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Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 2085191X     EISSN : 23387610     DOI : https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education {PISSN 2085-191X| EISSN 2338-7610} published scientific papers on the results of biology and biology education research {see Focus and Scope}. Editor accepts the article has not been published in other media with the writing format as listed on page manuscript writing guidelines {see Author Guidelines}. The journal published three times a year, on April, August & December and published by Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Pendidikan
Articles 107 Documents
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First Record of Free-Living Nematode Ironus dentifurcatus Argo & Heyns, 1972 (Ironidae: Enoplida) From Indonesia Pradana, Ankardiansyah Pandu; Yoshiga, Toyoshi
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol. 17 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i1.20990

Abstract

Free-living nematodes often serve as the bioindicators of environmental quality. These nematodes are highly sensitive to even minute changes in the environment. Studies related to the presence of free-living nematodes have flourished, but to date, only a few studies have investigated the morphological and molecular characterization of free-living nematodes from agroecosystems in Indonesia. This study aimed to characterize the free-living nematode Ironus spp. from the rhizosphere of Arabica coffee plants in Bondowoso Regency, Indonesia. Nematodes were extracted from the soil using the white-head tray method and then preserved in a DESS solution to maintain their morphology and DNA. The morphometric analysis of Ironus species obtained in this study showed that the nematode species is identical to Ironus dentifurcatus. The small subunit (SSU) region of rDNA of the nematode was successfully amplified using primers (SSU F07 and SSU R 81). The results of phylogenetic analysis and sequence homology showed that the sequence in this study showed up to 95% homology to Ironus spp. In the database. This is the first study documenting I. dentifurcatus in Indonesia that integrates morphological and molecular characterization.
A Story-Based Virtual Laboratory Practicum in an Undergraduate Genetics Course to Improve Concept Understanding and Visual Literacy Fibriana, Fidia; Abidin, Zaenal; Naufal, M Ahganiya; Febriyanto, Hendra; Alma’ruf, Fattah; Nurazizah, Kaylha Salsabilla; Ningrum, Nuraini Septia; Upaichit, Apichat
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i2.23901

Abstract

Genetic concepts, particularly DNA technology, often lead to misconceptions among students. Integrating a virtual laboratory (VL) into coursework presents an innovative approach to enhancing concept understanding and visual literacy through interactive, story-based simulations that bridge theory and practice. This study aimed to analyze the students' concept understanding and visual literacy improvement by applying a VL to teach DNA Test Simulation (Paternity Test) using a contextual narrative method. The research was conducted in the Science Education undergraduate program with a purposive total sampling of students enrolled in Genetics (First Semester 2024/2025), utilizing an open-source web-based VL platform. Pretest and posttest assessments measured students' concept understanding and visual literacy before and after VL integration. The findings reveal a significant improvement, with concept understanding rising from an average pretest score of 42.6 to posttest 69.9 (N-Gain 0.46) and visual literacy increasing from 53.8 to 71.8 (N-Gain 0.37). Furthermore, 97% of students were satisfied with the VL-based learning method. This research contributes to knowledge and science development by demonstrating that VL can improve concept learning and visual literacy in genetics education. It offers an accessible and scalable solution for teaching complex DNA technology concepts, reducing reliance on costly wet laboratory experiments while maintaining scientific rigor. Beyond academia, the study supports broader educational equity, making advanced molecular biology concepts more available to diverse learners and fostering scientific literacy in society.
Agronomic Traits of Direct-Seeded Rice (Oryza sativa) Applied with Microbial Inoculants and Varying Fertilizer Levels Inocencio, Leo G.; Edaño, Ma. Lourdes; Sta. Cruz, Pompe; Ocampo, Eureka Teresa; Sanchez, Pearl
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i2.24324

Abstract

The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of microbial inoculants and nutrient levels on the agronomic performance of dry direct-seeded NSIC Rc192 rice under aerobic conditions. Six biofertilizer treatments (control, Bio-N, BioGroe, Mykovam, MykoPlus, and Avatar) were combined with four nutrient levels (0 %, 25 %, 50 %, and 75 % NP + full K). The study aimed to assess the impact of these treatments on root colonization, tiller production, and overall plant growth. Root and soil colonization at 60 days after sowing (DAS) revealed that MykoPlus facilitated more effective root colonization than other inoculants. However, unfavorable environmental conditions, including high temperatures and moisture deficits, negatively impacted tiller production and grain yield. Despite these challenges, BioGroe showed the most promise, significantly enhancing root development and tiller count, particularly when combined with 50 % NP + full K. The study concluded that microbial inoculants, especially BioGroe, can improve rice growth under aerobic conditions, but environmental factors are crucial in determining their effectiveness. Further research is needed to optimize these inoculants for varying environmental conditions to maximize their benefits in rice cultivation.
Modulatory Effects of Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) Fruit Polysaccharide Syrup on IgG Production and T Cell Activity Anwar, La Ode Muhammad; Sasmito, Ediati; Rasydy, La Ode Akbar; Ismoyowati, Tri Wahyuni; Hashim, Salma Hilmy Rusydi; Siregar, Rohani; Hutagaol, Emmelia Kristina; Bratajaya, Cicilia Nony Ayuningsih; Sartika, Aprilina; Sanjaya, Dandi; Rohmah, Hajar Nur Fathur; Ximenes, Joao Manuel Correia
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i2.26258

Abstract

Noni fruit containing polysaccharides, has the potential to be developed into pharmaceutical products such as SPF syrup. The content of noni fruit polysaccharides is known to increase the proliferation of T lymphocyte cells, the regulation of the immune system molecularly, especially with regard to antibodies (IgG), CD4+, and CD8+, is still not widely studied. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of SPF syrup on the modulation of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and T lymphocytes. The study was conducted on female Wistar rats aged 8-9 months, which were given SPF syrup orally at doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kgBB for 31 days. Mice were vaccinated against hepatitis B every week. Blood samples were taken on day 31 to measure IgG levels by the ELISA method and T cells (CD4+ and CD8+) by flow cytometry. The results showed that SPF administration had a significant effect on IgG levels (p<0.05), and there were no significant changes in T lymphocyte cells (CD4+, CD8+) (p>0.05). Histopathological examination showed that long-term induction of hepatitis B caused damage to the liver and kidney, but SPF did not affect the condition of these organs. SPF that contains polysaccharides can be an innovative component in immunostimulant formulations.
Evaluating the Economic Value of Above-Ground Biomass Carbon Stocks in the Urban Forests of Banda Aceh City Dharma, Wira; Yasmin, Yekki; Ariqah, Nada; Harnelly, Essy; Rizki, Alia; Fitri, Lenni; Amirunnas , Amirunnas; Rauzana, Anita; Zakaria, Rahmad
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i2.24368

Abstract

Urban forests play a pivotal role in climate change mitigation by storing carbon in biomass. However, the economic valuation of this ecosystem service in Banda Aceh City remains underexplored. This study aims to quantify aboveground biomass carbon stocks and assess their economic value in six selected urban forests across the city. Non-destructive sampling was conducted using 20 × 20 m plots to measure tree diameter, estimate biomass using species-specific allometric equations, and calculate carbon content (C = 0.5 × B). A carbon price of US$50/ton was applied for economic valuation. The total carbon stock was estimated at 11,579 tons, with Putroe Phang Forest contributing the highest proportion (45%). The corresponding economic value was approximately IDR 3.42 billion. A strong positive correlation (R² = 0.9859) was observed between tree diameter and biomass. This study presents a novel economic perspective on urban forest carbon in Banda Aceh by integrating ecological data with financial valuation. The findings underscore the importance of incorporating carbon trading mechanisms into urban planning to strengthen ecosystem service assessments and climate policy implementation.
Optimizing Canang Flower Waste Extract for Staining Fasciolopsis buski Eggs: An Enhancement of the Kato-Katz Method I Komang Tri Yasa Widnyana; Kadek Indira Maheswari; Putu Sathiya Adi Janendra; Dewa Gede Putra Mahayana; Indra Dwisaputra; Made Bayu Permasutha; Irma Rahmayani; Pasala, Metamalik
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i2.22829

Abstract

Fasciolopsis buski is a parasitic helminth that can infect humans. Diagnosing helminthiasis can be confirmed through fecal testing utilizing the Kato-Katz method.  The Kato-Katz method employs methylene blue staining, which poses environmental hazards due to its carcinogenic characteristics. An alternative to staining is the use of a canang, a common Balinese item used for prayers. The utilized waste canang flowers were Tagetes erecta, Impatiens balsamina (red), and Impatiens balsamina (purple). The research began with an extraction procedure that involved cutting the flowers into small pieces, resulting in approximately 500 grams of fragments. The flower components were macerated in two liters of 96% ethanol for five days. Additionally, cellophane immersion of the extracted findings was performed. The findings indicated that each sample from the three treatment groups (T1, 1%; T2, 2%; and T3, 3%) and the two control groups.  Sub-analysis testing evaluated the quantity of helminth eggs, quantified as eggs per gram of feces via field-of-view observation. The T3 (3%) exhibited results that were not statistically significantly different (P>0.05) from the positive control group. The T3 (3%) test provides the most favorable and optimal results as a substitute for methylene blue in microscopic staining evaluations.
Trichomes Characterization of Ornamental Plants Begonia spp (Begoniaceae) Hakapaa, Adriana; Sinay, Hermalina; Karuwal, Ritha Lusian; Gusmalawati, Dwi
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i2.21854

Abstract

The presence of sharp needle-shaped hairs on the leaf surface of the ornamental begonia plants is recognized as a trichome that has not been widely studied. This research aimed to determine the characteristics of trichomes of Begonia’s leaves in Ambon. The plant material used was the Begonia species that was explored in Ambon and private collections. Identification of plant species, scientific and trade names was carried out by comparison of the sample plants' characteristics with online data and references. Trichome observations were carried out using the whole mount method with 400x magnification using the Optilab camera of the Olympus microscope. Trichome’s shape and type were described based on the obtained pictures, while number and length were the average of 10 fields of view, from 3 replications, and displayed as mean ± standard deviation (mean ± SD).  The 21 Begonia species were collected, and their trichome was characterized. In general, the Begonia’s trichome consists of structure like base, median or body and tip, uniseriate and multiseriate types, needle or cone shape, and glandular or non glandular. The average length of trichomes range from 29.80-233.47 µm.  Based on these results, it can be concluded that the trichomes on the leaves of Begonia ornamental plants in Ambon City have variations in type, shape, number and size. This result is expected to be new information or references for those who interest in developing Begonia species, especially in classifying begonias based on their trichomes characteristics.
Agronomic, Yield, and Yield Potential of Rainfed Lowland Rice Varieties under Masbate Conditions Dollison, Mohammad; Basulgan, Eddie B.; Dollison, Beverly B.
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i2.21979

Abstract

The increasing demand for rice as a staple food for Filipinos is important to sustain the country's self-sufficiency in rice. Masbate is an agricultural province of the Bicol region, Philippines, where rice is a staple food and a primary crop produced. Adaptability of improved rice varieties to different locations is important to increase productivity. This study evaluated the agronomic, yield, and yield potential of different rainfed rice varieties under Masbate conditions. The study used a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four treatments, replicated three times. Data such as plant height at maturity, days to flowering, productive tillers, number of spikelets per panicle, number of filled grains, the weight of hundred grains in grams, and yield per hectare in tons were gathered. Data were analyzed using the ANOVA in RCBD and a post-hoc analysis using Tukey's HSD test for observed significant differences. The result showed a significant difference in plant height in centimeters, number of spikelets, and percentage of filled grains. However, a nonsignificant difference was obtained in the days to flowering, the number of productive tillers, the weight of a hundred grains, and yield per hectare in tons. Regarding yield and yield potential of different rainfed varieties, the NSIC Rc 272 and NSIC Rc 278 obtained the highest yield performance among the four varieties. The study's findings highlight the potential of different rainfed rice varieties as a new option for rice production. Further research is recommended using different rice varieties developed and fertilizer management practices for better yield output.
Correlation of Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Promoter (hTERT) Gene Methylation and Ageing Nihayah, Silviatun; Wening Sari; Yusnita, Yusnita; Intan Razari; Kinasih Prayuni; Utomo, Ahmad Rusdan Handoyo
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i2.22038

Abstract

Promoter methylation of the hTERT gene in blood DNA has been proposed to be an epigenetic molecular clock because it is negatively correlated with ageing. Saliva is an alternative source of DNA because it contains buccal cells. Currently, the correlation of hTERT promoter methylation and ageing using saliva is not known. This study aimed to determine: first, the correlation between hTERT promoter methylation and ageing in saliva, as a source of non-invasive DNA sampling, instead of blood was determined. Second, the influence of sex on the methylation of the hTERT promoter in ageing was evaluated. A cross-sectional study design was used, and 119 subjects were recruited, consisting of 25 children (1-5 y.o), 42 teens (17-19 y.o), 16 adults (20-50 y.o), and 36 elderly (60 to 84 y.o). Promoter methylation of the hTERT of extracted DNA was determined using the MSRE (methyl-specific restriction enzyme) method. The relationship between age and the percentage of hTERT methylation was assessed using the Pearson test. The percentage of hTERT methylation in saliva DNA was negatively correlated with age r= -0.4305 (p-value <0.05). Negative correlation was also found in men (r= -0.376) and women (r=-0.43). Negative correlation between hTERT and ageing has been confirmed in saliva as a noninvasive sampling method. The benefit of this research in ethical and social considerations may encourage a greater participation in ageing research, particularly in underprivileged communities, thus democratising access to scientific advancements in longevity studies.
Inhibitory Effect of Aqueous Garlic (Allium sativum) Bulb Extract on Growth and Physiological Response Dynamics of Two Palm Species Setiyanto, Afif Eka Rahma; Nashafi, Azizuddin Muhammad; Turhadi, Turhadi; Siswanto, Dian
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i2.22108

Abstract

The Merrill palm (Adonidia merrillii) and the Yellow palm (Dypsis lutescens) are hosts of various pests. Garlic (Allium sativum) phytochemicals are applied as a phytopesticide and affect the plant host as well. On the other hand, studies related to garlic phytochemicals' effect on these palms are limited.  The present study was conducted to explore the effect of aqueous garlic bulb extract (AGBE) on the Merrill palm and the Yellow palm on those physiological dynamics and growth responses to apply the best concentration as a phytopesticide and observe the palm performance. AGBE is conducted by maceration and application by spraying. Variation AGBE concentrations were 12.5 g/100 mL, 25 g/100 mL, and 50 g/100 mL. The results revealed the profiles of the two palms were different, causing significant differences in growth, in which the Merrill palm was taller while Yellow palm greater leaf number increase; physiological response of two palms was not differing significantly on carbon dioxide concentration but differ significantly on stomatal opening percentage in 28 DAS (day after spraying) and chlorophyll content in 56 DAS; AGBE 25 g/100 mL suppress height increase significantly but leaf number increase not affected; AGBE did not influenced significantly on carbon dioxide, AGBE 50 g/100 mL significantly influenced on stomatal opening in 42 and 56 DAS but chlorophyll not significantly different, overall AGBE tend to inhibit all physiological response. This study concludes that AGBE concentrations in the current study are not recommended as a phytopesticide on both palms due to all concentrations generally inhibiting the growth and physiological response of these palms.

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