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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis JOURNAL OF WETLANDS ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Gustan Pari
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Engineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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PENGGUNAAN STIMULAN DALAM PENYADAPAN PINUS Sukadaryati; Gunawan Santosa; Gustan Pari; Dodik Ridho Nurrochmat; Hardjanto
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 32 No. 4 (2014): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2014.32.4.329-340

Abstract

For the formulation of policy strategies on the use of environmentally friendly stimulant in the production of pine resin, the study of innovation stimulant is a necessity. This study aimed to identify the use of stimulants made from a strong acid (inorganic), ETRAT and wood vinegar on pine tapping. Research results revealed that the use of stimulants could increase resin flux and extend. Inorganic stimulant produced resin more than ETRAT and wood vinegar per collection in area with elevation above 500 ASL and below 500 ASL. The use of inorganic stimulant, however, caused the change of wood colour that will be dark brown to reddish even that going into as far as to the pith of wood. Meanwhile, the use of organic stimulant doesn't cause the change of colour in wood significantly. Therefore the use of stimulants on tapping pine needs to consider the negative effects of trees's health, workers and the environment.The economic aspect that should be persued to achieve the financial target, is not the main factor only but the ecological and sosial aspects to achieve a yield sustainability and tree producing are requared.
SIFAT KIMIA DAN KUALITAS ARANG LIMA JENIS KAYU ASAL KALIMANTAN BARAT Lisna Efiyanti; Suci Aprianty Wati; Dadang Setiawan; Saepulloh; Gustan Pari
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 38 No. 1 (2020): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2020.38.1.45-56

Abstract

Various wood producing tree species grows in large forest area of Indonesia. Wood could be used for variousproducts such as furniture, crafts, building constructions and other products like charcoals. Utilization of productsis also generaly associated with physical, chemical, anatomy and mechanics characteristic of wood. This research aimsto determine chemical and extractive composition of five lesser-known wood species from West Kalimantan, namelykumpang, bengkulung, sawang, kempili and ubar wood, and their influences on charcoal properties produced fromcorresponding wood types. The chemical and extractive components of the five wood types were analyzed accordingto the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) method. Each wood species was heated into charcoal through pyrolysismethod with a temperature of 500°C for 4 hours. Results show that the cellulose, pentosan, lignin of these five woodspecies are 51.53−61.16%; 13.93−17.67%; and 26.55−38.46% respectively. The solubility in cold water, hotwater, NaOH 1% and alcohol-benzene are ranged from 0.632−2.640%; 3.28−8.41%; 10.41−19.01%; and3.38−4.3% respectively. Water, ash and silica contents from these woods are respectively ranged from 7.97−9.97%;0.32−2.14%; and 0.21−0.68%. The charcoal products were obtained from five wood types generally have fulfilled theIndonesian National Standard (SNI) requirements with the value of water, ash, volatile matter and carbon contentsare ranged from 0.01−0.69%; 0.59−5.40; 13.95−26.15%; and 73.05−84% respectively. The best quality ofcharcoal was obtained from kumpang wood charcoal.
OPTIMASI TEKNIK PEMURNIAN GLUKOMANAN PADA TEPUNG PORANG (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) Gunawan Pasaribu; Novitri Hastuti; Lisna Efiyanti; Totok K. Waluyo; Gustan Pari
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 37 No. 3 (2019): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2019.37.3.197-203

Abstract

Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) as a non-timber forest product (NTFP) has many advantagescompared to other food crops. In order to the cultivation aspect and excellence of the flour, it made this commodity afood sources in the future. Today, technical post-harvest processing become the current problems especially in gettingoptimum glucomannan. With increasing levels of glucomannan, it made the utilization and marketing of flour will bewider. This study aims to optimize of purification techniques of glucomannan. The research method is through soakingtechniques with ethanol (30%, 40% and 50%) and sodium bisulfite (2%, 3% and 4%). The results showed that theleaching technique ethanol made a significant effect on the increase in glucomannan levels. The immersion technique with50% ethanol and 2% sodium bisulfite can increase glucomannan from 32.65% to 83.96%. The process of soakingwith ethanol not affects the content of ferrum (Fe) and calcium (Ca) in porang flour.
KOMPONEN KIMIA SEPULUH JENIS KAYU KURANG DIKENAL : KEMUNGKINAN PENGGUNAAN SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU PEMBUATAN BIOETANOL Arya Sokanandi; Gustan Pari; Dadang Setiawan; Saepuloh
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 32 No. 3 (2014): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2014.32.3.209-220

Abstract

Lesser known wood species refers to the woods already utilized much by the communities but confined only one or two of uses, generally as sawn timber and merchant wood. Consequently, diversification attempts are necessary to impart more added values to these species. One of the possibilities for such is their uses for bioethanol manufacture. In relevant, research was already performed to look into the possible utilization of 10 local lesser-known wood species, which comprised pangsor (Ficus callosa Willd.), jengkol (Pithecellobium rouslatum Kosterm.), petai (Parkia speciosa Hassk.), mami (Maesopsis eminii Engl.), balsa (Ochroma grandiflora Rowlee), ki cauk (Pisonia umbellifera (Forst) Seem.), buru manuk (Litsea monopeIata Pers.), kei renghas (Buchamania arborescens Blume), kei bonen (Crypteronia paniculata Blume ) dan ki hampelas (Ficus ampelas Burm.f.), as raw material for bioethanol. In assessing for bioethanol manufacture, it necessitates initially the data/ information on basic properties of each wood species, particularly the chemical composition, which was examined through the wood chemical analysis in accordance with the accepted standar, i.e. Norman Jenkin, Indonesian National Standart (SNI) and TAPPI. Analysis result on those 10 woods revealed that the cellulose content varied about 42,03-54,95%, lignin 22,66-35,20%, pentosan 15,36-17,15%, water content 3,95-10,99%, ash content 0,56-2,89%, silica content 0,12-0,84%. Solubility in cold water 1,29-5,55%, solubility in hot water from 4,41-11,19%, solubility in alcohol-benzene from 2,95-4,60% and solubility in NaOH 1% 10,35-22,89%. For bioethanol manufacture, it is desired that the woods base high values of consecutively cellulose and pentosan content, and solubility in NaOH 1%; and concurrently have low content lignin, ash and silica, low solubilities in cold water, hot water and alcohol benzene. Judging from those criteria and aided by the statistics interpretation, it indicates that 8 out of 10 species were technically prospective as raw material for bioethanol, i.e. from most until the least being kei rengas, mami, petai, jering, balsa, ki hampelas, ki cauk, and burumanuk, respectively. Meanwhile, kei bonen and pangsor are regarded as unsuitable for bioethanol.
KARAKTERISASI BIO-OIL TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN PENAMBAHAN KATALIS Ni/NZA MENGGUNAKAN METODEFREE FALL PYROLYSIS Santiyo Wibowo; Lisna Efiyanti; Gustan Pari
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 35 No. 2 (2017): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2017.35.2.83-100

Abstract

Biomass resource mainly from forest industries waste such as oil palm empty fruit bunches (TKKS) is abundantly available, Currently, the utilization of TKKS as pyrolysis products is still limited to charcoal product, activated charcoal and charcoal briquettes. On the other hand, research on bio-oil manufacturing from biomass using fast pyrolysis method may increase hydrocarbons and calorific values, however the amount of catalyst used is higher than the biomass. This paper observes data and information on the characteristics of bio-oil made from oil palm empty fruit bunches through the addition of Ni/NZA as a catalyst. The optimal results (yield 30.27%, pH 2.94, specific gravity 1.068, viscosity 44 cSt and calorific value 29.38 MJ/kg with flame in medium category) were obtained with the addition of 6% catalyst. The bio-oil produced was dominated by acetic acid, phenol and benzene or toluene, and there were also alkene hydrocarbons compound, for instance hexadecene and aromatic hydrocarbons naphthalene.
KOMPONEN KIMIA DAN POTENSI PENGGUNAAN LIMA JENIS KAYU KURANG DIKENAL ASAL JAWA BARAT Novitri Hastuti; Lisna Efiyanti; Gustan Pari; Saepuloh; Dadang Setiawan
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 35 No. 1 (2017): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2017.35.1.15-27

Abstract

There are about 4,000 timber producing trees grow naturally in Indonesia, which comprise of commercially and lesser known wood species. Wood chemical component analysis is one indicator for timber utilization. This paper studies the chemical components of five lesser-known wood species originated from West Java namely ki bugang (Arthophyllum diversifolium Bl.), sempur lilin (Dillenia obovata Hoogl.), cangcaratan (Lithocarpus sundaicus Bl.), ki pasang (Prunus javanica Miq ), and ki langir (Othophora spectabilis Bl). The analysis was conducted according to the testing standard of Norman Jenkin, Indonesian National Standard (SNI) and TAPPI. Results show that Ki bugang has the highest content of both of cellulose and pentosan about 52.57% and 21,37%, respectively. Cangcaratan wood has the highest lignin content about 31.84 %. Ki langir has the highest solubility in cold water, alcohol benzene and NaOH about 3.34%, 2.75%, and 22.17%, respectively. In addition, sempur lilin has the highest solubility in hot water about 8.56%. The highest ash content is 3.60% belongs to Ki langir and the highest silica content is 1.92% belongs to sempur lilin. Based on the chemical content, cangcaratan wood is recomended for pulp and energy purposes and ki bugang wood is recommended for bio-ethanol.
KUALITAS HARDBOARD DUA JENIS BAMBU DENGAN TAMBAHAN TANIN RESORSINOL FORMALDEHIDA Dian Anggraini Indrawan; I.M. Sulastiningsih; Rossi Margareth Tampubolon; Gustan Pari; Adi Santoso
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 35 No. 1 (2017): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2017.35.1.29-42

Abstract

All kinds of ligno-cellulose fiber stuffs are technically suitable for hardboard manufacture. In Indonesia, currently the available conventional ligno-cellulose fibers (esp. tropical natural-forest woods) become scarce and depleted. Meanwhile, domestic fiberboard-production is lower than its demands. Alternative fibers, abundantly potential and largely still unutilized, should be introduced, e.g. bamboo. Research on bamboo utilization for hardboard has been carried out using two bamboo species i.e. tali bamboo (Gigantochloa apus) and ampel bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris). Each bamboo species was pulped using open hot-soda semi-chemical process. Five proportions of bamboo pulp mixtures were prepared from tali-bamboo pulp and ampel-bamboo pulps i.e: 100%+0%, 75%+25%, 50%+50%, 25%+75%, and 0%+100%. Tannin-resorcinol-formaldehyde (TRF) adhesive was added to each bamboo pulp mixtures at three different resin contents, i.e. 0%, 6% and 8% based on dry weight of the bamboo pulp mixture. Bamboo hardboards were manufactured using wet forming process and the resulted boards were then tested for their physical and mechanical properties. Results showed that addition of TRF (up to 8%) improved hardboard properties. Hardboard made from the ampel-bamboo pulp (100%) produced the highest hardboard quality, as its properties mostly conform with the standards (JIS and ISO) requirements for density, modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR) and internal bond (IB); while hardboards made from tali-bamboo pulp (100%) possessed the lowest quality. Hardboard from tali-bamboo pulp and ampel-bamboo pulp mixture (at 50%+50% and 25% + 75% proportions) afforded the second and third performances. The least prospective tali-bamboo pulp (100%) could expectedly be improved by using more TRF.
KARAKTERISASI KARBON PELET CAMPURAN RUMPUT GAJAH (Pennisetum purpureum Scumach) DAN TEMPURUNG NYAMPLUNG (Calophyllum inophyllum Linn.) Santiyo Wibowo; Daniel P.O Laia; Mohammad Khotib; Gustan Pari
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 35 No. 1 (2017): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2017.35.1.73-82

Abstract

Carbon pellet is a charcoal product made from carbonized biomass which is crushed into fine powder and compacted into pellet. Carbon pellets is designed for renewable energy alternatives for cooking, the combustion process and the possibilities for steam power plants as a substitute for coal. This paper studies the quality of carbon pellet made from a mixture of elephant grass with nyamplung shell. After carbonization, the elephant grass and nyamplung seed shell were crushed into 60 mesh powder for pellet with various ratio of elephant grass charcoal and nyamplung shell charcoal namely 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100 homogenously. Ten percent PVAC adhesive was added into the mixture prior to compression. Results show that the mixture composition of 75% elephant grass charcoal and 25% nyamplung shell charcoal is recommended for carbon pellet. The mixture composition improved physical properties with the average of 3.35% water 3 content, 26.19% volatile matter, 13.59% ash content, 60.21% carbon bound, 0.68 kg/cm density, 5.91 kg/cm compressive strength and calorific value of 6080 cal/g.
POTENSI STRUKTUR NANO KARBON DARI BAHAN LIGNOSELULOSA KAYU JATI DAN BAMBU Gustan Pari; Adi Santoso; Djeni Hendra; Buchari; Akhirudin Maddu; Mamat Rachmat; Muji Harsini; Teddi Her anto; Saptadi Darmawan
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 34 No. 4 (2016): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2016.34.4.309-322

Abstract

Nanotechnology research in the realm of forest products can be exploited from lignocellulose into nano carbon. The research was aimed to provide the potency of nano carbon structure from lignosellulose as bioenergy or biosensor material. O The materials of teak wood and bamboo were carbonized into charcoal at 400-500 C followed by activation using O chemical and physical processes at 800 C for 60 minutes. This process produced charcoal with high crystalinity and surface area. After purification and activation, the activated charcoal was subsequently doped process with Zn and Ni metals which O then followed by sintering using spark plasma at 1300 C. The qualities and structure of all the resulting carbon were evaluated using nano scale devices i.e. Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometer, Scanning Electron Microscope Energy Diffraction X-ray Spectrometer, X-ray Diffractometer, I-V meter and potensiometer. Results showed that the best activated charcoal produced from the chemical-physical activation (KOH steam) possessed high fixed carbon of 84.29%; 2 surface area of 850.5 m /g, crystallinity of 38,99% and resistancy of 0.10. The teak activated charcoal which intercalated by Ni at ratio of 1:5 produced the best properties with crystallinity degree of 73.45% and conductivity of 433.86 S/m. The sintered teak activated charcoal had crystallinity degree of 78.29% with I-V meter pattern in sigmoid shape and the potentiometer response formed a slope approaching the Nerst factors. Nano carbon produced from lignocellulose is a semiconductor and more suitably use for biosensors, particularly the one derived from teak wood.
KOMPOSISI KIMIA DAN ALAMI 20 KEAWETAN JENIS KAYU INDONESIA DENGAN PENGUJIAN DI BAWAH NAUNGAN Jasni; Gustan Pari; Esti Rini Satiti
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 34 No. 4 (2016): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2016.34.4.323-333

Abstract

Wood utilization for various products such as building construction, furniture and handycrafts deserves through attention to the properties such as chemical composition and durability, as those are interrelated. This paper investigates chemical composition and natural durability of 20 wood species originated from several Indonesian regions. Celluloses content was analyzed according to Norman and Jenkin methods; lignins content was tested according to SNI 14-0492 1989; and extractives content was analysed based on SNI 14-1032-1989. Testing of wood durability was conducted under the shade at Cikampek, experiment station, West Java. Durability observation was conducted in one year afterwards by assessing the percentage damage of wood samples caused by wood-destroying organisms. Results show that jaha wood (Terminalia arborea K.et.V.) exhibited the highest cellulose content (61.35%), while the lowest (43.30%) at bambang lanang wood (Michelia champaca L.var.pubinervia). Mahang putih wood (Macaranga hypoleuca Muell. Arg.) contain the highest lignin (35.80%), conversely cempaka wood (Elmerrillia papuana Dandy) contain the lowest lignin (23.67%). The highest extractive content (7.87%) was found at bawang wood (Azadirachta exelsa (Jack) M. Jacobs), while the lowest content found at kandis wood (Pentaphalangium pachycarcum A.C. Smith.) with extractive content of 1.52%. Assessment on natural durability indicated that four species were categorized as durable (class II), six species as rather durable (class III), three species as not-durable (class IV), and seven species as perishable (class V).
Co-Authors ADI SANTOSO Agus Malik Ibrahim Akhiruddin Maddu Akhirudin Maddu Andi D Yunianti Ani Suryani Arya Sokanandi Buchari Bunga Ayu Safitri Dadang Setiawan Daniel P.O Laia Dede Hermawan Dede Hermawan1 Deded Sarip Nawawi Dian Anggraini Indrawan Djeni Hendra Dodik Ridho Nurrochmat Efrida Basri Emma Sahara Endang Sri Lestari Erlina Nurul Aini Erliza Hambali Erliza Noor Esti Rini Satiti Gunawan Pasaribu Gunawan Pasaribu Gunawan Santosa Gusmailina Han Roliadi Hardjanto Herman Siruru Heru Satrio Wibisono Heru Wibisono I Nyoman Jaya Wistara I.M. Sulastiningsih Imam Wahyudi Indrawan, Imam Wahyudi Imas Aisyah Irma Herawati Suparto Iskandar Z Siregar Ismail Budiman Jajang Sutiawan Jasni Jessica Hendrik Karnita Yuniarti Krisdianto Krisdianto Sugiyanto Kurnia Sofyan Lisna Efiyanti Luciasih Agustini Mahpudin Mamat Rachmat Mody Lempang Mohamad Iqbal Mohammad Khotib Mohammad WIJAYA Muhammad Sadir Muji Harsini Novitri Hastuti Novitri Hastuti Novitri Hastuti, Lisna Efiyanti Nur Adi Sapura Nur Adi Saputra Nuryati Juli R. Esa Pangersa Gusti Rina Novia Yanti Rossi Margareth Tampubolon Saepulloh Saepuloh Santiyo Wibowo Saptadi Darmawan Saptadi Darmawan Sri Komarayati SUBYAKTO SUBYAKTO Suci Aprianty Wati Sukadaryati Sutanto T.A. Prayitno Teddi Her anto Teddi Heriyanto Teddi Heryanto Tetty Kemala Titi Kalima Totok K. Waluyo Totok K.Waluyo Totok K.Waluyo K. Waluyo Tun Tedja Irawadi Wasrin Syafii Yusuf Sudo Hadi