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Menyoal Kebebasan Beragama dan Penodaan Agama Di Indonesia Yayan Sopyan
Jurnal Cita Hukum Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jch.v2i2.2314

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Abstract: Questioning the Religious Freedom and blasphemy in Indonesia. The presence of the Constitutional Court in the reform era is the strengthening of the foundations of constitutionalism in the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Year 1945. The Court in this case a role to enforce and the protector of the citizen's constitutional rights and the protector of the human rights. Including in this case, the right to religion and religious practices and teachings of their respective religions, in accordance with the constitutional mandate. However, on the other hand there is the discourse of freedom of expression and freedom of speech includes freedom to broadcast religious beliefs and understanding of the "deviant" and against the "mainstream" religious beliefs and understanding in general, as in the case of Ahmadiyah. The Court in this case is required to provide the best attitude when faced judicial review in this case still required in addition to guarding the constitution in order to run properly.   Abstrak: Menyoal Kebebasan Beragama dan Penodaan Agama di Indonesia. Kehadiran lembaga Mahkamah Konstitusi di era reformasi merupakan upaya penguatan terhadap dasar-dasar konstitusionalisme pada Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. MK dalam hal ini berperan menegakkan dan melindungi hak-hak konstitusional warga negara (the protector of the citizen’s constitutional rights) dan pelindung HAM (the protector of the human rights). Termasuk dalam hal ini, hak untuk memeluk agama dan menjalankan ibadah serta ajaran agamanya masing-masing, sesuai dengan amanat konstitusi. Namun, disisi lain ada wacana kebebasan berekspresi dan kebebasan berpendapat termasuk didalamnya kebebasan untuk menyiarkan keyakinan dan pemahaman keagamaan yang “menyimpang” dan bertentangan dengan “mainstream” keyakinan dan pemahaman keagamaan pada umumnya, seperti dalam kasus Ahmadiyah. MK dalam hal ini dituntut untuk mampu memberikan sikap terbaik saat dihadapkan judicial review dalam kasus ini selain tetap dituntut untuk mengawal konstitusi agar dapat berjalan sebagaimana mestinya. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v2i2.2314
Access To Justice of Citizenship Rights for Stateless Indonesian Migrant Workers’ Children In Sarawak, Malaysia Yayan Sopyan
AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial Vol. 16 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia IAIN Madura collaboration with The Islamic Law Researcher Association (APHI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/al-lhkam.v16i2.5285

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As one of the countries that ratified the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child in 1990 which was subsequently promulgated into the Child Protection Act, Indonesia is still unsuccessful in protecting children. This mainly occurs in the context of protection illegal migrant workers’ children who were born in the country where their parents work. In Sarawak, Malaysia, for instance, there are 43,445 stateless children. This study aims to portray the stateless children in Sarawak, Malaysia, and the efforts of the Indonesian government to protect their right to access justice. This research is normative-qualitative with observations and in-depth interviews with consultant general staff and Indonesian volunteers In Sarawak as one of the main research methods. The results of this study indicate that stateless condition makes it possible for the children to get other rights, such as education. Meanwhile, the Indonesian government has already made regulations and efforts to provide access to basic human rights for children of stateless migrant workers, including itsbat nikah abroad to legalize unregistered marriage among workers. However, it has not been fully successful because the problems are so complex that it needs to involve several parties, especially the Malaysian government, and plantation owners as employers of the migrant workers. Likewise, harder and more coordinated efforts are also needed to fulfill their citizenship right. (Sebagai salah satu negara yang meratifikasi Konvensi PBB tentang Hak Anak pada 1990 dan kemudian dikristalkan menjadi Undang-undang Perlidungan Anak, Indonesia ternyata belum sepenuhnya berhasil melindungi hak-hak anak. Ini utamanya berlaku dalam konteks perlindungan terhadap anak para buruh migran yang lahir dan tinggal di negara tempat orang tuanya bekerja. Di Sarawak, Malaysia, ada 43.445 anak-anak tanpa kewarganegaraan. Penelitian ini bertujuan memotret kondisi anak buruh migran ilegal tanpa kewarganegaraan di Serawak, Malaysia, serta menjelaskan upaya pemerintah Indonesia untuk melindungi hak-hak mereka. Penelitian ini bersifat normatif-kualitatif dengan observasi dan wawancara mendalam kepada pegawai Konsulat Jenderal dan relawan Indonesia sebagai salah satu metode penggalian data utamanya. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa status tanpa kewarganegaraan menghalangi anak-anak tersebut mengakses hak-haknya yang lain, semisal pendidikan. Sementara itu, pemerintah Indonesia sudah memiliki beberapa aturan tertulis dan berupaya memberikan akses keadilan bagi anak para buruh migran tersebut, termasuk melalui program itsbat nikah di luar negeri. Namun demikian, situasi belum sepenuhnya terkendali karena permasalahan yang begitu kompleks dan mengharuskan keterlibatan banyak pihak, utamanya pemerintah Malaysia dan para pemilik perkebunan. Perlu juga dilakukan upaya yang lebih keras dan terkordinasi agar hak-hak tersebut dapat terpenuhi.)
Principle 5 C in The Practice of Peer to Peer Lending (P2P) Financial Technology in The Perspective of Business Ethics and Islamic Justice Hesti Dwi Astuti; Cucu Sholihah; Mualimin Mochammad Sahid; Abu Umar Faruq Ahmad; Yayan Sopyan; Uus Ahmad Husaeni
Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan Vol 10, No 2: August 2022 : Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ius.v10i2.1019

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Non-bank financial service actors in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic made a breakthrough by creating fintech (Financial technology) through the development of Peer Peer Lending (P2P) or online loans. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of 5C principles in the practice of peer-to-peer lending Fintech based on a review of Islamic business ethics. The method used in this research is a normative juridical approach with a descriptive research approach. The data that has been obtained will be arranged systematically for further qualitative analysis. This study concludes that principles and business ethics must be considered with the concept of “The Five C’s Principle of Credit Analysis” in either conventional or sharia systems. In the case of customers who choose a sharia online loan system, they must also pay attention to the ethical aspects of financial business in Islam, which is something that must be considered considering that in Islam, ethical issues are related to the determination of economic policies that will affect the halalness of service and the agreement of the parties. 
Principle 5 C in The Practice of Peer to Peer Lending (P2P) Financial Technology in The Perspective of Business Ethics and Islamic Justice Hesti Dwi Astuti; Cucu Sholihah; Mualimin Mochammad Sahid; Abu Umar Faruq Ahmad; Yayan Sopyan; Uus Ahmad Husaeni
Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan Vol. 10 No. 2: August 2022 : Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan
Publisher : Magister of Law, Faculty of Law, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ius.v10i2.1019

Abstract

Non-bank financial service actors in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic made a breakthrough by creating fintech (Financial technology) through the development of Peer Peer Lending (P2P) or online loans. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of 5C principles in the practice of peer-to-peer lending Fintech based on a review of Islamic business ethics. The method used in this research is a normative juridical approach with a descriptive research approach. The data that has been obtained will be arranged systematically for further qualitative analysis. This study concludes that principles and business ethics must be considered with the concept of “The Five C’s Principle of Credit Analysis” in either conventional or sharia systems. In the case of customers who choose a sharia online loan system, they must also pay attention to the ethical aspects of financial business in Islam, which is something that must be considered considering that in Islam, ethical issues are related to the determination of economic policies that will affect the halalness of service and the agreement of the parties. 
Islamic Law as the Authoritative Source in State Administration of Indonesia Yayan Sopyan; Yazwardi; Ade Dedi Rohayana; Imam Yahya; Ismail
Jurnal Hikmatuna Vol 8 No 2 (2022): HIKMATUNA: Journal for Integrative Islamic Studies, December 2022
Publisher : Postgraduate Program, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) K. H. Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1101.733 KB) | DOI: 10.28918/hikmatuna.v8i2.6195

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Many academicians are regretful about the removal of seven words in the Jakarta Charter and consider this as a political defeat for Muslims. If the words had not been removed, Islamic law would be simple in its implementation in Indonesia. There was a new hope when the Presidential Decree of 5 July 1959 stated to return to the 1945 Constitution. The Presidential Decree emphasized that the Jakarta Charter was a series of units in the Constitution. In other words, Islamic laws in the state administration system in Indonesia could be the authoritative source. This means that Islamic law has a chance to contribute to the Indonesian legal system. This qualitative research used normative approach in which the information was gained from a number of reliable sources such as books and journals to explore and figure out any perspectives about the status of Islamic law as the authoritative source in state administration of Indonesia. This research showed that Islamic law as the authoritative source is possible to contribute to legal order applied in Indonesia. As a political product, law relies on the political situation; nevertheless, the Muslims are not able to maximize their political roles given the hindrances from both external and internal factors. Hence, there is a need to build awareness of Muslims particularly those becoming the law makers to be capable of introducing the Islamic laws to public through the objectification of Islamic laws. Substantially, the Islamic law is more superior in giving justice, benefits and legal certainty.
Rancang Bangun Alat Monitoring dan Proteksi Kapasitor Bank Berbasis Internet of Things Yayan Sopyan; Peby Wahyu Purnawan; Nifty Fath
MAESTRO Vol 6 No No 2 (2023): Vol.6 No. 2. Oktober 2023
Publisher : FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS BUDI LUHUR

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

ABSTRACT Capacitor bank is one of the electrical equipment that is needed in a building to improve the quality of the power factor so that the performance of other electrical equipment can be maintained properly. However, in the operation of capacitor banks, capacitors often overheat, resulting in explosions and then fires, as happened in a mall in the Depok area and the eastern part of Jakarta. Based on these problems, research was carried out to monitor and protect capacitor banks with Internet of Things (IoT) technology and the DS18B20 temperature sensor. The research only reached the prototype of the building's electrical network. The DS18B20 sensor attached to the capacitor body reads the temperature of the capacitor and the PZEM004T and SCT013 reads electrical parameters. The DS18B20 sensor functions as a temperature reader from the capacitor and the temperature reading results will be sent to the Arduino Mega which has been programmed. If the capacitor is in operational condition but the capacitor temperature is read above 70⁰C then to protect the capacitor, Arduino Mega will order the relay to cut off the flow of electricity to terminal Coil A1 Contactor so that the capacitor is Off (no electric power). At the same time PZEM004T via SCT013 will read electrical parameters such as power factor, current, power, voltage and Kwh. If the power factor reading is <0.8 then to improve the power factor, Arduino Mega will instruct the relay to activate the capacitor but with the condition that the temperature of the capacitor does not exceed 70⁰C. Capacitor temperature readings and electrical parameter readings will be displayed by Arduino Mega to the LCD screen as well as to one of the Internet of Things platforms, namely the Thingspeak application as a monitoring facility. ESP 8266 is a WIFI chip with the TCP/IP Stack protocol that will receive data from Arduino Mega in the form of electrical parameters and temperature of the capacitor and then the data will be sent to the IOT Cloud platform via the internet network using the API KEY (Application Programming Interface) which is the API between interface that can connect one application to another. Data requests by mobile phones and PCs use the IOT (Thingspeak) platform with an API as the link. The results obtained with the design of an internet of things-based capacitor bank monitoring and protection device besides facilitating monitoring in real time easily can also prevent unwanted things such as capacitor explosions.
Child Exploitation by Parents in Early Marriage: Case Study in Cianjur West Java, Indonesia Sopyan, Yayan; Muttaqin, Zezen Zainal; Solihat, Cucu; Aripin, Jaenal
Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Hukum Islam Vol 7, No 3 (2023): Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Hukum Islam
Publisher : Islamic Family Law Department, Sharia and Law Faculty, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/sjhk.v7i3.14804

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Parents should protect their children. Child exploitation by parents is a cruel act. One form of parental deprivation of children’s rights is to marry them at an early age. In Indonesia, the rate of early marriage is still above 10% of all marriages. There is a trend of early marriage with Arab men in tourist destinations such as Puncak-Cianjur, West Java, after the increasing number of tourist visits from the Middle East. This research used a qualitative research method with a phenomenological approach to explore informant' experiences, interpret their experiences, and give meaning to their experiences. Data were collected through observation and in-depth interviews using the Snow Bowling Effect method. The results of the research were analyzed using the framework method. This research found that parents determine the occurrence of early marriage. The drivers of early marriage are economic interests and religious dogma. Parents were influenced by biyong (marriage broker) in making decisions. Biyong took advantage of half of the dowry. Meanwhile, children’s consent to marry was influenced by religious doctrines that caused them to be altruistic and follow their parents' wishes. This research recommends the government be stricter in supervising foreign tourists and socializing the dangers of early marriage and mutáh marriage with foreigners.
Islamic Law as the Authoritative Source in State Administration of Indonesia Sopyan, Yayan; Yazwardi; Ade Dedi Rohayana; Imam Yahya; Ismail
Hikmatuna : Journal for Integrative Islamic Studies Vol 8 No 2 (2022): Hikmatuna: Journal for Integrative Islamic Studies, December 2022
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28918/hikmatuna.v8i2.6195

Abstract

Many academicians regret the removal of seven words in the Jakarta Charter and consider this a political defeat for Muslims. If the words had not been removed, Islamic law would be simple in its implementation in Indonesia. There was a new hope when the Presidential Decree of July 5th, 1959, stated to return to the 1945 Constitution. The Presidential Decree emphasized that the Jakarta Charter was a series of units in the Constitution. In other words, Islamic laws in the state   administration system in Indonesia could be the authoritative source. This means that Islamic law has a chance to contribute to the Indonesian legal system. This qualitative research used a normative approach in which information was gained from several reliable sources, such as books and journals, to explore and figure out any perspectives about the status of Islamic law as the authoritative source in the state administration of Indonesia. This research showed that Islamic law as the authoritative source could contribute to the legal order applied in Indonesia. As a political product, the law relies on the political situation; nevertheless, Muslims cannot maximize their political roles given the hindrances from external and internal factors. Hence, there is a need to build awareness of Muslims, particularly those becoming lawmakers, to be capable of introducing Islamic laws to the public through the objectification of Islamic laws. Substantially, Islamic law is superior in giving justice, benefits, and legal certainty.
Potensi Geologi dan Kegempaan untuk Pembangunan Jembatan Tol dan Ka di Lajur Transek Padalarang – Purwakarta Soehaimi, Dipl.Seis, Asdani; Setianegara, Robby; Baskoro, S.R. Sinung; Sopyan, Yayan
Jurnal Lingkungan dan Bencana Geologi Vol 13, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Badan Geologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34126/jlbg.v13i2.409

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ABSTRAKTransek geologi Padalarang-Purwakarta sesuai SNI 1726:2019 dan SNI 2833:2016, menunjukan Padalarang dan sekitarnya terletak pada PGA=0,3-0,4g, PSA Ss 0,2 dt=0,6-0,7g dan PSA S1 1 dt=0,3-0,4g dan Purwakarta dan sekitarnya terletak pada PGA=0,25-0,3g, PSA Ss 0,2 dt =0,5-0,6g dan PSA S1 1 dt =0,25-0,3g, pada situs SB, dengan probabilitas 7% dala 75 tahun. Hasil penilaian  potensi bencana gempabumi lajur transek ini, menunjukan Padalarang dan Purwakarta pada kelas situs SC dan SD merupakan bagian dari  zona gempabumi D (SD1> 0,50g). Gaya Gempabumi Horizontal Statis (EQ)  pada kelas situs SC dan SD pada periode T=0,1 detik di Padalarang adalah 0,64 Wt dan 0,70 Wt dan di Purwakarta 0,68 Wt dan 0,70 Wt. Gaya Gempabumi Horizontal Statis (EQ) pada kelas situs SC dan SD untuk periode lebih besar atau sama dengan T0, dan lebih kecil atau sama dengan TS di Padalarang adalah 0,77 Wt dan 0,84 Wt dan di Purwakarta 0,84 Wt dan 0,84 Wt. Gaya Gempabumi Horizontal Statis (EQ) pada kelas situs SC dan SD untuk periode lebih besar dari TS untuk 2 detik di Padalarang adalah 0,28 Wt dan 0,32 Wt dan di Purwakarta 0,27 Wt dan 0,32 Wt.Indek potensi bencana gempabumi di lajur transek geologi Padalarang-Purwakarta ini, diharapkan dapat dijadikan data dasar penilaian potensi bencana dan risiko gempabumi untuk pembangunan infrastruktur jembatan KA dan Tol. Kata Kunci: Potensi Geologi, Bencana  dan Risiko Gempabumi ABSTRACTThe geological transect of Padalarang-Purwakarta according to SNI 1726:2019 and SNI 2833:2016, shows Padalarang and its surroundings are located at PGA=0.3-0.4g, PSA Ss 0.2 second=0.6-0.7g and PSA S1 1 second=0.3-0.4g and Purwakarta and its surroundings are located at PGA=0.25-0.3g, PSA Ss 0.2 second =0.5-0.6g and PSA S1 1 second =0.25-0.3g, at the SB site class, with a 7% probability at 75 years. The results of the the potential earthquake disasters assessment on this transect  show that Padalarang and Purwakarta in the SC and SD site classes are part of the D earthquake zone (SD1> 0.50g). Horizontal Static Earthquake Forces (EQ) on site class SC and SD at period T=0.1 second in Padalarang are 0.64 Wt and 0.70 Wt and 0.68 Wt and 0.70 Wt in Purwakarta. Horizontal Static Earthquake Forces (EQ) on site classes SC and SD for periods greater than or equal to T0, and less than or equal to TS in Padalarang are 0.77 Wt and 0.84 Wt and in Purwakarta 0.84 Wt and 0 ,84 Wt. Horizontal Static Earthquake Forces (EQ) on site class SC and SD for periods greater than TS for 2 seconds in Padalarang are 0.28 Wt and 0.32 Wt and in Purwakarta 0.27 Wt and 0.32 Wt.The index of the potential for earthquake disasters in the Padalarang-Purwakarta geological transect  is expected to be used as the basic data for assessing the potential for earthquake disasters risks for the construction of railway and toll bridge infrastructure. Keywords: Geological Potential,  Earthquake Disaster and Risk
Sharia Economic Bankruptcy Law (al-Taflis) and the Dualism of Court Competency in Indonesia Prihasmoro, Adi; Sopyan, Yayan; Abdullah, Raihanah; Sufiarina, Sufiarina
JURIS (Jurnal Ilmiah Syariah) Vol 23, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Mahmud Yunus Batusangkar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31958/juris.v23i2.11045

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Since Religious Court Law was amended by Law No. 3 of 2006, every sharia economic case is stipulated as the competency of the Religious Court. Conversely, Bankruptcy Law No. 37 of 2004 has never been synchronized with the amended Religious Courts Law. Therefore, the competent court does not handle sharia economic bankruptcy (al-taflis) cases. This study aims to ensure that al-taflis can be examined based on sharia economic principles by the most appropriate judicial forum. It is normative legal research using primary and secondary legal materials such as court decisions, statutory, books, journals, reports, and internet sources, then analyzing and synchronizing to get an ideal formula regarding how al-taflis cases are settled in court. The result shows that al-taflis is appropriately stipulated as the absolute competence of Religious Courts. Case studies of al-taflis court decisions settled by the Commercial Court so far, also indicate that sharia principles are not sufficiently considered in the decisions, even ignored. Therefore, it is urgent to make synchronization efforts by amending the Bankruptcy Law until it can accommodate the settlement of al-taflis case through Religious Courts. Otherwise, it will be only a utopian sharia economic bankruptcy law