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Journal : journal of multidisciplinary applied natural science

Phytochemical Profiling, Antibacterial Properties and Toxicity of Amla Fruit Tea (Phyllanthus emblica L.): An In Vitro and In Silico Study Cahyaningrum, Putu Lakustini; Sudaryati, Ni Luh Gede; Bogoriani, Ni Wayan; Asih, Ida Ayu Raka Astiti; Adnyana, I Made Dwi Mertha; Jenar, Putut Dewantha
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Articles in Press
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.284

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance represents a critical global health challenge, necessitating the exploration of alternative therapeutic agents. This study investigated the antimicrobial potential of amla fruit tea (Phyllanthus emblica L.) through comprehensive phytochemical characterization, antibacterial assessment, and computational modeling to identify potential mechanisms of action. LC-HRMS analysis was employed for phytochemical profiling, antibacterial activity was evaluated via disk diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and molecular docking studies were conducted against tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase and FimH adhesin proteins. Analysis identified 89 bioactive compounds, with oxidized hydroxytetrahydrofuranyl acetate, L-α-palmitin, and ellagic acid predominating. Antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli was evaluated via the disk diffusion method, revealing that moderate inhibition increased at higher concentrations (25%) and with extended exposure, with E. coli exhibiting greater susceptibility than S. aureus. Molecular docking studies against tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (S. aureus) and FimH adhesin protein (E. coli) identified the W-18 benzenesulfonamide derivative as the most promising compound, which demonstrated strong binding affinities of -11.01 and -7.48 kcal/mol, respectively. While all five principal compounds met Lipinski's drug-likeness criteria, toxicological assessment revealed varying safety profiles, with two compounds classified as "possibly hazardous" and two as "toxic when swallowed." These findings suggest that amla fruit tea has antibacterial properties through two mechanisms: disruption of protein synthesis and bacterial adhesion. However, its efficacy remains considerably lower than that of conventional antibiotics, suggesting potential applications as complementary therapy rather than antibiotic replacement.
Genetic Diversity and Multiplicity of Plasmodium falciparum Infection in Southeast Asia: New Insights from a Systematic Review Praswitasari, Rengganis; Husada, Dominicus; Hasan, Nur Aini; Adnyana, I Made Dwi Mertha
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Articles in Press
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.357

Abstract

Plasmodium falciparum caused four million new malaria cases in Southeast Asia in 2023, with heterogeneous transmission patterns and the development of artemisinin resistance. The merozoite surface protein genes (msp-1 and msp-2) serve as genetic markers for analyzing the parasite population structure and multiplicity of infection (MOI). However, a comprehensive synthesis of regional data is limited. This study aimed to determine the genetic diversity and MOI of P. falciparum in Southeast Asia. This systematic review was guided by PRISMA guidelines with searches in the Scopus, PubMed, ProQuest, and Google Scholar databases (2014–2024). The inclusion criterion was observational studies, analyzing the genetic diversity of P. falciparum via msp-1 and msp-2 markers in Southeast Asia. The extracted data included the frequency of msp-1 and msp-2 family alleles, the prevalence of polyclonal infections, and the mean MOI value. Quality assessment was performed via the joanna briggs institute critical appraisal tools with narrative synthesis following the synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM) guidelines. Fifteen studies; Indonesia (40%), Thailand (26.67%), Myanmar (20%), Vietnam and Malaysia (6.66%) with 1,830 samples successfully genotyped from 2,130 collected samples. The MAD20 (msp-1) allele dominated most locations, with frequencies of up to 100% in Lampung. The distribution of msp-2 alleles showed geographical variation, with FC27 dominating in Papua (96.2%) and 3D7/IC in Vietnam (97.0%). The prevalence of polyclonal infection ranged from 0-84.6%, with MOI values ranging from 1.0-2.93. The hyperendemic areas presented high MOIs (>2.0), whereas the hypoendemic areas presented MOIs close to 1.0, confirming a positive correlation with malaria transmission intensity. The P. falciparum population in Southeast Asia shows high genetic diversity, with geographically variable allele distribution patterns, and MOI values are correlated with malaria endemicity levels. These findings support the need for regional molecular surveillance and a polyvalent approach to the development of msp-based vaccines.
Co-Authors Agustini, Desak Gede Dwi Al Karina, Citra Alief Qobidh Al Bashor Arifin Alreva Muhazier Jayaputra Anak Agung Komang Suardana Anggelia Puspasari Annissa Delfira Ariastuti, Indria Armaidi Darmawan Artha Budi Susila Duarsa Arundani, Prima Asik Surya Asrica Fitri Yonera Asty, Zahra Frizki Attiya Istarini ATTIYA ISTARINI Aulia Cempakasari Bimantara, Riza Fajar Biutifasari, Verna Budi Utomo Cruz, Zito Viegas da da Cruz , Zito Viegas Dea Anenta Veonika Denok Tri Hardiningsih Dewi Syahputri Dewi, Gusti Ayu Putu Wahyu Purnama Dominicus Husada Dwinka Syafira Eljatin Ekaputri, Tia Wida Eljatin, Dwinka S. Elsa Mega Suryani Erny Kusdiyah Esa Indah Ayudia Farachatus Salwa Salsabila Azhari Firdha Yekti Hutami Fitriyanti Fitriyanti Fitriyanti Hafinuddin Hafinuddin Hafizah Hafizah Hanung Prasetya Harahap, Huntari Herdiyantini, Mita I Nyoman Sridana I P. Sudiartawan I Putu Sudiartawan I Wayan Wahyudi, I Wayan I. A. R. Astiti Asih Indrayanti, Ni Komang Rina Irawan Anasta Putra Jundaeng, Jarupat Juniastuti Juniastuti Kadek Adi Mahendra Ketut Merdana Sugiarta Ketut Suniartini Kusman Ibrahim Lena Wijayaningrum Liliawanti Lipinwati Lipinwati ., Lipinwati Luh Nik Armini Lutfian, Lutfian Machado, Filipe de Neri Mahendra, Kadek Adi Maulana, Sidik Maykon Jhuly Martins de Paiva Miftahurrahma Miftahurrahma Muhamad Frendy Setyawan Muhammad Bayu Zohari Hutagalung Muhammad Ridho Akbar Eljatin Muhammad Rizal Muhammad Rizky Pratama N. W. Bogoriani Nadya Aisyah Sasqia Putri Ni Ketut Ayu Juliasih Ni Luh Gede Sudaryati Ni Luh Gede Sudaryati Ni Luh Made Noviana Dewi Niken Irfa Nastiti Niken Irfa Nastiti Niken Irfa Nastiti Nisa Haska Maulina Nuartha, Pande Komang Aditya Ryan Nur Aini Hasan Nurul Qalbi Alrani Nurul Uswatun Hasanah Panduyasa, I Gede Pereira, Abrão J. Prabowo, Sang Kompyang Yudistira Eddy Pramita Anindya Nugraheni Pramita Anindya Nugraheni Prasetya, Hanung Praswitasari, Rengganis Pratama A., Ronald Prima Arundani Putra, I Gede Satya Wijaya Putra, Oki Nugraha Putri, Ida Ayu Govinda Lazenobia De Sanjaya Putu Lakustini Cahyaningrum Putut Dewantha Jenar Putut Dewantha Jenar Qulistan Balqis Ulwani Raza, Syed Meesam Renata Prameswari Rini Pratiwi Ronald Pratama Adiwinoto Ronald Pratama Adiwinoto Ronald Pratama Adiwinoto Sadya Wendra Savitri, Ida Ayu Gede Winda Setiadi M Noor Soedarsono Soedarsono Stefanus Djoni Husodo Suardana, A.A Komang Sudaryati, Ni LG. Sudiartawan, I Putu Sundari, Ni Luh Putu Ari Suwandani, Ni Made Ayu Syed Meesam Raza Tasalina Yohana Parameswari Gustam Tasalina Yohana Parameswari Gustam Tengku Arief Buana Perkasa Tia Wida Ekaputri Tia Wida Ekaputri Hz Tiara Rahmawati Tika, Fanny Eprilia Umar, Tungki Pratama Uswatun Hasanah Widiastiti, Ni Nyoman Widyantari, Dewa Ayu Wyasena, Pande Nyoman Tri Saguna Zito Viegas da Cruz Zuriat Zuriat