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All Journal Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi MPI (Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana) Pharmascience Farmasains : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Kefarmasian SELAPARANG: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Berkemajuan Jurnal Kreativitas PKM JCPS (Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Sciences) Pharmacoscript Lumbung Farmasi : Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian Borneo Journal Of Pharmascientech SPIN: Jurnal Kimia & Pendidikan Kimia Jurnal Mandala Pengabdian Masyarakat Jurnal Ilmiah Ibnu Sina (JIIS): Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Indonesian Community Journal Journal Borneo Jurnal Bakti Untuk Negeri Literasi: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat dan Inovasi Sains Medisina Jurnal Penelitian dan Kajian Ilmiah Kesehatan Politeknik Medica Farma Husada Mataram Parapemikir Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Jurnal Farmasi dan Farmakoinformatika Borneo Journal of Pharmacy Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung: Sains Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Fitriyanti, Fitriyanti
Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Borneo Lestari, Banjarbaru, Kalimantan Selatan, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Dentistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK METANOL DAUN RAMANIA (Bouea macrophylla Griffith) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus epidermidis Murniati, Murniati; Fitriyanti, Fitriyanti; Jamaludin, Wahyudin Bin
Parapemikir : Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Vol 13, No 1 (2024): Parapemikir : Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Politeknik Harapan Bersama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30591/pjif.v13i1.5786

Abstract

Daun ramania (B. Macrophylla Griffith) memiliki banyak manfaat dalam bidang kesehatan. Salah satu pemanfaatan sebagai tumbuhan obat yaitu dapat berefek sebagai antibakteri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terkandung di dalam ekstrak metanol daun Ramania (B.macrophylla Griffith) dan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak metanol daun ramania (B. macrophylla Griffith) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri S. epidermidis. Uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak dilakukan dengan metode difusi sumuran terhadap bakteri S. epidermidis dengan 5 konsentrasi yaitu konsentrasi 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% dan 50%. Kontrol positif Klindamisin 2µg/disk dan kontrol negatif Na-CMC 0,5%. Hasil skrining fitokimia ekstrak metanol daun Ramania (B. macrophylla Griffith) mengandung flavonoid, tanin, saponin, steroid, dan fenol. Hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak metanol  daun ramania (B. macrophylla Griffith) memperoleh nilai rata-rata diameter zona hambat dari konsentrasi 10% yaitu 9,875 dengan kategori sedang, pada konsentrasi 20%, 30%, 40%, dan 50% yaitu memiliki nilai masing-masing 11,338 mm; 13,44 mm; 16,025 mm; 16,4 mm dengan kategori kuat. Sedangkan pada kontrol positif Klindamisin 2 µg/disk yaitu 24,55 mm dengan kategori sangat kuat dan kontrol negatif Na-CMC 0,5% tidak memiliki daya hambat. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak metanol daun ramania (B. Macrophylla Griffith) mempunyai kemampuan sebagai antibakteri dalam kategori sedang, kuat, sampai sangat kuat dalam menghambat bakteri S. epidermidis.
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etil Asetat Daun Tigaron (Crataeva nurvala Buch.Ham) Terhadap Bakteri Propionibacterium acnes Dengan Metode Difusi Sumuran Sari, Putri Kartika; Sari, Novita; Fitriyanti, Fitriyanti
BORNEO JOURNAL OF PHARMASCIENTECH Vol 9 No 1 (2025): Borneo Journal Of Pharmascientech
Publisher : Universitas Borneo Lestari

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59053/bjp.v9i1.559

Abstract

Tigaron (C. nurvala buch.Ham.) is a plant can be found in India, Africa, Australia, Japan, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, India and China. Traditionally, the bark, leaves, flowers and root are used in traditional medicine to cure various disease conditions. The leaves of this plant used to treat abscesses, wounds and skin diseases. This study aims to determine of secondary metabolite and antibacterial activity test from ethyl acetate extract of tigaron leaves (C. nurvala buch.Ham.) in inhibiting growth of Propionibacterium acnes with varying concentration which are 0.31 mg/ml, 1.55 mg/ml, 7.75 mg/ml, 38.75 mg/ml, 193.75 mg/ml, negative control Na-CMC 0, 5% and positive control antibiotic clindamycin. Tigaron leaves were extracted using the maceration method using ethyl acetate solvent, secondary metabolite compounds detected using phytochemical screening method and antibacterial activity test using the well diffusion method. The final yield of ethyl acetate extract of tigaron leaves (C. nurvala buch. Ham.) was obtained at 1%. The secondary metabolite contained are alkaloids, flavonoids and steroids. The results showed that concentration of 0.31 mg/mL was included in the weak category inhibition zone (4.97 mm), 1.55 mg/mL (5.97 mm), 7.75 mg/mL (7.08 mm), 38.75 mg/mL (10.02 mm) which was included in the medium category inhibition zone and concentration of 193.75 mg/mL which is included in the strong category inhibition zone, clindamycin antibiotic as a positive control showed a strong zone of inhibition (16.5 mm). Ethyl acetate extract of tigaron leaves (C. nurvala buch.Ham.) can inhibit the growth of Propionibacterium acnes.
PENGARUH METODE EKSTRAKSI TERHADAP AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI DAUN RAMANIA (Bouea macrophylla Griffith) TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus Fitriyanti; Syifa; Ahmad; Saputri, Revita; Muthia, Rahmi
Pharmacoscript Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024): Pharmacoscript
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, Universitas Perjuangan Tasikmalaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36423/pharmacoscript.v7i1.1462

Abstract

Ekstrak metanol dari daun Ramania (Bouea macrophylla Griffith) telah teruji dengan dosis kecil memiliki efek antibakteri terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus, namun belum pernah dilakukan pengujian pada dosis yang lebih tinggi dan membandingkan pada metode ekstraksi yang berbeda seperti maserasi dan soxhletasi. Pada penelitian bermaksud untuk mengetahui golongan senyawa yang terdapat pada ekstrak metanol dari daun ramania dengan metode yang berbeda dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh peningkatan konsentrasi ekstrak terhadap penghambatan bakteri S.aureus dengan penyarian secara maserasi dan soxhletasi. Uji antibakteri dilakukan menggunakan metode difusi sumuran. Penapisan fitokimia terhadap ektrak metanol daun remania menunjukkan keberadaan senyawa yaitu mengandung senyawa saponin, flavonoid, fenol, tanin, steroid. Hasil ují antibakteri terhadap ekstrak daun ramania yang diperoleh dengan metode maserasi lebih baik dibandingkan dengan ekstrak yang diperoleh dengan metode Soxlet, yaitu pada konsentrasi 50, 40, 30, 20 dan 10%, memberikan zona hambat berturut-turut sebesar 19,28;13,28; 12,93; 12,25; dan 10,98 mm, dengan kategori kuat. Sedangkan hasil pada pengujian dengan esktraksi menggunakan alat soxhlet pada konsentrasi 50, 40, 30, 20 dan 10%, memberikan zona hambat berturut-turut sebesar 10,7; 10,3; 8,9; 8,6; dan  8,3 mm dengan kategori sedang sampai kuat.
Penyuluhan dan Pendampingan Pembuatan Izin Berusaha untuk Produk Olahan UMKM Kecamatan Martapura Barat Nurbidayah, Nurbidayah; Fitriyanti, Fitriyanti; Akbar, Depy Oktavian; Iedliany, Faradilla; Khairunnisa, Gusti
Jurnal Kreativitas Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) Vol 7, No 11 (2024): Volume 7 No 11 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/jkpm.v7i11.17090

Abstract

ABSTRAK Kemasan merupakan wadah yang diperuntukkan tidak hanya untuk membungkus produk namun bisa dipergunakan untuk media berupa promosi kepada pembeli. Pelaku usaha wajib memiliki Nomor Induk Berusaha (NIB) kemudian Produk Industri Rumah Tangga (P-IRT) untuk produk yang dijual. UMKM telah memiliki produk, namun belum memiliki izin edar.  Memberikan pengetahuan kepada UMKM Kecamatan Martapura Barat melalui kegiatan penyuluhan dan pendampingan akan pentingnya memiliki perizinan berusaha. Penyuluhan pentingnya memiliki perizinan berusaha dan pemberian edukasi, mengikutsertakan pelaku UMKM pada kegiatan Penyuluhan Keamanan Pangan (PKP), serta pendampingan pembuatan NIB dan pembuatan P-IRT. UMKM Sungai rangas dan keliling Benteng Ulu Kecamatan Martapura Barat telah mendapatkan NIB, telah mengikuti kegiatan PKP, dan telah mendapatkan nomor SPP-IRT untuk UMKM Sungai Rangas nomor P-IRT 270524004971200000001 dan UMKM Keliling Benteng Ulu nomor P-IRT 270524006172400000001 dengan berlaku perizinan berusaha tersebut selama 5 tahun yaitu sampai 24 Juli 2029. Pelaku UMKM telah mendapatkan pengetahuan mengenai manfaat, prosedur, dan syarat pendaftaran izin edar dan memiliki nomor izin edar. Kata Kunci: Kemasan, Penyuluhan, PIRT, UMKM  ABSTRACT Introduction: Packaging is a container that is intended not only to wrap products but can be used as media in the form of promotions to buyers. Business actors are required to have a Business Identification Number (NIB) and then Home Industry Products (P-IRT) for the products they sell.  Purpose: To provide knowledge to UMKM in West Martapura District through counseling and mentoring activities about the importance of having a business license. Research Methods: Educating on the importance of having business permits and providing education, involving UMKM actors in Food Safety Education (PKP) activities, as well as assistance in making NIB and making P-IRT. Results: UMKM in Sungai Rangas and Keliling Benteng Ulu, West Martapura District have received NIB, have participated in PKP activities, and have received an SPP-IRT number for UMKM in Sungai Rangas number P-IRT 270524004971200000001 and UMKM Keliling Benteng Ulu number P-IRT 270524006172400000001 with valid permits This business will last for 5 years, namely until 24 July 2029. Conclusion: UMKM players have gained knowledge about the benefits, procedures and requirements for registering a distribution permit for a product. Keywords: Packaging, Counseling, PIRT, UMKM
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa Sungai Batang Kecamatan Martapura Barat melalui Pelatihan Diversifikasi Produk Olahan Berbasis Ikan Sepat Rawa Fitriyanti, Fitriyanti; Rizaldi, Gusti; Rahmadina, Aprillia; Pasaribu, Cindy; Sauqi, Muhammad; Azzahra, Tania Nasyawa; Khairunnisa, Gustii
Jurnal Kreativitas Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) Vol 7, No 3 (2024): Volume 7 No 3 2024
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/jkpm.v7i3.13359

Abstract

ABSTRAK Ikan merupakan sumber daya yang bernilai ekonomis, selain itu juga memiliki nutrisi yang dibutuhkan dalam kesehatan. Di Provinsi Kalimantan terdapat komoditi ikan, salah satunya ikan sepat rawa (Trichopodus trichopterus) yang merupakan ikan lokal potensial dan digemari Masyarakat yang memiliki manfaat mencegah penyakit Diabetes Mellitus. Pengolahan diversifikasi produk olahan berbasis ikan sepat rawa. Meliputi proses permohonan izin pelaksanaan, persiapan bahan-alat, sosialisasi dan penjelasan terkait diversifikasi produk olahan berbasis ikan sepat rawa, pengolahan produk, dan evaluasi kegiatan. Pelaku usaha dan tim kader sangat setuju produk-produk yang telah didemokan untuk diolah mandiri (95), alat yang digunakan mudah (85%), kemasan yang didiskusikan dianggap menarik (85%) dan pemanfaatan sosial media dalam pemasaran dapat dilakukan mandiri (95%). Dari hasil evaluasi kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini menghasilkan data peserta sangat setuju dengan materi kegiatan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan (85%), pengabdian ini dilaksanakan sesuai harapan (95%), dan tim pelaksana telah memberikan pelayanan dan kesempatan yang baik (100%), kepuasaan mitra memiliki persentase 95%, serta harapan kegiatan kedepannya dapat dilaksanakan terus menerus (100%). Produk yang dihasilkan pelaku usaha Desa Sungai Batang berupa serbuk ikan sepat dan stik ikan sepat dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif makanan yang  tidak hanya praktis , namun juga sehat dan cocok untuk makanan pendamping pasien diabetes mellitus. Diharapkan dari pengabdian masyarakat ini adanya peningkatan pengetahuan, ekonomi, dan kesehatan masyarakat. Kata Kunci: Desa Sungai Batang, Diversifikasi Produk Olahan, Ikan Sepat Rawa  ABSTRACT Fish is a resource that has economic value, besides that it also has the nutrients needed for health. In Kalimantan Province there are fish commodities, one of which is the swamp sepat fish (Trichopodus trichopterus) which is a potential local fish and is popular with the community and has the benefit of preventing diabetes mellitus. Diversified processing of processed products based on swamp sepat fish. Includes the process of applying for an implementation permit, preparing materials and equipment, socializing and explaining the diversification of processed products based on swamp sepat fish, product processing, packaging planning and activity evaluation. Results: Business actors and the cadre team strongly agree that the products demonstrated can be processed independently (95), the tools used are easy (85%), the packaging discussed is considered attractive (85%) and the use of social media in marketing can be done independently ( 95%). The results of the activity evaluation showed that the majority of participants strongly agreed that the activity material met their needs (85%), the activities carried out met expectations (95%), the lecturer team provided good service (100%), partners were satisfied with the activities (95%) and Activities are expected to be carried out sustainably (100%). The products produced by Sungai Batang Village business in the form of sepat fish powder and sepat fish sticks can be used as alternative food which is not only practical, but also healthy and suitable as a complementary food for diabetes mellitus patients. Keywords: Sungai Batang Village, Diversification of Processed Products, Swamp Sepat Fish
PENGEMBANGAN MIKROEMULSI DARI EKSTRAK ETANOL 96% KULIT BATANG BALIK ANGIN (Alphitonia incana (Roxb.) Teijsm & Binn. Ex Kurz) Wahyudin Bin Jamaludin; Muhammad Hidayattullah; Muammaroh; Fitriyanti; Marlia Fatwa
Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung: Sains Farmasi Dan Kesehatan Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung: Sains Farmasi Dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Samarinda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51352/jim.v11i1.881

Abstract

The 96% ethanol extract of Balik angin stem bark contains secondary metabolite compounds that have potential antioxidant activity with a value of 37.00 ± 1.46µg/ml (bpj), the potential for use can be maximized in microemulsion preparations. In microemulsions, one of the ingredients that can affect the stability of the microemulsion is a cosurfactant which can affect the globule size and polydispersity index. Microemulsions were formulated by varying the type and concentration of cosurfactants to determine the optimal formula based on the test parameters of physical characteristics and stability of the preparation. The method used in this research is experimental and in the manufacture of microemulsions, namely the spontaneous emulsification method. The test results show that all formulas in the organoleptic test are clear except F1, the Tyndall test can transmit light, the pH value is 5.4 -5.6, the microemulsion type is M/A, the specific gravity is 1.038-1.064, the viscosity value is less than 200 cPs and the percent transmittance obtained ranges from 90-97%. The globule size test of F2 to F6 (55.03-1045) and the polydispersity index test of F2 to F6 (0.277-0.827), but the results were not detected in F1. The results of statistical tests on pH and specific gravity tests obtained p-value (>0.05), F3 viscosity test obtained p-value (<0.05) and T% test on F1, F4, and F5 obtained p-value (<0.05) so it can be concluded that microemulsion preparations with variations in the type and concentration of cosurfactants have an influence on physical characteristics and stability, and the most optimal formula is F6.
Sosialisasi Sertifikasi Halal Sebagai Edukasi Bagi Pelaku UMKM di Kecamatan Martapura Barat Faradilla Iedliany; Fitriyanti Fitriyanti; Nurbidayah Nurbidayah; Depy Oktavian Akbar; Gusti Khairunnisa
I-Com: Indonesian Community Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2025): I-Com: Indonesian Community Journal (Juni 2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Sains Dan Teknologi, Universitas Raden Rahmat Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70609/icom.v5i2.7041

Abstract

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) participate in Indonesia's economic conditions, but most MSME actors still do not add halal labels to their production. This is due to the lack of literacy about halal certification. This Community Service activity aims to educate and socialize the process and benefits of halal certification for MSME actors in Sungai Rangas Village and Banteng Ulu Mobile Village, West Martapura District, Banjar Regency. The method of this activity is first, the delivery of socialization materials, video tutorial playbacks, discussion and question and answer sessions, and filling out satisfaction survey questionnaires. The results of the activity showed that 80% of participants felt very satisfied and 20% were quite satisfied with the implementation of socialization activities. This shows that activities have a positive impact in providing insight into the importance of halal certification and as a strategy in developing a sustainable business.
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etil Asetat Daun Tigaron (Crateva religiosa G.Forst) terhadap Bakteri Shigella dysentriae dan Salmonella typhi Laili, Nur; Norazizah, Ufairah; Fitriyanti; Sari, Putri Kartika
MPI (Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): DECEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24123/mpi.v7i2.7723

Abstract

Tigaron (Crateva religiosa G.Forst) merupakan tumbuhan yang banyak tersebar di pulau Kalimantan. Secara tradisional tumbuhan ini dimanfaatkan masyarakat untuk membantu mengobati diare yang disebabkan oleh bakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui golongan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terkandung serta mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etil asetat daun tigaron (C. religiosa G.Forst) terhadap bakteri Shigella dysenteriae dan Salmonella typhi. Metode yang digunakan ialah difusi sumuran dengan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak 0,31 mg/mL; 1,55 mg/mL; 7,75mg/mL; 38,75 mg/mL dan 193,75 mg/mL. Ciprofloxacin 5 μg/disk digunakan sebagai kontrol positif dan Na-CMC 0,5% sebagai kontrol negatif. Hasil penelitian pada konsentrasi tertinggi 193,75 mg/mL terhadap bakteri Shigella dysenteriae menunjukkan rata-rata diameter zona hambat sebesar 17,98 mm dan pada bakteri Salmonella typhi sebesar 14,38 mm. Seluruh data diuji dengan Mann Whitney, didapatkan semua konsentrasi ekstrak etil asetat berbeda signifikan terhadap kontrol positif (p<0,05). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etil asetat daun tigaron (Crateva religiosa G.Forst) memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Shigella dysenteriae dan Salmonella typhi namun nilainya berbeda signifikan dengan kontrol positif. Tigaron (Crateva religiosa G. Forst) is a plant widely distributed across the island of Kalimantan. Traditionally, this plant has been utilized by local communities to help treat diarrhea, which can be caused by bacterial infections. This study aims to identify the classes of secondary metabolite compounds contained in the plant and to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the ethyl acetate extract of tigaron (Crateva religiosa G. Forst) leaves against Shigella dysenteriae and Salmonella typhi. The method used was the well diffusion assay with extract concentrations of 0.31 mg/mL, 1.55 mg/mL, 7.75 mg/mL, 38.75 mg/mL, and 193.75 mg/mL. Ciprofloxacin 5 μg/disk was used as the positive control and 0.5% Na-CMC as the negative control. The results showed that at the highest concentration of 193.75 mg/mL, the ethyl acetate extract produced an average inhibition zone diameter of 17.98 mm against Shigella dysenteriae and 14.38 mm against Salmonella typhi. All data were tested using Mann-Whitney, and all concentrations of ethyl acetate extract were significantly different from the positive control (p≥0.05). This indicates that the ethyl acetate extract of tigaron leaves (Crateva religiosa G.Forst) has antibacterial activity against Shigella dysenteriae and Salmonella typhi, but the value is significantly different from the positive control.
DETERMINATION OF TOTAL PHENOL AND FLAVONOID CONTENT OF 96% ETHANOL EXTRACT OF FRESH AND BLACK SUNA ONION BULB (Allium schoenoprasum L.) Rahmi, Muthia; Dini Amelia, Safitri; Siti Khalida Assyifa, Dayanti; Fitriyanti, Fitriyanti
Pharmacoscript Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): Pharmacoscript
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, Universitas Perjuangan Tasikmalaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36423/pharmacoscript.v9i1.2307

Abstract

The use of traditional medicinal plants is increasing because they are easy to find, safer, and affordable. One of the potential local plants from Central Kalimantan is the suna onion (Allium schoenoprasum L.), whose bulbs are used to cook spices and medicine. This study aims to determine the compound, total phenol and flavonoid content in fresh and black suna onion bulbs. Thermal fermentation was carried out for 7 days at ±70°C using an electric slow cooker. Extraction was done using the maceration method and 96% ethanol as a solvent. Qualitative tests for phenol used FeCl₃ and Millon reagents for flavonoids used Shinoda, Bate-Smith, and 10% NaOH reagents. The determination test used a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. For total phenols, gallic acid was used as a comparator, Folin-Ciocalteau as a reagent, with a wavelength of 760 nm. For total flavonoids, quercetin was used as a comparator, and AlCl3 reagents with a wavelength of 415 nm. The qualitative test showed fresh and black suna onion bulbs contained positive phenol and flavonoid compounds. Quantitative results showed an increase in phenolic content from 0.733 ± 0.095 mg Gallic Acid Equivalent(GAE)/g (fresh) to 11.024 ± 0.165 mg GAE/g (fermented) and total flavonoid content from 15.310 ± 0.372 mg QE/g (fresh) to 30.786 ± 0.179 mg QE/g (fermented). Based on these results, it can be concluded that the fermentation process increases the levels of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and total phenolics in the suna onion bulbs, thus potentially developing them as a traditional medicinal ingredient. This is due to chemical changes that occur during the thermal fermentation process (Maillard reaction).
Co-Authors Abdurrazaq Abdurrazaq Abdurrazaq Abdurrazaq, Abdurrazaq Ahmad Ahmad Ahmad Ridha Akbar, Depy Oktavian Alista, Siti Ari Surya Pratama Aristha Novyra Putri Astuti, Karunita Ika Ayunda, Feradella Azmi Yunarti Azwarina Nuke Azzahra, Tania Nasyawa Bella Rosalina Endah Chandra, M. Andi Depy Oktavian Akbar Didik Rio Pambudi Dini Amelia, Safitri Dyera Forestryana Eka Sandra Era Habibah Faradilla Iedliany Gunawan Gunawan Gusti Khairunnisa Hadirvika Tjuthiyanda Hafiz Ramadhan Hafiz Ramadhan hairunnisa nisa Helmina Wati Hidayati Rahmi Iedliany, Faradilla Jamaludin, Wahyudin Bin Karunika Ika Astuti Khairunnisa, Gusti Khairunnisa, Gustii Liana Fitriani Hasyim Liana Fitriani Hasymi M. Andi Chandra M. Fahrul Ricky NorHavid Malik Yustika Marlia Fatwa Muammaroh Muhammad Hafizudin Muhammad Hidayattullah Muhammad Nazarudin Muhammad Nazarudin, Muhammad Muhammad Nur Rahman Hendrawan Muhammad Reza Fahlevi Muhammad Saufi Murniati . Muthia Rahmi, Muthia Nashrul Wathan Noor Hayati, Noor Nopita Norazizah, Ufairah Norhasanah Norhasanah Novita Sari Nur Huda Nur Laili Nurbidayah Nurul Hikmah Nurul Mardiati Pasaribu, Cindy Putri Indah Sayakti Putri Kartika Sari Putri Kartika Sari Rahmadina, Aprillia Rahmayanti Fitriah Rahmi Muthia Ratna Restapaty Rina Helmina Riwanda Oktaviani Rizaldi, Gusti Rizka D.A. Widianti Rusida, Esty Restiana Saputri, Revita Sari Wahyunita Sauqi, Muhammad Setyo Yogi Shelin Shelin Siti Khalida Assyifa, Dayanti Siti Kholilah Siti Kholilah Susiani, Eka Fitri Syaid Nofal Assegaf Syamratul Qalbiyah Syifa Syifa Tia Mariati Risma Melati Vebruati Vebruati Vebruati Vebruati Wahyudin Bin Jamalludin Wahyudin Bin Jamaludin Wahyudin Bin Jamaludin Yuni Fahriana Yusmalina Yusmalina Yusrina Conitaty Zannah, Meryatul