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Journal : Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science

Phytochemical Profiling, Antibacterial Properties and Toxicity of Amla Fruit Tea (Phyllanthus emblica L.): An In Vitro and In Silico Study Cahyaningrum, Putu Lakustini; Sudaryati, Ni Luh Gede; Bogoriani, Ni Wayan; Asih, Ida Ayu Raka Astiti; Adnyana, I Made Dwi Mertha; Jenar, Putut Dewantha
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Articles in Press
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.284

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance represents a critical global health challenge, necessitating the exploration of alternative therapeutic agents. This study investigated the antimicrobial potential of amla fruit tea (Phyllanthus emblica L.) through comprehensive phytochemical characterization, antibacterial assessment, and computational modeling to identify potential mechanisms of action. LC-HRMS analysis was employed for phytochemical profiling, antibacterial activity was evaluated via disk diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and molecular docking studies were conducted against tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase and FimH adhesin proteins. Analysis identified 89 bioactive compounds, with oxidized hydroxytetrahydrofuranyl acetate, L-α-palmitin, and ellagic acid predominating. Antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli was evaluated via the disk diffusion method, revealing that moderate inhibition increased at higher concentrations (25%) and with extended exposure, with E. coli exhibiting greater susceptibility than S. aureus. Molecular docking studies against tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (S. aureus) and FimH adhesin protein (E. coli) identified the W-18 benzenesulfonamide derivative as the most promising compound, which demonstrated strong binding affinities of -11.01 and -7.48 kcal/mol, respectively. While all five principal compounds met Lipinski's drug-likeness criteria, toxicological assessment revealed varying safety profiles, with two compounds classified as "possibly hazardous" and two as "toxic when swallowed." These findings suggest that amla fruit tea has antibacterial properties through two mechanisms: disruption of protein synthesis and bacterial adhesion. However, its efficacy remains considerably lower than that of conventional antibiotics, suggesting potential applications as complementary therapy rather than antibiotic replacement.
Co-Authors Agustini, Desak Gede Dwi Al Karina, Citra Anak Agung Komang Suardana Ariastuti, Indria Artha Budi Susila Duarsa Arundani, Prima Asik Surya Bimantara, Riza Fajar Biutifasari, Verna Budi Utomo Cruz, Zito Viegas da da Cruz , Zito Viegas Dewi, Gusti Ayu Putu Wahyu Purnama Dewi, Ni Luh Made Noviana Dwinka Syafira Eljatin Eljatin, Dwinka S. Farachatus Salwa Salsabila Azhari Hafinuddin Hafinuddin Herdiyantini, Mita I P. Sudiartawan I Putu Sudiartawan I Wayan Wahyudi, I Wayan I. A. R. Astiti Asih Indrayanti, Ni Komang Rina Ismail Muhammad Jundaeng, Jarupat Juniastuti Juniastuti Kusman Ibrahim Liliawanti Luh Nik Armini Lutfian, Lutfian Machado, Filipe de Neri Mahendra, Kadek Adi Maulana, Sidik Muhamad Frendy Setyawan Muhammad Bayu Zohari Hutagalung Muhammad Ridho Akbar Eljatin Muhammad Rizal N. W. Bogoriani Nadya Aisyah Sasqia Putri Ni Ketut Ayu Juliasih Ni Luh Gede Sudaryati Nuartha, Pande Komang Aditya Ryan Panduyasa, I Gede Pereira, Abrão J. Prabowo, Sang Kompyang Yudistira Eddy Pramita Anindya Nugraheni Prasetya, Hanung Pratama A., Ronald Prima Arundani Putra, I Gede Satya Wijaya Putra, Oki Nugraha Putri, Ida Ayu Govinda Lazenobia De Sanjaya Putu Lakustini Cahyaningrum Putut Dewantha Jenar Raza, Syed Meesam Ronald Pratama Adiwinoto Sadya Wendra Savitri, Ida Ayu Gede Winda Setiadi M Noor Soedarsono Soedarsono Sridana, I Nyoman STEFANUS DJONI HUSODO Suardana, A.A Komang Sudaryati, Ni LG. Sudiartawan, I Putu Sugiarta, Ketut Merdana Sundari, Ni Luh Putu Ari Suniartini, Ketut Suwandani, Ni Made Ayu Syed Meesam Raza Tasalina Yohana Parameswari Gustam Tika, Fanny Eprilia Ulwani, Qulistan Balqis Umar, Tungki Pratama Uswatun Hasanah Widiastiti, Ni Nyoman Widyantari, Dewa Ayu Wijayaningrum, Lena Wyasena, Pande Nyoman Tri Saguna Zuriat Zuriat