed that the bacterial isolates were resistant to ampicillin (28.9%), Bacitracin (64.4%), and Cefepime (57.8%). Conclusions: Burial soil bacterial populations at Bonoloyo TPU at different depths did not differ markedly, with numbers ranging from 1 - 8 x 10⁶ CFU/g.

Screening and Identification of Cellulolytic Bacteria from Public Cemetery Soil Siti Nur Syarifah; Triastuti Rahayu; Erma Musbita Tyastuti; Yasir Sidiq
BIOEDUSCIENCE Vol 7 No 2 (2023): BIOEDUSCIENCE
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22236/jbes/11745

Background: A public cemetery (TPU) is where bodies are buried. Before being buried, the body is wrapped in a shroud or full clothes and sometimes put in a coffin. These materials contain cellulose, a substrate for cellulolytic microorganisms, including bacteria, to decompose. Exploration of cellulolytic bacteria in TPU has not been found, even though TPU holds potential cellulolytic bodies. This study aims to determine the cellulolytic potential and identify bacterial isolates from TPU. Methods: 36 bacterial isolates tested for cellulolytic potential have been isolated from TPU Pracimaloyo Kartasura, Sukoharjo. Selection of cellulolytic bacteria used selective Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) media dripped with Congo red 0.1%, while identification was based on colony morphology and Gram staining. Results: This study obtained one isolate (2.78%) showing high cellulolytic activity with a cellulolytic index (IS) 7, namely P14, 24 isolates (66.67%) in the "moderate" category, four isolates (11.11%) with category "low," and seven isolates (19.44%) did not show cellulolytic ability. Isolates cellulolytic positive have a shiny white colony color, entire edges, raised elevation, and belong to the Gram-negative coccus form. Conclusions: From the results of this study, it can be concluded that public burial sites (TPU) harbor potential cellulolytic bacteria.

Test of Hypersensitivity and Antagonistic Reaction of Endophytic Bacteria from Klutuk Banana (Musa balbisiana) Ratih Dewianty; Triastuti Rahayu; Yasir Sidiq
BIOEDUSCIENCE Vol 7 No 2 (2023): BIOEDUSCIENCE
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22236/jbes/11795

Background: Plants’ response and antagonistic reaction against disease-causing organisms are two crucial characteristics of Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria (PGPB). Seventeen endophytic bacteria have been isolated from Musa balbisiana. However, the plants’ reaction against these isolates and their antagonistic activities against disease-causing organisms remained unknown. This study aims to (1) determine the sensitivity effect of endophytic bacteria isolates to tobacco and (2) test the antagonism of endophytic bacteria isolates against the blast disease actor, namely Pyricularia oryzae. Method: Sensitivity tests were performed by inoculating bacterial isolates into tobacco leaves with infiltration. Bacterial isolates were prepared with a minimum OD 600: 0.5. Then, a milliliter volume of each isolate was infiltrated into tobacco leaves from the abaxial side using a 3 mL syringe. The lesion on the tobacco leaves was observed seven days after inoculation (DAI). The antagonism test was carried out by growing Pyricularia oryzae on a PDA plate for seven days, subsequently transferred to an NA medium for three days then inoculated with endophytic bacteria. The assessed parameter of the antagonistic test was the formation of an inhibitory zone between endophytic bacteria and Pyricularia oryzae at 4 DAI. Results: No hypersensitive reaction of tobacco leaves against K117, K324, K38, K86, K18, K28, K102 isolates inoculation at 7 DAI. Furthermore, the antagonistic test indicated that all isolates inhibited the growth of Pyricularia oryzae, with the range of inhibition from 32.36 to 40.46%. Implication: Thus, these results revealed the PGPB characteristics in the newly isolated endophytic bacteria from the banana.

Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Bakteri Rizosfer Pohon Kamboja (Plumeria acuminata) di TPU Pracimaloyo sebagai penghasil IAA Sahasika Sean Putra; Triastuti Rahayu; Erma Musbita Tyastuti
BIOEDUSCIENCE Vol 7 No 1 (2023): BIOEDUSCIENCE
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22236/jbes/7111375

Background: Cambodian trees are known to be resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses which may be influenced by the presence of rhizosphere bacteria as Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). This study aims to isolate and characterize Cambodian tree rhizosphere bacteria from burial soils that have the potential to produce IAA. Methods: Rhizospheric soil samples were taken from Pracimaloyo TPU, Surakarta, Central Java, at 5 points attached to the surface of the frangipani tree roots to be inoculated using the scattering cup method at 10-5 and 10-6 dilutions in NA (nutrient agar). After 48 hours, colonies were counted to obtain population data. The ability of rhizosphere bacteria to produce IAA was carried out qualitatively and quantitatively at the age of 24 and 48 hours of culture. Rhizospheric bacteria isolates potential to produce IAA were characterized macroscopically (colony morphology) and microscopically by Gram staining. Results: The population of frangipani tree rhizosphere bacteria in all blocks did not show a significant difference and was detected to have a population between 1.9 – 10.4 x 106. Qualitative test of the ability to produce IAA, it was detected that 34.88% of isolates produced very high IAA. The highest concentration of IAA was produced by isolate P37, followed by P38 and P24 at 48 hours of age, namely 113.58 ppm, 77.95 ppm, and 55.69 ppm. All potential isolates to produce IAA are cocci-shaped gram-negative bacteria. Conclusion: The population of frangipani tree rhizosphere bacteria in Pracimaloyo TPU ranged from 1.9-10.4 x 106 CFU/g and 34.88% had the ability to produce IAA. The concentration of IAA produced was higher at 48 hours of culture compared to 24 hours with the highest concentration by isolate P37 (83.098 ppm and increased to 113.588 ppm). Isolate P37 is a gram-negative cocci-shaped bacterium and irregular colonies.

Bacteria Isolation from Public Cemeteries Soil and Test for Resistance to Antibiotics Laspartriana, Anggita Juniar; Rahayu, Triastuti; Tyastuti , Erma Musbita; Sidiq , Yasir
BIOEDUSCIENCE Vol 7 No 2 (2023): BIOEDUSCIENCE
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22236/jbes/11740

Background: A public burial place (TPU) is used to bury the dead. There is an active decomposition of corpses in the soil, which produces soil nutrients and minerals that can support the growth of microorganisms in the ground, including pathogenic bacteria. Pathogenic bacteria have a more severe impact if they are resistant to antibiotics. Methods: Soil samples were taken in the Bonoloyo TPU area, Surakarta, Central Java, at 3 points each of 2 depths of 20 and 50 cm. Soil samples were inoculated on NA (Nutrient agar) media using the spread plate method. After 48 hours, colony counting and morphology observations were carried out, followed by gram staining. Isolated bacterial isolates were tested for resistance to 3 types of antibiotics. Results: The average population of soil bacteria in blocks 12, 17, and 21 at a depth of 20 cm is 4 x 10⁶ CFU/g; 8 x 10⁶ CFU/g; and 1 x 10⁶ CFU/g, while at a depth of 50 cm, it is 2.3 x 10⁶ CFU/g; 6 x 10⁶ CFU/g; and 4 x 10⁶ CFU/g. The morphology of bacterial colonies is irregular (26 isolates), flat elevation (19 isolates), and the color of isolates is predominantly white. The Gram staining results obtained 23 isolates are Gram-negative, and 22 are Gram-positive with a dominant cell form in cocci. Antibiotic resistance tests showed that the bacterial isolates were resistant to ampicillin (28.9%), Bacitracin (64.4%), and Cefepime (57.8%). Conclusions: Burial soil bacterial populations at Bonoloyo TPU at different depths did not differ markedly, with numbers ranging from 1 - 8 x 10⁶ CFU/g.

Screening and Identification of Cellulolytic Bacteria from Public Cemetery Soil Syarifah, Siti Nur; Rahayu, Triastuti; Tyastuti, Erma Musbita; Sidiq, Yasir
BIOEDUSCIENCE Vol 7 No 2 (2023): BIOEDUSCIENCE
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22236/jbes/11745

Background: A public cemetery (TPU) is where bodies are buried. Before being buried, the body is wrapped in a shroud or full clothes and sometimes put in a coffin. These materials contain cellulose, a substrate for cellulolytic microorganisms, including bacteria, to decompose. Exploration of cellulolytic bacteria in TPU has not been found, even though TPU holds potential cellulolytic bodies. This study aims to determine the cellulolytic potential and identify bacterial isolates from TPU. Methods: 36 bacterial isolates tested for cellulolytic potential have been isolated from TPU Pracimaloyo Kartasura, Sukoharjo. Selection of cellulolytic bacteria used selective Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) media dripped with Congo red 0.1%, while identification was based on colony morphology and Gram staining. Results: This study obtained one isolate (2.78%) showing high cellulolytic activity with a cellulolytic index (IS) 7, namely P14, 24 isolates (66.67%) in the "moderate" category, four isolates (11.11%) with category "low," and seven isolates (19.44%) did not show cellulolytic ability. Isolates cellulolytic positive have a shiny white colony color, entire edges, raised elevation, and belong to the Gram-negative coccus form. Conclusions: From the results of this study, it can be concluded that public burial sites (TPU) harbor potential cellulolytic bacteria.

Test of Hypersensitivity and Antagonistic Reaction of Endophytic Bacteria from Klutuk Banana (Musa balbisiana) Dewianty, Ratih; Rahayu, Triastuti; Sidiq, Yasir
BIOEDUSCIENCE Vol 7 No 2 (2023): BIOEDUSCIENCE
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22236/jbes/11795

Background: Plants’ response and antagonistic reaction against disease-causing organisms are two crucial characteristics of Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria (PGPB). Seventeen endophytic bacteria have been isolated from Musa balbisiana. However, the plants’ reaction against these isolates and their antagonistic activities against disease-causing organisms remained unknown. This study aims to (1) determine the sensitivity effect of endophytic bacteria isolates to tobacco and (2) test the antagonism of endophytic bacteria isolates against the blast disease actor, namely Pyricularia oryzae. Method: Sensitivity tests were performed by inoculating bacterial isolates into tobacco leaves with infiltration. Bacterial isolates were prepared with a minimum OD 600: 0.5. Then, a milliliter volume of each isolate was infiltrated into tobacco leaves from the abaxial side using a 3 mL syringe. The lesion on the tobacco leaves was observed seven days after inoculation (DAI). The antagonism test was carried out by growing Pyricularia oryzae on a PDA plate for seven days, subsequently transferred to an NA medium for three days then inoculated with endophytic bacteria. The assessed parameter of the antagonistic test was the formation of an inhibitory zone between endophytic bacteria and Pyricularia oryzae at 4 DAI. Results: No hypersensitive reaction of tobacco leaves against K117, K324, K38, K86, K18, K28, K102 isolates inoculation at 7 DAI. Furthermore, the antagonistic test indicated that all isolates inhibited the growth of Pyricularia oryzae, with the range of inhibition from 32.36 to 40.46%. Implication: Thus, these results revealed the PGPB characteristics in the newly isolated endophytic bacteria from the banana.

Skrining Bakteri Lipolitik dari Tanah Pemakaman Mandiri, Listy Hasti; Rahayu, Triastuti; Tyastuti, Erma Musbita; Sidiq, Yasir
BIOEDUSCIENCE Vol 7 No 3 (2023): BIOEDUSCIENCE
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22236/jbes/12686

Background: The cemetery is an area for the burial of corpses so that active decomposition of bodies occurs. One of the decomposition bacteria that might be found is lipolytic bacteria because the human body comprises 21,33-32,51 % lipids. Explorations of lipolytic bacteria from cemeteries in Indonesia have not been found, so this research needs to be done. This non-experimental study aimed to select and identify lipolytic bacterial isolates from the Pracimaloyo cemetery, Surakarta. Method: A total of 36 bacterial isolates were selected for their lipolytic activity using tributyrin media. The lipolytic index determines lipolytic activity. Identification of lipolytic bacteria based on colonial morphology and Gram staining. Result: The study showed that 22.2% (8 isolates) showed a lipolytic positive, with the largest lipolytic index (LI) value of 2.5 (isolate P36). Bacterial colonies are circular-shaped, have entire edges, flat elevation, and are yellow or white. Gram staining results showed that the isolated is a group of Gram-negative bacteria in the form of coccus. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study suggests that bacterial isolates from Pracimaloyo cemetery that have potential lipolytic activity, which is likely to be from the genera Pseudomonas and Klebsiella, were obtained.

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