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Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Rebusan dan Infusa Daun Jeruju (Achantus illicifolious) terhadap Bakteri Methicilin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Maria Dewi, Ni Putu; Cahyaningsih, Erna; Arman Anita Dewi, Ni Luh Kade; Surya Rahadi, I Wayan; Sandhi Kusuma Yuda, Putu Era; Santoso, Puguh
Usadha Vol 3 No 1 (2024): Usadha: Jurnal Integrasi Obat Tradisional
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/usadha.v3i1.7222

Abstract

Infectious diseases are still a health problem throughout the world, including in Indonesia. One cause of infection that needs to be watched out for is resistance to Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria. Continuous use of antibiotics can cause problems with microbial resistance. Indonesia has various plant species that can actually provide benefits but have not been specifically cultivated. Jeruju leaves (Achanthus ilicifolius) from mangrove plants contain bioactive compounds that have the potential to be antibacterial. The aim of this research is to determine the antibacterial activity of Jeruju leaf decoction and infusion against MRSA bacteria. Antibacterial activity testing uses MRSA bacteria. The results of the phytochemical screening of Jeruju leaf infusion contained secondary metabolite compounds in the form of flavonoids, tannins, saponins and quinones. Meanwhile, the results of the phytochemical screening of Jeruju leaf decoction contained secondary metabolites in the form of tannins, saponins and quinones. Based on the results of research conducted on infusions and decoctions of Jeruju leaves at concentrations of 30%, 60% and 90%, they did not have inhibitory power on the antibacterial activity of MRSA, as seen from the inhibition zone. Zero inhibition zone for MRSA bacteria. It can be concluded that the infusion and decoction of Jeruju (Achantus illicifolious) leaves do not have antibacterial activity against MRSA.
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Bulung Sangu (Gracilaria Sp.) Terhadap Bakteri Gram Negatif Pseudomonas aeruginosa Putri, Leoni; Vernandes Sasadara, Maria Malida; Cahyaningsih, Erna; Santoso, Puguh
Usadha Vol 2 No 3 (2023): Usadha: Jurnal Integrasi Obat Tradisional
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/usadha.v2i3.7262

Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram-negative bacterium that is pathogenic to humans, especially in causing nosocomial infections. This bacterium has resistance to several classes of antibiotics, one of which is carbapenem and cephalosporin class antibiotics. The development of new antibiotics is an alternative in solving this case. Seaweed is one of the marine biota that has various benefits to be developed due to its primary and secondary metabolite compounds. Secondary metabolites in seaweed are used as a source of bioactive metabolites which have broad antiviral, antifungal and antibacterial activities. Bulung sangu (Gracilaria sp.) is one of the seaweeds that has biological activity as an antibacterial. This study aims to determine the antibacterial effectiveness of 70% ethanol extract of bulung sangu (Gracilaria sp.) on the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. Sangu bamboo shoots were obtained from the southern Denpasar area (Bali). Bulung sangu viscous extract was extracted using 70% ethanol by ultrasonic method for 5 minutes at 40oC. Phytochemical screening of the extract was carried out to determine the content of secondary metabolite compounds it had. Antibacterial activity testing was carried out using the well diffusion method using 3 extract concentrations namely 4%, 8% and 12%. The positive and negative controls used were chloramphenicol antibiotics and sterile aquadest. Inhibition zones were observed and expressed as mean ± standard deviation (mm). The results were statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis with a 95% confidence level. The inhibition zones generated from the positive control, concentrations of 4%, 8% and 12% could inhibit Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria with the following average diameters of the inhibition zones of 25.67mm, 2.00mm, 2.67mm and 2.67mm in the weak inhibition zone category.
Uji Aktivitas Sediaan Hand Sanitizer Ekstrak Etanol Daun Euphorbia milli Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis Sri Budiasih, Putu Eka; Sunadi Putra, I Made Agus; Santoso, Puguh
Usadha Vol 3 No 2 (2024): Usadha: Jurnal Integrasi Obat Tradisional
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/usadha.v3i2.7435

Abstract

  Euphorbia milli is a plant that has medicinal properties, one of which is that Euphorbia milli leaves contain peroxidase, saponins, calcium oxalate, peptic substances, and starch. Meanwhile, the sap contains euphorbol, euphol, and cyoartenol. The leaves are widely used as a remedy for boils (furuncle), purulent inflammation of the skin (piodermi), scalds, and burns. Euphorbia milli folia leaves contain saponins, which have potential as antibacterials. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract of the giwang fern cactus leaves on the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis by making a hand sanitizer gel from the giwang fern cactus leaf extract using three variations of extract concentrations: 5%, 10%, and 15%. The plant extracts were obtained using the maceration method using 70% ethanol with three replications. This research method is laboratory-experimental research. The results showed that the hand sanitizer gel had an inhibitory effect on the growth of the Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria.
Uji Aktivitas Ekstrak Etanol Buah Dewandaru (Eugenia uniflora L.) terhadap Penurunan Kadar Glukosa Darah pada Mencit (Mus musculus) yang Diinduksi Aloksan Nggaba, Ellenoire Rambu Kabeba Hammu; Santoso, Puguh; Udayani, Ni Nyoman Wahyu
Usadha Vol 3 No 3 (2024): Usadha: Jurnal Integrasi Obat Tradisional
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/usadha.v3i3.7380

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by a high increase in blood glucose that exceeds normal limits. Treatment based on natural ingredients can be an alternative to the treatment of diabetes. Plants that can be used are Dewandaru Fruit. This study used an experimental method (Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design) to determine whether there is a difference in blood glucose levels in alloxan-induced mice before and after administration of ethanol extract of dewadaru fruit. The extract was made by maceration method. Experimental animals were divided into 4 groups, each containing 6 mice. Group 1 (negative control) received alloxan, group 2 (positive control) received 5mg glibenclamide, group 3 received 100mg/kgBW extract, and group 4 received 200mg/kgBW extract. Alloxan-induced mice were subcutaneously measured 3 days after (pretest) and 14 days after treatment (posttest) using a glucometer. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26 with the Shapiro-Wilk normality test and pretest and posttest comparison test using Paired T-Test analysis. Based on the results of statistical tests, the study concluded that there was a significant difference in the decrease in blood glucose levels in alloxan-induced mice (Mus musculus) after being given the ethanol extract of Dewadaru fruit at doses of 100 mg/kgBW and 200 mg/kgBW. Keywords: Antidiabetic; Flavonoid; Blood Sugar Levels; Dewandaru  (Eugenia uniflora L.)
Identifikasi Senyawa Flavonoid dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Buah Dewandaru (Eugenia uniflora L.) Santoso, Puguh; Megawati, Fitria; Cintya Purnama Sari, Ni Wayan; Linda Paramita, Ni Kadek
Usadha Vol 1 No 3 (2022): Usadha: Jurnal Integrasi Obat Tradisional
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/usadha.v1i3.4588

Abstract

Indonesia is a country with abundant natural wealth. Almost all kinds of plants can grow in this country. Most have been used since ancient times to treat various diseases. One of the efficacious plants used as medicine is the Dewandaru fruit (Eugenia uniflora L.). This study aims to identify the presence of flavonoid compounds in the Dewandaru fruit (Eugenia uniflora L.) and test the in vitro activity of the ethanol extract of the Dewandaru fruit. Dewandaru fruit extract (Eugenia uniflora L.) was prepared using the maceration extraction method with 96% ethanol solvent. The extraction process was carried out three times. The extract obtained was concentrated in a rotary evaporator at 40-45 °C and then dried in an oven at 40°C. The extracts obtained were identified by means of ultraviolet visible spectrophotometry thin-layer chromatography. obtained showed a positive reaction in the pre-test of flavonoids seen from the separation of red and from the separation of orange stains on thin-layer chromatography. The results of the in vitro test for the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of Dewandaru fruit showed an IC50 activity of 53.44 ppm.
Studi Bioinformatika Kandungan Curzerene Pada Daun Dewandaru (Eugenia uniflora Linn.) Sebagai Antikanker Prostate Melalui Pensinyalan PI3K: Studi Bioinformatika Kandungan Curzerene Pada Daun Dewandaru (Eugenia uniflora Linn.) Sebagai Antikanker Prostate Melalui Pensinyalan PI3K Andriese, Ni Putu Sri Ayu Sevilla Andriese; Santoso, Puguh; Ari Candra, Agung; Surya Rahadi, I Wayan
Usadha Vol 2 No 1 (2023): Usadha: Jurnal Integrasi Obat Tradisional
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/usadha.v2i1.6733

Abstract

One of the original Indonesian plants that has medicinal properties is Dewandaru (Eugenia uniflora Linn.). Dewandaru shows cytotoxic activity against cancer cells so it has the potential to be used as a drug preparation. The potential compound from the leaves of Dewandaru is Curzerene. This research was conducted to identify the interaction between the compounds of dewadaru leaves and PI3K receptors in prostate cancer. This study uses a computational method known as molecular docking. Bond energies, visualization of bonds, and types of bonds between compounds and receptors were observed. The PI3K receptor has fulfilled the method validation test requirements. The results showed that compounds from the dewadaru plant could inhibit one target protein from prostate cancer which was expressed with the lowest ∆Gbinding value, namely Curzerene compound (-7.65 kcal/mol) in PI3K protein. The interaction between Curzerene compounds has a lower binding energy value when compared to the original ligands at the PI3K receptor. Thus, it can be concluded that the Curzerene compound in the dewadaru plant used in the study has a good interaction with the PI3K receptor in prostate cancer. This compound has the potential to be developed as an anticancer drug. It is necessary to carry out in vivo testing and modification of the structure of the compound so that it can be used as an effective anticancer therapy in prostate cancer. Keywords: Prostate cancer, Curzerene, Dewandaru leaves, In silico
Efek Ekstrak Etanol Buah Dewandaru (Eugenia uniflora L) terhadap Penurunan Kadar Glukosa Darah dan Perbaikan Sel Beta Pankreas pada Mencit yang Diinduksi Aloksan Maharani, Ade Dwi Karisma; Santoso, Puguh; Udayani, Ni Nyoman Wahyu
Usadha Vol 2 No 1 (2023): Usadha: Jurnal Integrasi Obat Tradisional
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/usadha.v2i1.7384

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from impaired insulin secretion. Dewandaru fruit (Eugenia uniflora L.) contains flavonoids which act as free radical scavengers and reduce oxidative stress. This study aims to prove that the administration of ethanol extract of dewadaru fruit at doses of 200 mg/KgBW and 400 mg/KgB can reduce blood glucose levels and repair damage to pancreatic β cells in alloxan-induced male white mice (Rattus norvegicus) wistar strain diabetes mellitus. This study used 32 mice aged 2-3 months weighing 25 grams intraperitoneally induced by alloxan (0.5 ml/kg). Mice were divided into four treatment groups, namely K- (alloxan), K+ (glibenclamide), P1 (dose of dewadaru fruit extract 200 mg/kgBB), P2 (dose of dewadaru fruit extract 400 mg/kgBB) Quantitative data by calculating blood glucose levels and the number of pancreatic β cells were analyzed using Paired T-Test. P2 is the dose of dewadaru fruit extract 400 mg/kg BW. In the repair of pancreatic β cells it was stated that the average damage to pancreatic β cells at a dose of 200 mg/KgBB was 67.5 and at a dose of 400 mg/KgBW was 89.1. This study proves that the ethanol extract of dewadaru fruit is able to lower blood glucose and inhibit the rate of damage to pancreatic β cells in mice with diabetes mellitus. Keywords: dewadaru, diabetes mellitus, blood glucose, pancreatic β cells
Uji Aktivitas Antiinflamasi serta Toksisitas Senyawa Peristrophine terhadap Reseptor Prostaglandin Sintase 2 (PTGS2) secara In Silico Gunawan, I Putu Windra; Santoso, Puguh; Pramitha, Dewa Ayu Ika; Adrianta, Ketut Agus
Usadha Vol 1 No 1 (2021): Usadha: Jurnal Integrasi Obat Tradisional
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang banyak memiliki kasus penyakit yang diakibatkan oleh inflamasi. Rasa sakit atau nyeri sering menjadi penyebab gangguan aktivitas sehari-hari. Inflamasi merupakan suatu respon dari tubuh yang terjadi akibat cedera maupun infeksi. Peristrophine adalah salah satu turunan senyawa antosianin yang berasal dari tanaman magenta (Peristrophe bivalvis L. Merr). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antiinflamasi dan nilai LD50 dari senyawa peristrophine secara komputasi. Metode dalam penelitian ini dilakukan secara in silico untuk meminimalisir terjadinya kegagalan pada uji in vivo ataupun in vitro. Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan data makromolekul yang dipakai sebagai reseptor yang didapatkan dari situs web Protein Data Bank (PDB) dengan PDB ID 5IKR menggunakan native ligand asam mefenamat sebagai senyawa pembanding. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah senyawa peristrophine memiliki nilai aktivitas sebesar -6.90 kkal/mol pada asam amino Tyr 385A dengan nilai toksisitas 650,974 mg/kg, sedangkan asam mefenamat memiliki nilai aktivitas sebesar -7.58 kkal/mol dengan nilai toksisitas 595.50 mg/kg. Dari hasil yang didapat, seyawa peristrophine diprediksi memiliki aktivitas farmakologi sebagai antiinflmasi.
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Sediaan Gel Hand Sanitizer Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kaktus Pakis Giwang (Euphorbia milli) Terhadap Bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa Putra, I Made Agus Sunadi; Putri, Ni Putu Devi Nirmala; Santoso, Puguh
Usadha Vol 4 No 2 (2025): Usadha : Jurnal Integrasi Obat Tradisional
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/usadha.v4i02.7434

Abstract

The Covid-19 pandemic has heightened public awareness of hand hygiene thus creating a demand for safe and effective natural-based hand sanitizers. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of hand sanitizer gel containing ethanol extract of Euphorbia milli leaves against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The extract was obtained through maceration of 500 g of powdered leaves in 70% ethanol and formulated into gels with concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15% using CMC-Na, glycerin, propylene glycol, and methyl paraben as base ingredients. Physical quality tests included organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, and spreadability, while antibacterial activity was assessed using the disc diffusion method on Mueller Hinton Agar. All formulations showed brown colour, homogeneous texture, and pH averaging 5.5, meeting standard requirements. The spreadability ranged between 5.0–6.0 cm, indicating good application consistency. Inhibition zone diameters against P. aeruginosa increased with extract concentration: 6.52 ± 0.26 mm (5%), 7.51 ± 0.30 mm (10%), and 8.39 ± 0.35 mm (15%), whereas the positive control (Ciprofloxacin 5 µg) produced 29.92 ± 1.06 mm and the negative control showed 0 mm. Based on inhibition zone classification, all formulations exhibited moderate antibacterial activity. In conclusion, the ethanol extract of Euphorbia milli leaves demonstrates antibacterial potential against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with effectiveness increasing proportionally to concentration, suggesting its potential as a natural active ingredient for hand sanitizer formulations
Skrining Fitokimia Dan Efek Antikoagulan Eliksir Dari Ekstrak Buah Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.) Pada Tikus Putih Santoso, Puguh; Putri, Noviana; Wibawa, Agung Ari Chandra
Usadha Vol 4 No 3 (2025): Usadha : Jurnal Integrasi Obat Tradisional
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/usadha.v4i3.13154

Abstract

The increasing prevalence of thrombosis as a manifestation of hemostatic dysfunction has prompted the search for safer and more accessible alternative anticoagulant agents. Morinda citrifolia L. (noni fruit) contains various bioactive compounds suspected to modulate blood coagulation pathways. This study aimed to evaluate the anticoagulant effectiveness of an elixir formulated from ethanolic extract of noni fruit on the bleeding time of male white rats (Rattus norvegicus). A post-test only randomized group design was employed, consisting of four treatment groups: negative control (aquadest), positive control (acetosal 80 mg), elixir at 40 mg/kgBW, and elixir at 80 mg/kgBW. The extract was prepared by ethanol maceration and then formulated into elixirs, followed by physical quality testing. Anticoagulant activity was assessed by measuring tail bleeding time. Results indicated that the elixir at 80 mg/kgBW significantly prolonged the bleeding time compared to other groups. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and steroids as dominant constituents. The findings demonstrate that the noni fruit elixir possesses anticoagulant activity, with the higher dose yielding the most pronounced effect. This study concludes that Morinda citrifolia has strong potential to be developed as a natural anticoagulant in pharmaceutical applications.
Co-Authors Adrianta, Agus Agung Ari Chandra Wibawa Agustin, Ni Kadek Jessica Agustini, Ni Putu Dewi Andriese, Ni Putu Sri Ayu Sevilla Andriese Ari Candra, Agung Arieza, Ziva Baihaqi, Abyan Brian Wasita Cintya Purnama Sari, Ni Wayan Darmayanti, Gusti Ayu Putu Eka Darmayanti, Rofik Debby Juliadi Dewa Ayu Ika Pramitha Dwi Rahayu Elfi Quyumi Rahmawati Enggar Anggraeni, Enggar Erna Cahyaningsih Esmani, Neri Fajar Rinawati Fredinan Yulianda Gunawan, I Putu Windra Hengky Irawan, Hengky Heny Kristanto I Putu Tangkas Suwantara Ketut Agus Adrianta Krisnawati, Dyah Ika Kristanto , Heny Laksmi, Luh Putri Dianti Linda Paramita, Ni Kadek Madjid, Adnan Maharani, Ade Dwi Karisma Malik, Ichsan Maria Dewi, Ni Putu Megawati, Fitria Moh. Sholahuddin Muchamad Syamsulhadi, Muchamad Muhammad Agus Muljanto Nggaba, Ellenoire Rambu Kabeba Hammu Ni Luh Kade Arman Anita Dewi Ni Made Dwi Mara Widyani Nayaka Ni Nyoman Wahyu Udayani Nurita, Nurita Pariyatman, M. Harland Pridanatama, Annas Priesdiantoro, Rasid Pujo Widodo, Pujo Puspitasari, Betristasia Putra Hilmi Prayitno Putra, I Made Agus Sunadi Putri, Leoni Putri, Ni Putu Devi Nirmala Putri, Noviana Putri, Nurita Nilasari Bunga Kharisma Arifiana Putu Era Sandhi Kusuma Yuda Sandhi Kusuma Yuda, Putu Era Sari, Ni Wayan Budi setyowati, novita Sri Budiasih, Putu Eka Sucipto Sugiantari, Ni Putu Siska Sukendro, Achmed Surya Rahadi, I Wayan Vernandes Sasadara, Maria Malida Wardani, I Gusti Agung Ayu Kusuma Yunarsih Yuni A, Dinar Yunita, Astri Yuwono, Moch.